1 / 5

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. Our chosen topic is: PLEURAL EFFUSIONS DEFINITION - A COLLECTION OF FLUID BETWEEN THE PARIETAL PLEURA AND VISCERAL PLEURA . SYMPTOMS - Chest pains - Shortness of Breathe -Cough -Hiccups -Fever.

lavonn
Download Presentation

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Our chosen topic is: PLEURAL EFFUSIONS DEFINITION- A COLLECTION OF FLUID BETWEEN THE PARIETAL PLEURA AND VISCERAL PLEURA. SYMPTOMS- Chest pains - Shortness of Breathe -Cough -Hiccups -Fever http://intensivecare.hsnet.nsw.gov.au/five/images/pleural%20effusion%20CXR%202.jpg

  2. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY IN A HEALTHY LUNG The Right Lung -Makes up 56% of the total lung volume -Three lobes-the superior, middle and inferior, which are separated by the horizontal fissure and the oblique fissure. http://home.comcast.net/~wnor/thoraxlesson2.htm The Left Lung -Makes up 44% of the total lung volume -Two lobes which are separated by the oblique fissure. http://home.comcast.net/~wnor/thoraxlesson2.htm

  3. The main anatomy affected by pleural effusions are the layers in the Lung- • There are two layers-the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura. • At the Hilum, the parietal pleura folds back on itself to become the visceral pleura. • The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of the • pleura. It includes the pleura, the pericardium and the • peritoneum. • Function- to produce a lubricating fluid that is secreted between • the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura to reduce friction and • provide a non-adhesive, protective surface. • The volume of pleural fluid is around 10ml in a healthy lung and has a pH of 7.60-7.64 • The pleural fluid contains – • glucose content similar to that of plasma • mesothelial cells • macrophages • lymphocytes • sodium, potassium and calcium concentrations similar to that of interstitial fluid. • Lactate Dehydrogenase concentration of less than 50% of that of plasma http://www.nature.com/modpathol/journal/v18/n2/images/3800278f1.jpg

  4. ANATOMY OF A HEALTHY LUNG ANATOMY OF A LUNG WITH A PLEURAL EFFUSION http://www.themesotheliomalibrary.com/pleural-effusions3.gif A pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid between the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura.

  5. ANATOMY OF A LUNG WITH A PLEURAL EFFUSION • The fluid tends to be pleural fluid. • The fluid accumulates due to the over production of pleural fluid by the mesothelial cells and separates the visceral and parietal pleura. • This fluid can not be drained by the lymphatic system, and so • therefore continues to accumulate, resulting in a pleural effusion. • The accumulation of fluid may also be due to changes in • hydrostatic pressure or oncotic pressure. • The contents and pH of the pleural fluid alters, depending • on whether the effusion is Transudative or Exudative • Other changes to anatomy include- • -Pleural thickening • -Mediastinal Pleural thickening • -Diaphragmatic Pleural thickening • -Presence of Pleural nodules which can range from 2mm to 4cm • -Increase in pressure, due to the increase in fluid www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

More Related