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Air Pollution in UB

UB Atmospheric Science Outreach Club. Air Pollution in UB. <Your Names Here> Dr. Christa Hasenkopf National University of Mongolia & University of Colorado . Dramatic growth in UB. UB - 1990.  20 yrs = 2x population.  Increased energy demands. Photo courtesy : www.everyculture.com.

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Air Pollution in UB

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  1. UB Atmospheric Science Outreach Club Air Pollution in UB <Your Names Here> Dr. Christa Hasenkopf National University of Mongolia & University of Colorado

  2. Dramatic growth in UB UB - 1990 20 yrs = 2x population Increased energy demands Photo courtesy: www.everyculture.com UB - 2010 Photo courtesy: Hunter Causey

  3. Environmental Consequences! Dangerously high particulate matter levels! Photo courtesy: Dr. Dennis Ojima Photo from: http://urbanemissions.blogspot.com

  4. What is Particulate Matter? Dust Bioaerosol Volcanoes IkhNartiinChuluu Nature Reserve Research Camp, April 2005 Bacteria Combustion Sources Mt. St. Helens, 1980

  5. PM comes in a range of sizes Fine Human Hair PM10 (Diameter ≤ 10μm) ~ 50 μm PM2.5 (Diameter ≤ 2.5μm)

  6. PM and Health Effects Very large > PM10 WHOestimates the total number of PM-related deaths to be approximately 2.5 million/year world-wide. Coarse PM: 2.5 μm< PM < 10 μm Fine PM: PM 2.5 μm

  7. Pandey et al. (2006) Kan et al. (2009) Lodoysamba et al. (2010) What we know about UB air pollution WHO air quality guideline for PM10 annual mean: 20 μg m-3

  8. Sources Fine Fraction (PM2.5) – The harmful stuff! High Temperature – Power Plants Low Temperature Combustion High Temperature Coal Combustion Low Temp – Ger stoves and garbage Photo courtesy: Dr. Dennis Ojima From: Davy, Gunchin, Markwitz, Trompetter, Barry,Shagjjamba, and Lodoysamba(2011)

  9. And one last way…. = having ? cigarettes smoked in your home over 24 hrs? ~60 VolumeApt ~ 300 m3

  10. A 2011 study3 estimates that 10%of all deaths in UB are due to outdoor air pollution. What are the Health Effects of PM in UB?

  11. Clearly, Air Pollution in UB is a serious issue. On to the Activity! • Let’s do a powerful calculation that will let YOU communicate to others how serious a problem it is.

  12. Today’s Activity You will figure out: How much PM10 do UB residents inhale in 1 year? Brainstorm – what are some of the things we need to know to figure that out? Annual Average PM10 in UB is approximately: 250 μg/m3 (1 μg = 1/1,000,000 g)

  13. Things we’re going to need to know: × × How many breaths do you take / year? Yearly average: PM10 ~ 250 μg/m3 How much air do you breathe / breath? ? × = How much particulate matter (smoke, dust) is inhaled by UB residents! How many people live in UB?

  14. Step 1: How to convert to grams? Answer: 0.000250 g/m3 OR 2.5 x 10-4 g/m3 Yearly average: PM10 ~ 250 μg/m3

  15. Step 2: As a sphere: Approximate the balloon: π*diameter Circumference = • = 2*π*radius If you know the circumference of your balloon, what is the radius?

  16. Step 2: (continued) As a sphere: Approximate the balloon: Volume = 4/3*π*radius3 If you know the radius, you can now calculate the volume of your ballon.

  17. Answers × × Answers WILL vary based on your assumptions! ~7.5 million breaths/year Yearly average: PM10 ~ 250 μg/m3 0.5 liters/breath × = of soot inhaled by UB residents in 1 year! > 1.1 million people

  18. Extra Slides

  19. Natural factors Ulaanbaatar Los Angeles Mexico City Denver, Colorado Kabul <Pollution is trapped>

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