October 18 , 2013 Copy the correct diagram.

1. October 18, 2013 Copy the correct diagram. When done…..use IPAD to go to team website and go to TUCKER MEAP Review Page, then download October 18, 2013 activity.

2. Vocabulary Assignment Directions: • Complete the following slide (handout) with your table partner on terms you know or don’t know • Make sure you know (very well) all of the terms that have PowerPoint slides • Use I-pads and Google to help you find definitions for terms you don’t know Then, visit these sites for vocabulary challenges: • http://education.jlab.org/vocabhangman/ • http://www.neok12.com/vocabulary-games.htm • http://www.eduplace.com/parents/hmsc/content/vocabgames/ • http://www.harcourtschool.com/glossary/science/index6.html • https://sites.google.com/a/csisd.org/mrs-mullen-s-5th-grade-science/study-vocabulary • https://sites.google.com/a/stanlycountyschools.org/tommythompson/science/vocabulary

3. Of the 140 Vocabulary Terms…… Terms I Know Well….. Terms I Am Not Sure Of…..

4. 8th Grade Science Vocabulary Terms (140 terms for Frayer Model) • absorb • acquired traits • adaptations • atmosphere • atoms • balance of nature • balance scale • benefit • cell wall • cells • characteristics • chemical change • chemical weathering • chlorophyll • chromosome • climax community • closed circuit • cold blooded • cold front • community • competition • compound • conclusion • condensation • conductor • consumer • control • cytoplasm • data (datum) • decomposer • density • digestive system • direct rays • dominant traits • echo • echolocation • ecosystem • egg cell (ovary) • electromagnet • element • elevation • embryo • erosion • evaporation • evidence • evolution • extinct • fertilization • flower • food chain • food web • force • fossil • fulcrum • galaxy • gas • gene • germinate • gravity • heredity • humidity • hypothesis • igneous rock • inclined plane • incomplete circuit • inference • inherited traits • investigation • landfill • lava • lever • liquids • lunar phases • magma • mass • mechanical weathering • metamorphic rocks • meter • microscope • mineral • mixture • molecules • non-conductor (insulator) • non-native species (exotic) • observation • opaque • organ • ozone • parasite • photosynthesis • physical change • pioneer species • pollen • pollutant • population • precipitation • predation • procedure • producer • pulley • purpose • reaction force • recessive trait • reflect • refract • revolve • rock cycle • rotate • runoff • sedimentary rock • simple machine • single-celled organism • solar eclipse • solid • sonar • sound waves • speed • sublimation • succession • surface mining • symbiosis • temperature • thermal contraction • thermal expansion • thermometer • translucent • transparent • unbalanced forces • urban development • vacuum • vertebrate • volume • warm blooded • warm front • water cycle • weather • weight • wetland • wheel and axle • zygote

5. extinct Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Organisms disappear because of changes to the Earth’s environment Mass extinctions can happen as a result of large scale changes Human changes to the environment have caused many extinctions EX: dinosaurs, passenger pigeons, mammoth NONEX: endangered species are reduced in number and may go extinct but are not yet extinct • Species of organism that no longer has any living individuals Memory Pictograph

6. fertilization Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Sexual reproduction Requires male and female cells Eggs must be fertilized in order to grow into a new a organism EX: seed, embryo NONEX: unfertilized chicken egg will not divide and form a new organism • Joining together of 2 cells to form a new cell called a zygote Memory Pictograph

7. flower Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Pollen needed from male stamen Egg cell needed from female pistil Pollination required for seeds to develop EX: apple blossom must be fertilized in order to develop in apple with seeds NONEX: if wind or bee (or GregorMendel with paint brush) do not transfer pollen • Reproductive organs flowering plants Memory Pictograph

8. galaxy Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Our galaxy is called the Milky Way (why? – color appears white in the sky) Galaxies can be spiral, bar shaped, elliptical or irregular in shape Milky Way is a spiral shaped galaxy shaped like a pinwheel EX: Milky Way, Andromeda, Magellanic Clouds NONEX: solar systems are only a single star system • Huge system of stars and dust particles Memory Pictograph

9. Lunar Phases Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Occur because of the one month revolution period of the Moon’s orbit around the Earth Moon’s rotation (spin) and revolution (orbit) take the same amount of time so we never see the far side of the Moon from Earth EX: 5 main phases NONEX: Lunar eclipse is caused by the Earth’s shadow • Daily/ monthly changes in the Moon’s appearance Memory Pictograph

10. Mechanical Weathering Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Caused by wind, water, frost, animals and plants Main cause is frost action as water freezes and expands in cracks in the rock causing it to break apart EX: potholes in the road in winter and spring time NONEX: chemical weathering from oxidation, acid rain or water carrying away minerals that can dissolve • Physical action that breaks rocks apart without causing chemical changes to the rock Memory Pictograph

11. absorb Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Dark colors absorb heat Light is absorbed or reflected Leaves absorb sunlight in order to make food (photosynthesize) Sound waves are absorbed or reflected (echo) Cells absorb nutrients from their environment • To collect, or take in Memory Pictograph

12. acquired traits Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample traits NOT from parent, but from environment Help organism survive better Trait develops because of environmental conditions Ex: culture, language, larger muscles, acquired skill such as riding a bike Nonex: hair color, freckles, gender ----- inherited traits • Characteristic that an organisms develops because of its environment Memory Pictograph

13. adaptations Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Body parts of behaviors that help an organisms to survive more adaptations better chances for survival (Darwin) EX: Galapagos Islands finches with beaks adapted to what they feed on/ camouflage/ speed/ special coloration NONEX: traits that make survival less likely • Traits that help plants and animals survive better Memory Pictograph

14. atmosphere Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and other gases in much smaller amounts Reduces in pressure as you go up in elevation Several layers that have different properties NONEX: hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere • blanket of gases that surround the Earth Memory Pictograph

15. atoms Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Atoms bond together to form molecules Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma – made of atoms Atoms contain particles: Protons (+) neutrons(no charge) electrons(-) Invisible and mostly empty space EX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements of the Periodic Table NONEX: Molecules are MADE OF atoms bonded together • Smallest form of matter Memory Pictograph Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6

16. balance of nature Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Helps prevent overpopulation Birth rate and death rate are similar Waste of one species is food source for another species EX: bacteria are decomposers/ roaches are scavengers NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones from too much algae growth kills fish in sudden die off event • Balance and variety of species in a community Memory Pictograph

17. balance scale Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Measuring tool Works like a lever Compares unknown mass to known mass Measures in metric: grams (g) or kilograms (kg) Heavy mass goes down/ light mass goes up EX: triple beam balance NONEX: human weight scale – measures mass and pull of gravity on you which depends on whether you are on Earth, moon, or another planet • Instrument used to measure mass (amount of matter)of an object Memory Pictograph

18. benefit Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Anything that helps a species survive Benefits come with risks EX: pesticides can benefit humans by reducing mosquito populations BUT organisms that feed off mosquitoes (bats, birds, fish, frogs) will be harmed NONEX: no long term benefit to using up all the resources • Something that provides and advantage to an organism Memory Pictograph

19. cells Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Animal cells usually round Plant cells usually more squared off Human body made up of trillions of cells All cells come from other living cells EX: prokaryote (no nucleus) and eukaryote (has nucleus) cells NONEX: atoms and molecules are matter that help to make up cells but cells are alive and matter is not • Basic unit of all living things Memory Pictograph

20. cell wall Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Hard rigid boundary that provides support and protection Explains why plants do not move about well Can bend, but will not move EX: made of cellulose and makes wood hard and durable NONEX: animal cells do NOT have cell walls • Outer boundary of a plant, fungi, and bacteria cells Memory Pictograph

21. characteristics Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample We inherit our traits from our parents So do other organisms 50% from each parent organism EX: hair color, body shape, skin color NONEX: acquired traits such as playing a musical instrument • Collection of traits that form the way an organism looks Memory Pictograph

22. chemical change Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Happens because of chemical reactions Chemical bonds are broken and/ or new bonds are formed Cannot be reversed – new substances formed EX: fire, rust, baking soda & vinegar NONEX: physical change such as change in size by cutting paper or wood • Change in a substance that produces a new type of substance with new chemical properites Memory Pictograph

23. chemical weathering Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Man-made or natural Dissolves rocks Acids do most of the weathering and erode the surface of the rocks EX: acid rain NONEX: rocks eroded by wind or frost action which are both mechanical weathering • Process by which rocks are broken down by chemical changes Memory Pictograph Acid rain wears down surface by chemical action

24. chlorophyll Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Gives plants their green color In chloroplasts of plant cells Allows plants to produce their own food EX: all plants NONEX: animals do not produce their own food • Chemical that is used by plants during photosynthesis Memory Pictograph

25. chromosome Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Humans have 46 chromosomes 23 chromosomes from each parent “blueprint” of how to build (or repair) a particular organism EX: eukaryotes have chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell NONEX: prokaryotes have DNA but not inside of a nucleus (prokaryotes do not have a nucleus) • made of strands of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms Memory Pictograph

26. climax community Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Takes a long time Lake dries up, becomes a wetland, then a meadow, then shrubs, then trees then forest Can stay as a forest for many years EX: U of M Dearborn hiking area is a beech-maple climax community NONEX: people cut down all the trees and change natural pattern • Last step of a natural process called succession Memory Pictograph

27. closed circuit Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Wires are fully connected into a path for electrons to flow freely Light bulbs can light up Battery is source of electron flow EX: flashlight switched on NONEX: open switch, broken wire, or burned out light bulb • Electrical circuit in which electricity can flow freely Memory Pictograph

28. cold blooded Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Body temperature is not constant Body temperature changes with temperature of its environment Warm and cold extremes can kill the animal EX: reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates NONEX: mammals, birds • Animal whose body temperature changes with the environmental temperature Memory Pictograph

29. cold front Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Brings cold and unstable weather Can be fast or slow Can form dangerous clouds quickly and lead to severe weather EX: cumulonimbus clouds (tallest and possible tornado producers) NONEX: warm front – rain likely and less severe • Occurs when cold air mass moves warm air mass upward Memory Pictograph

30. community Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Groups of organisms affect each other in the community Creates a unique area EX: forest community, pond community, meadow community, coral reef community NONEX: population refers to just one species in a community • Group of different populations living in the same place Memory Pictograph

31. competition Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample The more adaptations an organisms has to its environment, the less it needs to compete Some animals change their habits to have less competition EX: invasive species outcompeting native species, deer feeding at different times or on different plants NONEX: mutualism • Interaction between 2 organisms over basic resources such as food, water, shelter, mates Memory Pictograph

32. compound Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Have chemical and physical properties not like the original elements Always has a chemical formula EX: salt (NaCl), water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) NONEX: elements are made of just one type of atom, mixtures are made of different materials next to each other BUT NOT BONDED TOGETHER • Pure substance made up of 2 or more different elements that are bonded together Memory Pictograph

33. conclusion Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Summary that re-checks the hypothesis Part of the scientific method Examines the data and results of an experiment EX: see memory pictograph NONEX: hypothesis has to be tested/ conclusion states whether hypothesis is supported by the results of the experiment • Explains whether the hypothesis of an experiment was supported by the results of the experiment Memory Pictograph

34. condensation Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Caused by cooling of the temperature of the gas Second step in the water cycle Physical change EX: cold glass on a hot humid day forms condensation, fog, clouds, dew NONEX: evaporation is the opposite of condensation • Physical change in matter from a gas to a liquid state Memory Pictographs

35. conductor Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Molecules either vibrate (heat) or pass along electrons (electricity) Metals are the best conductors Nonmetals are usually insulators, not conductors EX: copper, aluminum, iron, steel NONEX: rubber, plastic, wood • Material that allows heat and electricity to pass through Memory Pictograph

36. consumer Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Needs to obtain energy by eating other organisms Can eat producers (plants) or other consumers EX: humans, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores NONEX: producers make their own food through photosysthesis • Organism that cannot make its own food and must get food by consuming other organisms Memory Pictograph

37. control Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Helps check results of experiment Makes experiments more accurate EX: experiment comparing fertilizers, one trial has NO fertilizer NONEX: constants in an experiment keep all conditions similar, control leaves out the manipulated variable (independent variable) • Part of an experiment that is kept the same so it can be used as a comparison to the other data Memory Pictograph

38. cytoplasm Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Helps hold or contain the insides of a cell Cell jelly/ gel Allows materials to move about inside cell Mostly water EX: found in all types of cells NONEX: cell organelles are supported by cytoplasm • Thick fluid contained in the cell membrane of all cells Memory Pictograph

39. data (datum) Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Graphs and charts Shows observations and evidence Good data comes form fair experiments and good variables EX: Data chart for experiment in class NONEX: conclusions and analysis occur after collecting data • Information gathered and organized during an experiment Memory Pictograph

40. decomposer Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Uses dead organisms as nutrients Critical for healthy ecosystem Helps rid nature of dead organisms Types of consumer EX: bacteria, fungus NONEX: scavengers arrive before too much decomposition takes place • Organism that obtains food by breaking down dead organisms Memory Pictograph

41. density Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Density = mass / volume Depends on how How tightly packed are the molecules in a given amount of space? Feathers ----low density Gold ---------high density Water has a density of 1 > 1 sink in water < 1 float in water • Ratio of mass to volume Memory Pictograph

42. digestive system Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Uses both physical and chemical changes in the process Broken down materials move from the small intestine into the blood stream Circulatory system moves food and nutrients through the blood to the cells • Organ system that breaks down food into a form that the body can absorb/ use Memory Pictograph

43. direct rays Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Strikes at a direct angle and more energy is hitting the surface Always occurring near the equator Summer has more direct rays than winter EX: tropical rain forests receive direct rays all year NONEX: polar areas never receive direct rays • Sunlight that reaches the Earth with more intensity Memory Pictograph

44. dominant traits Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Traits that occur with greater frequency Research of Gregor Mendel and pea plants Geneticists study dominant and recessive traits EX: brown hair, brown eyes, widow’s peak, etc… NONEX: blue eyes, red hair are recessive traits for the general population • Inherited traits that show up more often in a population Memory Pictograph

45. echo Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Sound energy is a mechanical wave that can be absorbed or reflected by the objects it hits Used by bats and dolphins to locate prey or predators EX: cave, gym, shower, empty room NONEX: room covered with carpeting on floors and walls • Sound waves bouncing back from hitting a hard surface Memory Pictograph

46. echolocation Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Used by bats and dolphins and other animals Helps locate prey Humans borrowed idea for radar and sonar EX: sonar bounces sound waves at sea NONEX: radar bounces EM waves not sound waves • Method of navigation in which sound waves are bounced off objects to determine distance and location Memory Pictograph

47. ecosystem Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Make up a special location where organisms and resources interact Air, water, soil, are non-living but still important to ecosystem working properly EX: forest ecosystem, pond ecosystem, estuary ecosystem NONEX: a single population of one organisms • All the living and nonliving things in a community Memory Pictograph

48. egg cell (ovary) Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Organisms that reproduce through sexual reproduction must begin as an egg cell Can grow into seeds or infants Must be fertilized in order to grow EX: chicken egg cell – very large cell NONEX: organisms that reproduce asexually do not require egg cells to reproduce • Cell produced by the female reproductive system – must combine with sperm cell to become fertilized Memory Pictograph

49. electromagnet Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Attracts certain metals only – iron, steel, nickel Moving electrons make the magnet more powerful EX: lifts up scrap cars and even small electromagnets can lift heavier weights NONEX: regular magnets with no added wires and electricity • Powerful magnet produced by coiling wire around iron and running electricity through Memory Pictograph

50. element Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Found on periodic table Cannot be broken down further Atomic number is determined by number of protons in the nucleus Neutrons are also in the nucleus Electrons move in different energy shells around the nucleus EX: each of the types of atoms listed on Periodic Table NONEX: compounds, mixtures • A pure substance that consists of only one type of atom with unique properties Memory Pictograph