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Chapter 3 – Perfect and Perfect Progressive Tenses

Chapter 3 – Perfect and Perfect Progressive Tenses. GW 4. Chapter 3. Present Perfect have/has + past participle Present Perfect Progressive have/has + been + verb + ing Past Perfect had + past participle Past Perfect Progressive had + been + verb + ing. Present Perfect #1.

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Chapter 3 – Perfect and Perfect Progressive Tenses

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  1. Chapter 3 – Perfect and Perfect Progressive Tenses GW 4

  2. Chapter 3 • Present Perfect • have/has + past participle • Present Perfect Progressive • have/has + been + verb + ing • Past Perfect • had + past participle • Past Perfect Progressive • had + been + verb + ing

  3. Present Perfect #1 Situations that began in the past and continue up to now. Since+ specific point in time (e.g. 2002, last May, 5pm) OR time clause I have been a teacher since 2002. Situation = being a teacher Time frame= from 2002 to now I have known Mary sinceI was in high school. time clause: since I was in high school. For + length of time (e.g. two months, three years) My sister has known Mary for five years.

  4. Present Perfect #2 Events that have or haven’t happened before now. The exact time is unspecified. ????? Use adverbs: ever, never, yet, still, already • Jack has already finished his homework. • I have never seen snow. • I still haven’t seen the movie.

  5. Present Perfect #3 3. Events that have occurred many times from a point in the past up to the present time. • We have had three tests so far this quarter. • I have met many people since I came here. Event: taking tests; meeting many people Time frame: from the beginning of the quarter until now; since I came here Do Ex. 4 & 5

  6. Exercise 4, p. 39 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. for 6. since 7. for 8. since

  7. Exercise 13 p. 44 • has never seen • saw • had; went • haven’t had • has been • was • has just occurred; occurred • have gotten; saw; have also gotten • have already taken**; took • have known • knew

  8. Present Perfect Progressive The duration (how long) of an activity that began in the past and continues to the present. Time Expressions – since, for, all day, all morning, all week • I have been studying since 11 am. • I have been studying for two hours! • It has been raining all day!

  9. Non-Progressive verbs (p. 16) Present Perfect is used for Non-Progressive verbs (p. 16) • I’ve knownMaria since she was a child. For some not all verbs, the idea of how long can be expressed by both tenses. Verbs that happen regularly, usually, or habitually: e.g. live, work, teach, study, wear glasses, play soccer • I have lived in Irvine for two years. (Pres Perfect) • I’ve been living in Irvine for two years. (PresPerfProg)

  10. Present Perfect Progressive When the tense is used without mention of time, it expresses a general activity in progress recently. • Jason has been thinking about looking for a new job. He doesn’t like his job now. Do Ex. 16 & 17, 19, 21 #1

  11. Exercise 16 p. 47 2. is reviewing; has been reviewing 3. is standing; has been standing 4. has been playing 5.have been practicing 6. have been sleeping

  12. Exercise 17 p. 47 • Present Perfect Progressive: • Tom has been fixing the coffee table. • Tom has been cooking. • Tom has been vacuuming. • Tom has been memorizing 10 words. • Simple Past: • Tom fixed the coffee table yesterday. • Tom cooked yesterday. • Tom vacuumed yesterday. • Tom memorized 10 words yesterday. • Present Perfect: • Tom has just fixed the coffee table. • Tom has just cooked. • Tom has just vacuumed. • Tom has just memorized 10 words.

  13. Exercise 19 p. 48 4.  has been waiting  5.  have liked   (NON-ACTION - NOT PROG)  p. 16 More NON-PROG. Verbs 6. has been watching 7. has been teaching/has taught (can use both) 8. have been playing;  has been playing/has played

  14. Write… • Write about your first day in this class. • What did you see, hear, feel, think? (Simple Past). Then write about what you have done and have been doing in this class since the first day. (Present Perfect/Present Perfect Progressive)

  15. Past Perfect • An activity that was complete before another activity or time in the past. Ann left at 9:30. Sam arrived at 10:00. 1 2 • Ann had already left when Sam arrived.

  16. Past Perfect 1. Main clause: Past Perfect 2. Adverb clause: By the time… Simple Past 2 1By the time Sam arrived, Mary had already left. By the time I came to class, the teacher had already given the homework.

  17. Before & After Past Perfect is not necessary because the time relationship is clear. Sam had left before Ann got there. • Sam left before Ann got there. After I had taken a shower, I went to bed. • After I took a shower, I went to bed.

  18. Reported Speech • Commonly used with verbs like: tell, say, found out, learn, discover Jenny said “I lost my keys”. Jenny said that she had lost her keys.

  19. Exercise 23 p. 51 2. felt; had taken/took 3. had already given; got 4. was ; had stopped 5. roamed; had become; appeared 6. never saw/had never seen; visited

  20. Past Perfect Progressive How long an activity was in progress before another activity or time in the past. Not common. • I had been waiting for my friend since 4:30. She finally arrived at 6:00. • The police had been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him.

  21. Past Perfect Progressive Ex. 29 I have been working outside for almost an hour. It’s hot. I think I’ll go inside. I had been working outside for almost an hour. I got too hot and came inside. I have been waiting for Jack since 5:00. I’m still here! I had been waiting for Jack since 5:00. Then I left.

  22. Reported Speech: Liasaid: “I have been waiting for your call.” Use Past Perfect Progressive: Lia told me that she had been waiting for my call.

  23. Exercise 30 3.  have been studying  4. had been studying 5. had been daydreaming 6. have slept/ have been sleeping

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