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Risk and Protective Factors: Important Considerations in Teen Pregnancy and

Risk and Protective Factors: Important Considerations in Teen Pregnancy and HIV/STD Prevention Programs Jamie L. Keith, Executive Director Alabama Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. Louisiana School Climate Institute Shreveport, LA June 4-6, 2013. Topics covered.

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Risk and Protective Factors: Important Considerations in Teen Pregnancy and

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  1. Risk and Protective Factors: Important Considerations in Teen Pregnancy and HIV/STD Prevention Programs Jamie L. Keith, Executive Director Alabama Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy Louisiana School Climate Institute Shreveport, LA June 4-6, 2013

  2. Topics covered • Louisiana Pregnancy, Birth and YRBS Data • Evidence-based prevention programs • Risk and protective factors • Behavior-Determinant-Intervention logic model • Intervention Activities • Beyond today

  3. Louisiana Statistics ‘10. . . Pregnancy rate by age group • 36 (ages 15-17) • 118 (ages 18-19) • 70 (ages 15-19) Number of births by age group • 121 (ages <15) • 2,189 (ages 15-17) Rate: 23.5 • 5,500(ages 18-19) Rate: 81.0 • 7,689 (ages 15-19)Rate: 47.7 http://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/adolescent-health-topics/reproductive-health/states/la.html

  4. Some related news. . . Predicted results from the 2009 Louisiana Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) (2011 data unavailable) % who have ever had sex LA 55/US 46 % who had sex before age 13 LA 10/US 6 % who had sexual intercourse with four or more persons LA 21/US 14 % who did not use a condom at last sex LA 41/US 39 http://lphi.org/CMSuploads/Sex-Risks-75990.pdf

  5. Evidence-Based Prevention Programs • Also referred to as • Research Proven Programs • Science-based Programs • Best Practice Programs • Use a logic model to link health goal to interventions • Rigorously evaluated to show behavior change Module 2

  6. Logic Models A logic model is a tool that helps program developers identify the causal pathways between health goals and interventions in a strategic, purposeful and scientific way Interventions Health Goal

  7. BDI Logic Model (created from Right To Left) Step 4 Step 3 Step 1 INTERVENTIONS DETERMINANTS BEHAVIORS HEALTH GOAL What are the program activities that can be implemented to address the determinants? What are the determinants (risk and protective) factors that influence the behaviors? What are the behaviors that directly relate to the specific health goal? What is the specific health goal your program will address? Step 2

  8. Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors Delaying the age of sexual intercourse Increasing Correct and consistent use of condoms and contraception Decreasing the numbers of sexual partners Decreasing the frequency of sex

  9. Risk and Protective Factors • More than 500 factors are known to increase (risk factors) or decrease (protective factors) the chances that teens will engage in risky sexual behavior • Some factors involve sexuality directly; others affect sexuality indirectly

  10. Four Broad Factor Areas • Individual biological factors • Disadvantage, disorganization, and dysfunction in the lives of the teens themselves and their environments • Sexual values, attitudes, and modeled behavior • Connection to adults and organizations that discourage sex, unprotected sex, or early childbearing

  11. Factors Difficult to Change • Factors that are extremely difficult, or somewhat difficult for most organizations to change unless special programs have been implemented: • Biological factors • Family structure • Teens’ attachment – or lack thereof – to others • Other risk behaviors – drugs, alcohol, violence

  12. What factors influence adolescents’ decisions about sex? • 2Which of these factors can be altered or addressed in a school or community-based organization setting?

  13. Factors Amenable to Change • Factors that are most amenable to change by organizations accustomed to addressing reproductive health • Sexual beliefs • Sexual values • Attitudes, skills and behaviors regarding having sex, using condoms and other methods of contraception

  14. Linking Factors to Activities • Build knowledge • pregnancy and STIs • condoms and contraception • Address attitudes • peer group norms • beliefs related to sex, condoms, relationships • Enhance skills • effective communication • goal setting and planning • condom use

  15. Beyond today. . . • Data tells us that adolescents are sexually active • We must be thoughtful and deliberate in assessing, selecting and implementing programs that are evidence-based and have characteristics of effective programs • Engage the community: school administrators, local health officials, parents, youth, etc to implement what will work in preventing teen pregnancy, STD and HIV/AIDS among our adolescents

  16. Alabama Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy 412 N. Hull Street Montgomery, AL 36104 334-265-8004 www.acptp.org Resources Healthy Teen Network 1501 Saint Paul St., Ste. 124 Baltimore, MD 21202 410-685-0410 www.healthyteennetwork.org

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