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Histology

Histology. The study of tissues. Tissue. A group of similar cells working together to perform a common function. 4 Types of Tissues. Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous. Epithelial Tissue. Covers a body surface or lines a body cavity.

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Histology

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  1. Histology The study of tissues

  2. Tissue A group of similar cells working together to perform a common function.

  3. 4 Types of Tissues • Epithelial • Connective • Muscle • Nervous

  4. Epithelial Tissue Covers a body surface or lines a body cavity

  5. Composed of closely packed cells with specialized points of attachment Have a free surface and attached to a basement membrane Avascular but innervated Rapid cell division Specialized to form glands Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

  6. Protection Absorption Secretion Filtration Excretion Sensory Functions of Epithelial Tissue

  7. Cell Shape: Squamous – flattened cells Cuboidal- boxes Columnar-tall Cell Arrangement: Simple – single layers Stratified – multiple layers Classification of Epithelial Tissue

  8. Examples of Epithelial Tissue

  9. Simple Squamous Epithelium(Alveoli of lungs & linings of Blood vessels)

  10. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium(Kidney tubules) • Cuboidal cells • Nucleus of cell

  11. Simple Columnar Epithelium(Digestive Tract) • Columnar cells • Nucleus • Cell membrane

  12. Pseudostratified Epithelium(Trachea) • Basement membrane • Cilia • Nucleus

  13. Stratified Squamous Epithelium(Lining of mouth) • Layers of epithelium • Surface cells

  14. Stratified Squamous Epithelial(Human Cheek Cells) • Nucleus • Cytoplasm • Cell Membrane

  15. Transitional Epithelium(Urinary bladder) • Surface cells • Attached cells Specialized for stretching

  16. Connective Tissue

  17. Connective Tissue Found everywhere in the body; most abundant and widely distributed of all the tissues.

  18. Cells widely separated by an extracellular matrix Varying degrees of vascularization Characteristics of Connective Tissue

  19. Functions of Connective Tissue • Binding and support • Protection • Insulation • Transportation

  20. Ground Substance – unstructured material that fills the space between the cells Cells Fibers Collagen fibers Elastic fibers Reticular fibers Structural Elements

  21. Examples of Connective Tissue

  22. Areolar Connective Tissue(beneath the skin) • Fibroblasts • Collagen fibers • Elastic fibers

  23. Reticular Tissue(Spleen, liver, lymph nodes) A. Reticular fibers

  24. Adipose Tissue(Fat) • Nucleus of fat cell • Fat droplet

  25. Dense FibrousConnective Tissue(Tendons) • Fibroblasts • Collagenous fibers

  26. Hyaline Cartilage(Ends of bones, trachea, larynx) • Chrondrocyte • Matrix • Lacuna

  27. Bone • Central Canal • Lamellae • Osteocyte in lacuna • Canaliculi

  28. Blood Leucocytes (White Blood Cells) Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells) Sickle Cells

  29. Muscle Tissue Responsible for body movements

  30. Location Skeletal Cardiac Visceral Appearance Smooth Striated Action Voluntary Involuntary Classification

  31. Skeletal Muscle:Attached to bones for movement • AKA: Muscle fibers • Long, blunt, cylindrical • Multinucleated • Striated • Voluntary • Width of cell • Nucleus

  32. Cardiac Muscle:Found in heart • Involuntary • Mononucleate • Branched • Striated • Intercalated discs • Nucleus

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