1 / 23

GENDER AND MENTAL ILLNESS

GENDER AND MENTAL ILLNESS. RECENT CHANGES. VAST CHANGE IN SOCIAL ROLES 2/3 OF MARRIED WOMEN WORK 60% OF WOMEN WITH SMALL CHILDREN WORK (19% IN 1960) TWO INCOME FAMILIES NORMAL. QUESTIONS. DO WOMEN OR MEN HAVE MORE MENTAL ILLNESS? DO MEN AND WOMEN HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF M.I.?

Download Presentation

GENDER AND MENTAL ILLNESS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. GENDER AND MENTAL ILLNESS

  2. RECENT CHANGES • VAST CHANGE IN SOCIAL ROLES • 2/3 OF MARRIED WOMEN WORK • 60% OF WOMEN WITH SMALL CHILDREN WORK (19% IN 1960) • TWO INCOME FAMILIES NORMAL

  3. QUESTIONS • DO WOMEN OR MEN HAVE MORE MENTAL ILLNESS? • DO MEN AND WOMEN HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF M.I.? • HOW IS GENDER RELATED TO THE TREATMENT OF MENTAL ILLNESS?

  4. GENDER • BOTH BIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY FOCUS ON GENDER AS CONSTANT PROPERTY OF INDIVIDUALS • BIOLOGY - PHYSIOLOGY, HORMONES, REPRODUCTION, ETC. • PSYCHOLOGY - DIFFERENCES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIENTATIONS

  5. SOCIOLOGICAL • DISTRESS ARISES OUT OF ROLES NOT PSYCHOLOGY OR BIOLOGY • POWER, RESOURCES, AUTONOMY ASSOCIATED WITH MALE ROLES • OPPOSITE WITH FEMALE ROLES

  6. SOCIAL ROLES • WOMEN IN TRADITIONALLY MALE ROLES HAVE LESS DISTRESS • MEN IN TRADITIONALLY FEMALE ROLES HAVE MORE DISTRESS • MEN AND WOMEN IN SAME ROLES WILL HAVE SAME DISTRESS

  7. CULTURAL EXPECTATIONS • NOT JUST ROLES BUT EXPECTATIONS OF MEN AND WOMEN IN ROLES • UNEMPLOYED MAN VS. HOUSEWIFE • POWERFUL MAN VS. WOMAN • DISTRESS FROM COMBINATION OF ROLES + EXPECTATIONS

  8. SOCIAL ROLES (GOVE) • RATES OF M.I. HISTORICALLY SPECIFIC NOT UNIVERSAL - CHANGE OVER TIME AS ROLES CHANGE • BEFORE WWII - WOMEN’S ROLES VALUED • RELATIVELY EQUAL RATES OF M.I. • AFTER WWII - HOUSEWIVE ROLE

  9. AFTER WWII • HOUSEWIVE ROLE IS FRUSTRATING, UNDEMANDING, UNREWARDED • WORKING WOMEN FACE ROLE OVERLOAD AND DISCRIMINATION • UNCLEAR EXPECTATIONS

  10. PREDICTIONS • MARRIED WOMEN HAVE MORE DISTRESS THAN MARRIED MEN • SINGLE MEN AND WOMEN EQUAL

  11. MARRIAGE AND DISTRESS • SINGLE MEN AND WOMEN EQUAL • MARRIED MEN < MARRIED WOMEN • IMPORTANCE OF ROLES

  12. DISTRESS, WORK AND MARRIAGE • HOUSEWIVES > DISTRESS THAN WORKING WOMEN • WORKING WOMEN > WORKING MEN • ROLE OVERLOAD • UNEMPLOYED MEN WORST

  13. ROLES ARE IMPORTANT • SAME ROLES, SAME DISTRESS - E.G. SINGLE PEOPLE • MALE ROLESHAVE LESS DISTRESS - EMPLOYMENT, RESOURCES, LESS OVERLOAD • FEMALE ROLES HAVE MORE DISTRESS - NO JOBS, LOWER EARNINGS, MORE OVERLOAD

  14. OPTIMAL MENTAL HEALTH • WOMEN WHO WORK AND HAVE HUSBANDS WHO DO EQUAL SHARE OF CHILD CARE AND HOUSEWORK • JUSTIFYING IDEOLOGIES

  15. MEN'S MENTAL HEALTH

  16. CHANGES OVER TIME • WOMEN > MEN • DIFFERENCES SMALLER NOW • BECAUSE MEN RISING MORE RAPIDLY • WHY?

  17. CHANGES OVER TIME • 1960’S - HUSBANDS WITH WORKING WIVES HAVE MORE DISTRESS • NO LONGER TRUE • 1990’S - HUSBANDS WITH WIVES EARNING MORE THAN THEY DO HAVE MORE DISTRESS (NOW TRUE IN 1/3 OF FAMILIES)

  18. LIMITS OF SOCIAL ROLE THEORY • VERY OVERSIMPLIFIED • NO SEX DIFFERENCES IN PSYCHOSES • STUDIES BIASED BECAUSE ONLY USE FEMALE TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS - USUALLY DISTRESS/DEPRESSION

  19. GENDER AND TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS

  20. TYPES OF ILLNESS • WOMEN = 2/3 OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, DISTRESS, SUICIDE ATTEMPTS • MEN = 2/3 OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG PROBLEMS, 4X SUICIDES • MEN ALSO 5X VIOLENCE, 2X CAR ACCIDENTS • OVERALL RATES EQUAL

  21. REASONS • CULTURAL EXPECTATIONS ABOUT GENDER ROLES • WOMEN INTERNALIZE • WOMEN EXPECTED NOT TO EXTERNALIZE • MEN EXTERNALIZE • MEN EXPECTED NOT TO INTERNALIZE

  22. IMPLICATIONS • MAKES MANY STUDIES OF SEX DIFFERENCES IN DISTRESS HARD TO INTERPRET • SHOULD USE MULTIPLE OUTCOMES TYPICAL OF EACH SEX

More Related