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A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Protocol for Cooperative Collision Warning

A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Protocol for Cooperative Collision Warning. 指導教授：郭文興 老師 報告學 生：楊舒智 童彥諴. 目 錄. 0. Abstract ( 摘要 ) 1. Introduction ( 介紹 ) 2. Application Challenges ( 應用方面的挑戰 )

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A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Protocol for Cooperative Collision Warning

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  1. A Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Protocolfor Cooperative Collision Warning 指導教授：郭文興 老師 報告學生：楊舒智 童彥諴

  2. 目 錄 0. Abstract (摘要) 1. Introduction (介紹) 2. Application Challenges (應用方面的挑戰) • 2.1 Challenge 1: Stringent delay requirements immediately after the emergency ( 緊急狀況發生時的立刻回應 ) • 2.2 Challenge 2: Support of multiple co-existing AVs over a longer period ( 在更長的時間中支援複數個共同存在的AV ) • 2.3 Challenge 3: Differentiation of emergency events and elimination of redundant EWMs ( 區別緊急事件和過濾掉不相關的EWMs )

  3. 目 錄 3. Related Work ( 相關作業 ) 4. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol ( 車輛碰撞預警的通訊協定 ) • 4.1 Assumptions ( 假設 ) • 4.2 Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs ( EWMs的減少比率運算方法 ) • 4.3 State Transitions of AVs ( AVs的狀態轉變 )

  4. 目 錄 5. Performance Evaluation ( 效能評估 ) • 5.1. EWM Delivery Delay ( EWM的傳送延遲 ) • 5.2. Elimination of Redundant EWMs ( 消除多餘的EWMs ) 6. Conclusion ( 結論 )

  5. Abstract • 車輛之間互相的碰撞警告的通信協定可用來： • 減少致命意外的發生 • 在傳送緊急道路情況的時候降低延遲

  6. Introduction • 提前得知緊急狀況的發生，可降低意外發生的機率

  7. Introduction • 這篇文章主要的貢獻包括： • 確定車輛之間碰撞預警的需求 • 為基於需求的緊急事件警告訊息控制擁塞的問題

  8. Application Challenges • Abnormal Vehicle( AV ) = 動作異常的車輛 • Emergency Warning Messages( EWM ) = 緊急事件的警告訊息

  9. Application Challenges Challenge 1: Stringent delay requirements immediately after the emergency • 在事故發生時，緊急警告訊息應該要馬上被送到AV附近的全部車輛 • V2V的連線品質可能非常差勁

  10. Application Challenges Challenge 1: Stringent delay requirements immediately after the emergency

  11. Application Challenges Challenge 2: Support of multiple co-existing AVs over a longer period • AV和可能互相影響到的車輛共同定義為 AVs • 碰撞預警的通信協議必須能長時間支援許多共存的AVs

  12. Application Challenges Challenge 3: Differentiation of emergency events and elimination of redundant EWMs

  13. Application Challenges Challenge 3: Differentiation of emergency events and elimination of redundant EWMs

  14. Related Work • 控制擁塞的問題 • 訂定Vehicular Collision Warning Communication ( VCWC )協定

  15. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol VCWC協定也包括： • 緊急事件警告的傳播方法 • 司機的自然的反應 • EWM消息的被傳送 • 訊息區分的機制

  16. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Assumptions • 假設每台車都參與合作的碰撞警告 • 每台車輛至少裝有一台無線收發器，並且ad hoc networks由裝有無線收發器的車輛組成。 • V2V的傳送範圍300公尺

  17. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs • EWM的傳送延遲可定為：

  18. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs • Delay wait定義為：EWM被VCWC發送，到它被傳送到無線通道上的時間 • Delay retransmission定義為：直到A車傳的EWM正確的被傳到V車

  19. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs • λ是每個AV的EWM傳輸率的總合 • μ通道服務率

  20. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs • p是一個EWM訊息被正確的傳送到其他車輛的一個機率 • 　是首次的EWM的傳輸率 • 在K次的傳送EWM之後，EWM的傳輸率

  21. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs • 　　　是EWM最大的延遲傳輸率 • 在每L傳送EWMs之後，AV的EWM傳輸率以a分之一被減少

  22. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol Rate Decreasing Algorithm for EWMs

  23. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol State Transitions of AVs • 每台AV有三種狀態 • initial AV • non-flagger AV • flagger AV

  24. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol State Transitions of AVs Transition from initial AV state to non-flagger AV state: • 在下面兩個條件時，initial AV狀態能變成non-flagger AV狀態 • 1、車輛變成AV開始會不斷的發送EWM，接近AV的車輛，有高的機會接收到緊急警告 • 2、EWMs從跟隨者(followers)發出，最初的AV發出的EWMs就是多餘的

  25. Vehicular Collision Warning Communication Protocol State Transitions of AVs Transition from initial AV state to non-flagger AV state:

  26. Performance Evaluation EWM Delivery Delay

  27. Performance Evaluation Elimination of Redundant EWMs

  28. Conclusion • 提出車輛的碰撞警告通訊協議( VCWC )以改善道路安全的問題 • 考慮到擁塞的控制，以縮短緊急事件警告訊息的傳輸延遲，並可同時一次支援多台的AVs • 利用緊急事件的連鎖效應，提出一種可消去多餘的緊急警告訊息的方法

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