Download
1 / 9
90 likes | 224 Views
Formation of terms. Introduction 2) Methods similar to the definitions 3) Types of definitions 4) Instructions for the correct definition 5) Failings in definitions. Scientific Terms – The Semantic Triangle. subject. chooses depend from interests and purposes. uses. means.
E N D
Formation of terms • Introduction • 2) Methods similar to the definitions • 3) Types of definitions • 4) Instructions for the correct definition • 5) Failings in definitions
Scientific Terms – The Semantic Triangle subject chooses depend from interests and purposes uses means sign, symbol word sign, symbol word complex of characteristics complex of characteristics reflects things, characteristics and relations names object
Methods similar to the definitions • to refer to typical "things" that are covered by the term, • and also cite such things which are not covered 2) To designate sub-groups of the term 3) to describe typical external characteristics 4) use of analogies 5) Clarification of the term by using the word
Structure of definitions logical subject ------------- logical predicate about this expression this expression makes the a statement is made statement about the logical subject Definiendum = Definiens Definiendum: Expression, which is to be defined Definiens: Expression, which defines the Definiendum
Types of definitions Definitions nominal definitions declarations about the word, sign or symbol real definitions declarations about the objects of the term syntactical nominal definition declarations about the replaceability of the word semantical nominal definition declarations about the meaning of the word synthetic-semantical nominal definition determination about the meaning of the word analaytic-semantical nominal definition detection of the usual meaning of the word
Possibilities of real definitions 1. Indication of the parts from which objects are composed 2. Indication of the nature of a thing 3. Indication of genesis or the causes
Instructions for the correct definition 1. Definiendum and Definiens must have the same extent. 2. A spezialized definition happens by indication of generic terms and the distinctive characteristics. 3. A definition must not contain a circle. 4. A definition must not only be negative. 5. A definition must not be contradictory. 6. In a definition must not be a term in different meanings are used. 7. Free variables in the definiendum, must also occur free in definiens. 8. In the definiens for all expressions the meaning must be known.
Failings in definitions 1. A nation is the set of all people who speak the same language. 2. Squares are called the rectangular parallelograms. 3. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that consciousness is primary and the matter is secondary and everything exists only in human consciousness. 4. The physics is the science of physical laws. 5. A movement is uniform if and only if it is not non-uniform. 6. With the term "conveyor technology" we summarize all machinery, equipment and devices for handling of goods and persons.
Formation of terms - Examples 1. A measuring system consists of sensors, transducers, transmission channel and output. 2. Knowlege and cognitive abilities are cognitive personality traits. Settings are no cognitive personality traits. 3. A variable is usually a letter, which marks in an expression a place of reservation for certain things. 4. A circle arises, when you're in the same distance from a point draw a line. 5. Heat is the kinetic energy of molecules. 6. Cast iron is a ferrous material with a carbon content above 2%, once solidified, without heat treatment is no longer mechanically deformable.
