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Bell Assignment Activating Prior Knowledge: • What do you know about the North and the South here in the U.S.A. prior to 1860? How are these regions alike? How are they different? On what political issues have the North and South differed? Write a short essay detailing what you know about these two regions.
Prior Knowledge North South
PreAP/GT Bell Work • How are the American System and the Missouri Compromise examples of sectionalism?
Bell Work: In your own words Write a definition for the term and draw a sketch of what it is.
The“Era of Good Feelings” (1815-1824) • Nationalism – loyalty and pride for your nation or country. • Nationalism was growing as a result of the victory of the War of 1812. People were proud that the U.S. defeated the British again. Adapted From Susan M. Pojer, Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
The American System • Tariff of 1816- to protect American businesses • Second National Bank was created to help print money and trade • Use the tariffs for Internal improvements (roads, bridges and canals) at federal expense.-National Road Henry Clay,“The Great Compromiser”
The American System in Action This is the Erie Canal. Completed in 1825. It connected the West (Lake Erie) back to the Northeast. It allowed the shipping of goods faster, cheaper, and easier.
The American System • WEST got roads, canals, and federal aide. • EAST got the backing of protective tariffs for its manufacturing and trade. • SOUTH ??
James Monroe [1816-1824] • Was Madison’s successor as President • Began a period known as the “Era of Good Feelings” • Very little political, foreign, or domestic conflicts arose during this time. • It was a time of great growth and prosperity to America.
US Population Density 1810 1820
McCulloch v. Maryland- Summary-- MD tried to tax the 2nd Bank of the U.S. in order to drive it out. The court ruled that a state can not tax a federal bank because the federal government has more power or authority. Importance-- Expanded the authority of the federal gov’t, and said it was proper and necessary for the fed. Gov’t to do more than the constitution expressly authorized it to do. Supreme Court Cases
Gibbons v. Ogden – Summary– a ship owner wanted to ship goods between NJ and NY. NY gov’t tried to stop him saying only NY shippers could ship NY goods. He sued. gave states the power to regulate trade solely in their area, but Congress (Fed Gov’t) can regulate interstate commerce (trade) Importance– This expanded the powers of the federal government. Now it can regulate trade between states Supreme Court Cases
Sectionalism- loyalty to your region not the nation South West Cotton farming and used slave labor Farmers who wanted transportation to ship their goods to the Northeast. John C. Calhoun, SC -supported War of 1812 -supported slavery -Opposed strong fed. Gov’t North Henry Clay, KY -Supported War of 1812 -supported strong fed. Gov’t -supported protective tariffs. Manufacturing and trade. Daniel Webster, MA -opposed War of 1812 -supported strong fed. gov.’t -opposed slavery
The Compromise of 1820:A Firebell in the Night! • Henry Clay’s compromise would allow Missouri to be admitted as a slave state and Maine as a free state. This would keep the balance of power in the Senate the same. • Also, any new states in the Louisiana Territory above the 36 30 line would be admitted as free states.
Adams-Onis Treaty • U.S. and Spain disagreed over the boundaries of Louisiana and West Florida. • U.S. had problems with the Spanish protecting Seminoles and pirates who attacked Americans in Georgia and Kentucky. • Andrew Jackson was sent to protect Americans from Seminoles, but he went too far. He chased them into Florida into a Spanish fort and defeated the Spanish. He claimed Florida now belonged to the U.S. • U.S. sent John Quincy Adams for damage control.
John Quincy Adams:A bulldog among spaniels! As Secretary of State his goal was to resolve foreign affairs with Britain and Spain.
Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 • Spain gave up Florida and all claims to the Oregon Country for $5 million. • The U.S. gave up claims to parts of Texas and accepted the boundary between Louisiana Territory and Spanish Territory.
Latin American nations had won their independence. But Spain and Portugal wanted their colonies back. The U.S. saw this as a threat to its own freedom.U.S. Pres. Monroe warned European nations like Spain to not try to reclaim or colonize these new nations.
Monroe Doctrine Western Hemisphere was off Limits to European Countries to build new colonies
The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 • Referred to as America’s Self-Defense Doctrine. 1. Maintained Washington’s Neutrality policy if…. 3. Established America’s foreign policy up through Kennedy and even Reagan’s administrations Monroe Doctrine 2. European nations stayed out of the western hemisphere. Don’t try to colonize the Latin American Nations or else!
Bell Work • How did James Monroe contribute to American foreign policy? The U.S. would __. • use international organizations to seek peaceful solutions to conflict. • resist any nation attempting to interfere in the affairs in the western hemisphere. • use military force to topple dictator that threaten democracy. 2. Why was the Monroe Doctrine created in the first place?
write out your answers • The main purpose of Henry Clay’s American System was to ___. • Increase the spirit of nationalism in the U.S. • Improve the economy of the nation through internal improvements such as roads. • Improve trade relations with foreign nations with a new type of trading system. • The purpose of canals, roads, and bridges were to ___. • Help settlement and trade between the Northern and the Southern regions. • Help settlement and trade between the Northern and the Western regions. • Help settlement between the Western and Southern regions.
America Under James Monroe and John Quincy Adams, 1817-1828: The Monroe Doctrine and the Missouri Compromise. United Learning. 2003.unitedstreaming. 3 March 2008<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/> Citations
Conflict between Great Britain and the U.S. in the early 19th century resulted in _. • War of 1812 • Civil War • Impressment of sailors • Treaty of Paris • Who was president during the Embargo Act of 1807? • George Washington • John Adams • Thomas Jefferson • James Madison • Which of the following led to the Lewis and Clark Expedition? • War of 1812 • Embargo Act of 1807 • Louisiana Purchase • American Revolution • The Election of 1800 led to __. • Judicial Review • The Twelfth Amendment • Midnight Judges • War of 1812
Bell Assignment: Make sure to write out the answer not just the letter. • Why would different sections of the country react differently to a tariff? • It hurt northern industries and western farming • It was an extra tax that everyone had to pay • It helped the economies of some sections more than others. • Sectionalism occurs when _. • People share the same interests • People disagree about the best way to run a business • People put the interest of their region over that of the country
