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LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES

LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES. by James K. Gasana. ITTO’S TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION PROGRAM. DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COOPERATION IN PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION. SYMETRIC IMPLEMENTATION: Peru/Ecuador (Cordillera del Condor); Malaysia/Indonesia (Lanjak Entimau WS/Betung Kerihun NP).

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LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES

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  1. LAW ENFORCEMENT IN CONSERVATION RESERVES by James K. Gasana

  2. ITTO’S TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION PROGRAM

  3. DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COOPERATION IN PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SYMETRIC IMPLEMENTATION: Peru/Ecuador (Cordillera del Condor); Malaysia/Indonesia (Lanjak Entimau WS/Betung Kerihun NP) ASYMETRIC IMPLEMENTATION:Thailand/Cambodia (Pha Taem) ONE-PARTY INITIATIVES:Cameroon/Gabon (Mengamé); Congo/CAR/Cameroon (Nouabale-Ndoki) DORMANT INITIATIVES:Cambodia/Vietnam (Mondulkiri PA); Peru/Brasil (Alto Purus Forest Reserve); Gabon (Minkebé PA).

  4. KEY ISSUES ADDRESSED BY ITTO TBC PROJECTS LACK OF ADEQUATE GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK TO MANAGE POLITICALLY FRAGMENTED ECOSYSTEMS WEAK COOPERATION TO SOLVE TRANSBOUNDARY PROBLEMS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN COMBATING FOREST CRIMES

  5. COMMON ILLEGAL ACTS IN THE CONSERVATION RESERVES Incompatible management within adjacent concessions Illegal logging Illegal activities within adjacent concessions Cross-border timber transport

  6. COMMON ILLEGAL ACTS IN THE CONSERVATION RESERVES Encroachment in the reserves Trade of protected species Conversion to other land uses Poaching

  7. ITTO’S SUPPORT TO MEMBER COUNTRIES AT BINATIONAL LEVEL PROBLEM ADDRESSED: Lack of or weak cooperation for TBC EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS: Establishment of bi-national cooperation mechanisms: technical task-forces, PSCs Joint actions: scientific expeditions, joint border patrol strategy, …

  8. ITTO’S SUPPORT TO MEMBER COUNTRIES AT NATIONAL LEVEL TWO MAJOR PROBLEM ADDRESSED: Weak presence to implement management and law enforcement activities Weak law enforcement and lack of management activities

  9. WEAK PRESENCE TO IMPLEMENT MANAGEMENT AND LAW ENFORCEMENT EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS: Strengthening field management units: infrastructure, equipment, capacity building, management planning… Equipment and training Field Infrastructure

  10. WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS: Consultation with community groups to assess the needs, build awareness and develop stewardship

  11. WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES EXAMPLES OF SUPPORTED ACTIONS: Improving communities’ livelihoods Indigenous fruit production in the buffer zone Fish harvested in tanks Production of orchids in adjacent villages

  12. WEAK LAW ENFORCEMENT AND LACK OF MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES SPECIAL CASE OF A PROJECT IN CONGO: Supporting the partnership “Concessionnaire – WCS – Government” for compatible management and law enforcement in areas adjacent to a National Park EXAMPLES OF ACTIONS: • Obtain commitment of concessionnaire to timber certification; • Zoning for differentiated management; • Management planning; • Law enforcement to protect wildlife; • Monitoring system • Community development.

  13. CONCLUSION SUCCESSFUL LAW ENFORCEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY ECOSYSTEM RESERVES DEPENDS ON: Strong high-level political commitment Formalization of cooperation modalities (ex. Peace treaty between Peru and Ecuador) Involvement of the civil society in implementation Scientific basis for management planning Development of community stewardship

  14. Thanks!

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