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Argumentative Writing

Argumentative Writing. The Elements of an Argument. A claim Based on evidence of some sort A warrant that explains how the evidence supports the claim Backing supports the warrants Qualifications and rebuttals or counter arguments that refute competing claims. Claim.

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Argumentative Writing

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  1. Argumentative Writing

  2. The Elements of an Argument • A claim • Based on evidenceof some sort • A warrantthat explains how the evidence supports the claim • Backingsupports the warrants • Qualificationsand rebuttalsor counterarguments that refute competing claims

  3. Claim • Your “thesis” statement • Your argument

  4. Evidence • Good argument begins with looking at the DATAthat is likely to become the EVIDENCEin an argument and which gives rise to a thesis statement or major CLAIM • SO, your thesis statement arises from a QUESTION, which in turn arises from the examination of information or data of some sort

  5. Evidence • Once we have examined data to produce a question and have reexamined the data to try to produce an answer to the question, we may have a claim or thesis worthy of arguing. If the data support our answer to the question, it becomes evidence in support of the claim we make.

  6. Evidence • Laid out step by step, it looks like this • Examine data • Ask questions based on data • Reexamine data • Try to answer the questions • Data that supports our answer = EVIDENCE

  7. Evidence • TO BE USEFUL, MUST BE VERIFIABLE • Must cite the works discussed and quote from the texts to prove a claim • Readers will want an explanation of WHYthe data we produced support the claims we made • This is the job of the WARRANT

  8. Warrant • Warrants may be simply common sense rules that people accept as generally true, laws, scientific principles or studies, and thoughtfully argued definitions • Think about the crime shows on TV. They spend a considerable amount of time establishing WARRANTS

  9. Backing • Support for WARRANTS • When serious arguments of judgment are challenged, the warrants will likely need to be backed by extended definitions of the abstract qualities involved (extended data and research)

  10. Qualifications and Counter Arguments • Because arguments deal with probabilities, they must be qualified. When statistical procedures are not appropriate, statements such as PROBABLY, IN ALL LIKELIHOOD, AS A RULE, etc., would be the form of a qualification • The very idea of arguments or probability suggest that a differing claim is likely to exist; address it

  11. REQUIREMENTS • You must include all of these elements in your paper • 5DIFFERENT, VERIFIABLE, RELEVANT pieces of data/research • MLA format • 2 pages argument + 1 works cited = 3 pages total (limit) • 1, 5 slide PowerPoint presentation

  12. POWERPOINT FORMAT ***Include pictures on each slide. Include at least 1 paragraph of information on each slide.

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