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UNFCCC WORKSHOP Port Louis, Mauritius (8-11 April 2003)

UNFCCC WORKSHOP Port Louis, Mauritius (8-11 April 2003). USE OF THE GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS FROM NON-ANNEX I PARTIES MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE : CASE STUDIES FROM AFRICA AND CAPACITY BUILDING Dr Moussa Kola CISSE Enda/Dakar-SENEGAL.

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UNFCCC WORKSHOP Port Louis, Mauritius (8-11 April 2003)

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  1. UNFCCC WORKSHOPPort Louis, Mauritius (8-11 April 2003) USE OF THE GUIDELINES FOR THE PREPARATION OF NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS FROM NON-ANNEX I PARTIES MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE : CASE STUDIES FROM AFRICA AND CAPACITY BUILDING Dr Moussa Kola CISSE Enda/Dakar-SENEGAL

  2. Mitigation of Climate Change : Case studies from Africa and Capacity building • Key provisions required by the guidelines • Methodological approaches & reference documents for mitigation analysis study • Lessons from Africa case studies • Capacity building issues

  3. Key provisions required by the guidelines • Information on the general description of steps taken or envisaged by the NAI Party to implement the Convention • Including national and regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change • Addressing anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all GHGs not controlled by the Montreal Protocol • Relevant information by key sectors on methodologies, scenarios, results, measures and institutional arrangements • Based on national circumstances, within the framework of sustainable development • Any other relevant information to the achievement of the objective of the Convention

  4. Methodological approaches & reference documents • Technical resources • Technologies, Policies and Measures for Mitigating Climate Change (IPCC Technical Paper I) • UNEP/Riso : Economics of GHG limitations, GF/2200-96-15 • GHG Mitigation assessment : A Guidebook • GHG Mitigation Assessment : A Guidebook by US Country Studies Program • Models • LEAP : Long range Energy Alternatives Planning system (Energy sector) • COMAP : Comprehensive Mitigation Assessment Process (Land use change & Forestry) • Statistic tools (other sectors)

  5. Methodological approaches & reference documents (continued) • Analytical structure • Evaluation of national social and economic development framework for climate change mitigation • Baseline scenario projection • Mitigation scenarios projections • Macroeconomic assessment • Implementation issues

  6. Lessons from Africa case studies • Background for Africa GHG emissions • Minor contributor of GHG emissions • 3.2% of the world total carbon emissions • 7.7% for methane • Energy : 32% of GHG emissions in Africa • Land use : 37% • Agriculture : 20% • Industrial processes : 1% • Waste : 10%

  7. Lessons from Africa case studies (continued) • Senegal GHG emissions • Total GHG emissions in 1995 : 9317 Gg Eq CO2 • Energy : 41% • Agriculture : 32% • Waste : 24% • Industrial processes : 3%

  8. Lessons from Africa case studies (continued) • Challenges and Opportunities for climate change mitigation • Mitigation analysis not an end, but as mean to achieve sustainable development goals • Power and transport sectors offer a great promise in African countries

  9. Lessons from Africa case studies (continued) • Results of Mitigation analysis study in Senegal • Sector : Energy • Time horizon : 20 years • Base year : 1995 • Model : LEAP • Baseline scenario : • No specific measure to mitigate GHG emissions • Sector policy considered • Hydroelectricity in 2003 and 2007 • Biomass energy consumption continue

  10. Lessons from Africa case studies (continued) • Mitigation scenario • Increase of natural gas use • Increase of LPG use • Decrease of biomass energy consumption • Mitigation options • Increase of sequestration capacity • Promoting renewable energies • Energy efficiency in industrial sector • CO2 emission saved for energy efficiency • Senelec (393000 Teq CO2) – Sonacos (1 400 000 Teq CO2) • Cost: 12 USD per Teq CO2 – 9 USD

  11. Lessons from Africa case studies (continued) • Main problems for mitigation analysis study • Baseline scenario not include assessment of existing policies and measures • Projection data and parameters based on plans and objectives which need to be updated • Use of statistic methods which are limited for a long term forcasts • Mitigation analysis based on sectoral inventory and not taking into account the cross cutting issues as well as the derived effects • Mitigation options listed without any analysis • GHG emission saved not estimated • Economic impacts analysis weak • Uncertainties not assessed

  12. Capacity Building issues for the preparation of NC in Africa • Context • Lack of specific policy in CC issues • National or regional institutions not flexible to include CC concerns in their mandate or action plans • Availability of technical and sectoral capacities, but not very well involved in CC issues • Turn over of human resources and changes in institutions • Limited Research capacities • Weak collaboration between institutions and not well networking at national, regional and international level

  13. Capacity Building issues for the preparation of NC in Africa (continued) • Capacity Building initiatives in practice • Participation to the UNFCCC process (negociation, subsidiary bodies, review process): Learning by doing and information process • Thematic seminars, confrences, workshops (UNFCCC and other organizations at international or bilateral level) • Collaborative Researches with Annex I institutions, universities, or UN collaborative centres • Specif projects for capacity building (UNDP/GEF, CC:Train) • Enabling activities for the preparation of NC

  14. Capacity Building issues for the preparation of NC in Africa (continued) • Limits • Lack of strategies and specific action plans at national and international level • Initiatives not well coordinated • Short term vision • More focus on activities and agenda seetting • Lack of resources • Limited diversification of target groups • Needs and Priorities of CB not well or systematicaly identified (Donors driven)

  15. Capacity Building issues for the preparation of NC in Africa (continued) • Positive aspects • More interest on CC issues • CC Technical and Information sources well known • Availability of national studies on CC (inventory, mitigation, V&A, CDM and negotiation issues) • Progressive establishment of capacities and excellence centres • Establishment of focal points and concertation mechamisms at national level

  16. Capacity Building issues for the preparation of NC in Africa (continued) Strategy Approach • Institutional CB • Establishment of national and regional capacity nodes Actions • Enhance scientific and technical capacities • Strengthen competent and permanent institutions working on CC issues

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