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NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES

NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES. AISYATUL FAIZAH P.KIM SUB’09 UNY. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes. Numerical Prefix. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes. H. H. H. H. C. C. C. H. 1. 2. 3. H. H. H. prop(a) + ane = propane. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes.

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NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES

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  1. NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES AISYATUL FAIZAH P.KIM SUB’09 UNY

  2. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes

  3. Numerical Prefix

  4. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes H H H H C C C H 1 2 3 H H H prop(a) + ane = propane

  5. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes

  6. Basic Rules Branchnumber + substituent prefix + rootname

  7. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes H H C H H • H • H • H H C C C • H C C H H H H H pent(a) + ane = pentane

  8. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes H H C H H • H • H • H H C C C • H C C H H H H H meth(ane) + -yl = methyl

  9. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes H H C H H • H • H • H H C C C • H C C 3 4 1 2 5 H H H H H   2-methylpentane 4-methylpentane

  10. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes H H C H 3 4 1 2 5 H • H • H • H H C C C • H C C H H H H H 2-methylpentane

  11. Give the name of the following structure! 2,2,4-trimethylpentane

  12. Conclusion Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes • Count the amount of C atom. • Write the prefix name based on the amount of C atom, then add the ending-ane.

  13. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes • Find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the skeleton structure. Name the compound as a derivative of the alkane with this number of carbon atoms. • Name the substituent on the chain. Substituent derived from alkanes are named by replacing the -ane ending with -yl. • Number the chain starting at the end nearest the first substituent and specify the carbon atoms on which the substituent is located. Use the lowest possible numbers. • Use the prefixes di-, and tri- be substituents that are found two, or three, times on the same chain of carbon atoms. • Arrange the names of the substituents in alphabetical order.

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