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Nervous System

Nervous System. By Katie Ust. Function. Control the body Sends messages from one cell to others and from one part of the body to another. Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Central Nervous System. Peripheral Nervous System. Nerves and ganglia outside of the spinal chord

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Nervous System

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  1. Nervous System By Katie Ust

  2. Function • Control the body • Sends messages from one cell to others and from one part of the body to another

  3. Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Nerves and ganglia outside of the spinal chord Connects the central nervous system to limbs and organs • Integrates information it receives • Coordinates the activity of all parts of the body • Includes the brain and spinal chord

  4. How Nerve Impulses Work • Initially, your nerves are polarized because Na+ is on the outside of the cell wall and K+ is on the inside • While the neuron is inactive and polarized it is at it’s resting potential. • When a stimulus reaches the neuron, ion channels open allowing Na+ ions inside the cell which causes depolarization.

  5. (Cont.) • Once polarization is removed the cell’s threshold is reached. • Stimulus goes above the threshold level and more Na+ ions move in. The neuron is completely depolarized, action potential is reached, and the impulse is sent through another neuron. • The refractory period occurs when ion pumps close and Na+ and K+ return to their normal sides.

  6. Neurotransmitters At Synapse • Neurotransmitters are released by a neuron • They then bind to and activate receptors of another neuron at synapse, which occurs when action potential is reached.

  7. Alzheimer’s Disease • Alzheimer’s is a disease caused by shrinkage mainly of the front and temporal lobes. • It causes memory loss, dementia, and can be very serious or mild, varying case to case. • Medications are sometimes used to slow Alzheimer’s, but there is no cure for the disease.

  8. Broca Aphasia • This disease is caused by damage to the lower part of the left frontal lobe • Broca Aphasia impairs speech, and sometimes causes complete loss of speech. • It can be helped with speech therapy, but there is no cure.

  9. Sources • Dummies.com/how-to/content/understanding-the-transmission-of-nerve-impulses.html • Sci.uidaho.edu/med532/Broca.htm • Sci.uidaho.edu/med532/Alzheimers.htm

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