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Challenges in Recruiting and Retaining Secondary School Teachers in Africa

This session at the ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa explores the challenges and approaches to expanding learning opportunities in Africa beyond primary education. It focuses on the need for realistic recruitment and training of teachers, specific policies for rural schools, building rewarding careers for teachers, addressing the shortage of math and science teachers, and the role of head teachers.

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Challenges in Recruiting and Retaining Secondary School Teachers in Africa

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  1. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Session 6D: Teacher Issues Recruiting and retaining secondary school teachers Presenter: Aidan Mulkeen Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  2. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 1. Need to plan for teacher supply • Supply often out of balance • Planning for each subject • Need information on:Attrition and wastage • Weak regulation mechanisms Supply Wastage Attrition Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  3. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 2. Need for realism in recruiting and training those who will take teaching jobs • Are the university-trained teachers really going to take the jobs in rural schools? • Can diploma teachers be helped to teach to upper secondary? • How can we help the primary teachers who teach in secondary schools? Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  4. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 3. Specific policies are needed to get teachers in rural schools • Deployment of qualified teachers is uneven • and will probably get worse • Incentives and housing • Policies of family friendly posting • Targeting to build capacity in the community Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  5. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 4. Building a rewarding career is the key to retention. • Need structures that reward quality and effort. • Qualification based career structures can provide perverse incentives. • Rewards are not all financial • Success • Professional engagement, mentoring etc. Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  6. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 5. There is a specific problem in supply of mathematics and science teachers. • A vicious cycle • Multi layer solutions • Extra efforts at school level • Booster courses in training colleges Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  7. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa 6. Head teachers play a vital role. • A good school has a good head teacher • Need to professionalize • Selection of head teachers • Training of head teachers • Management of head teachers Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

  8. ADEA 2008 Biennale on Education in Africa Beyond Primary Education: Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Africa Thank you Beyond Primary Education: Challenges of and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in AfricaAssociation for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA)Biennale 2008 on Post-Primary Education

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