1 / 29

Chapter 11 Business & Technology

Chapter 11 Business & Technology. Business Essentials  Mrs. Wilson. BEFORE ACTIVITY – Think-Write-Pair-Share. Why is it easier to manage information with computers than without computers?. 11-1 Computer Systems.

kathy
Download Presentation

Chapter 11 Business & Technology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 11Business & Technology Business Essentials  Mrs. Wilson

  2. BEFORE ACTIVITY – Think-Write-Pair-Share • Why is it easier to manage information with computers than without computers?

  3. 11-1 Computer Systems • In this lesson, an overview of computer systems, along with various software applications, is presented.

  4. Computers in Society • Computers are everywhere! • Grocery stores, retail stores, schools, offices, homes • Computers in business are used to store, process, and report information • Nearly every business uses some type of computer • A company needs quick, efficient processing to control its operating costs, manage resources, and stay competitive • Each day in banks, stores, offices, factories, homes, and non-profit organizations, the use of computer systems is expanding • Managers must decide how best to use technology to serve the needs of the organization

  5. Computers in Society • Computer system – the combination of an input device, a processing unit, memory and storage facilities, and an output device • Videos gaming systems, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and automated highway toll collection systems all are examples of computer systems • A computer system has 4 basic components: • Input device – mouse, keyboard, microphone • Processing unit – ‘brain’ of the computer • Memory & storage – RAM, ROM, hard drive • Output device – monitor, printer, speakers

  6. Computers in Society • Hardware – the physical elements of a computer system • Examples: keyboard, mouse, camera, speakers, printer • Hardware is constantly changing and expanding • Most computers today can handle sound, graphics, animation, and video • Built-in cameras • Software – refers to the instructions that run the computer system • Businesses commonly use several types of software • Examples: word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, and communication programs

  7. Computers in Society • Computers in businesses and schools are commonly linked together in a computer network • Organizations link computers together so users can share hardware, software, and data • The Internet is the largest and best known computer network in the world • The Internet is most often used for 2 activities: • The exchange of email • Accessing the Word Wide Web

  8. Input & Processing • The first major component of a computer system is known as input • Data is entered into a computer system with an input device • The keyboard and mouse are common input devices • Other input devices are often used for specific activities: • Touchpads & touch-sensitive screens • Controllers & joysticks • Light pens • Scanners • Voice-activated systems • Microphones & cameras

  9. Input & Processing • How does the data entered by the use of an input device become meaningful information? • The 2nd major component of a computer system is the processing unit • Processing occurs in the central processing unit (CPU) • CPU – the control center of the computer, ‘brain’ of the computer • In a personal computer, the CPU consists of tiny wafers or chips • These chips carry instructions and data using electronic pulses

  10. Input & Processing • The most common way to give instructions to a computer is with a program – a series of detailed, step-by-step instructions that tell the computer what functions to complete • The 2 main types of computer programs: • Operating system software – translates commands and allows application programs to interact with the computer’s hardware • What is an example of an operating system? • Application software – programs that perform specific tasks • What is an example of application software?

  11. Input & Processing Types of Application software: • Word processing – allows a user to enter, store, revise, and print text • Examples: reports, letters, memos, forms • Desktop publishing – includes graphics software to prepare charts, graphs, and other visual elements • Examples: newsletters, brochures, business cards • Database software – an organized collection of information with data items related to one another in some way • Examples: iNow • Spreadsheet – formats data in columns and rows in order to do calculations • Examples: payroll records, financial statements, budgets, grades • Presentation software – allows a speaker to show text, data, photos, and other visuals • Examples: presentations for school, work, clients

  12. Memory & Output • The 3rd major component of a computer system is memory • When in use, a program is stored in the computer’s memory • This memory within the computer is also called internal or primary storage • During processing, both the program and any data entered with an input device are stored in memory

  13. Memory & Output • Primary storage cannot hold all of the programs and all of the data needed by computer users • Therefore, external or auxiliary storage that is not part of memory is available for storing both programs and data • A hard disk (or hard drive) is housed inside the computer allowing storage of billions of characters • CDs, DVDs, and flash drives are examples of commonly used auxiliary storage devices

  14. Input & Processing • The final component of a computer system is known as output • This element is of greatest interest to most people • Your score on a video game, the results of a test, or the sales for a new product are important outcomes of data processing activities • There are 4 common types of output: • Text output • Graphics output • Audio output • Video output • Output devices present data in a form that can be retrieved later or may be communicated immediately • Common output devices are monitors, printers, and speakers

  15. Let’s Review! • Give an example of an input device. • Give an example of an output device. • What are the 2 main types of computer programs? • 1 million bytes = a __________

  16. 11-2 Business Applications of Technology • Management information systems and other uses of technology, including e-commerce, are discussed in this lesson.

  17. Management Information Systems • Managers need information to make business decisions • Management Information System (MIS) – a coordinated system of processing and reporting information in an organization • The 4 main components of an MIS are: • Gathering data • Analyzing data • Storing data • Reporting results • These activities allow an organization to obtain needed information in 4 main categories: • Financial information (p275) • Production & inventory information • Marketing & sales information • Human resources information

  18. Management Information Systems • The information for an MIS comes from several sources: • External data sources are outside an organization • Examples: Financial institutions, government agencies, & customers • Internal data sources provide input from within the organization • Examples: accounting records, inventory information, & company sales figures • The operation of the MIS involves the following steps: • Identify the information needs of the organization • Obtain facts, figures, and other data • Process, analyze, and organize data in a useful manner • Distribute information reports to those who make decisions • Update data files as needed • Computer networks are often used in an MIS to distribute information to managers, employees, and others

  19. Technology in Service Industries • More than 60% of workers in the U.S. are employed in service industries • Public Service • Government agencies use computers to keep records (IRS, military, Social Security) • Education • Computers have become vital teaching devices in schools and offices • Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) – the use of computers to help people learn or improve skills at their own pace • Health Care • Computers widely used in hospital and other medical facilities • Uses range from keeping patient records to monitoring medications during surgery • Financial Services • Electronic banking and other financial services have made it possible for consumers to do business beyond usual banking hours • Examples: Paying bills online, checking your credit report, and selling stocks and bonds

  20. E-Commerce • E-commerce – refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology • Have you ever bought or sold an item online? • Almost every function of a company has been adapted to e-commerce • The most common e-commerce activities include: • Providing product information • Promoting a company • Selling online • Conducting market research • Making payments • Obtaining parts and supplies • Tracking shipments • E-commerce opens up opportunities to companies previously limited by geographic or financial restrictions

  21. Let’s Review! • What is the 1st component of a management information system? • What is the use of computers to help people learn or improve skills at their own pace? • What is e-commerce?

  22. 11-3 Other Technology Issues • This lesson considers some of the workplace and personal applications of technology, along with various social concerns.

  23. Workplace Technology • Computers are present in almost every business situation • They help improve efficiency and productivity • Robotics – mechanical devices programmed to do routine tasks, such as those in many factories • Example: assembly line work that requires repetitive tasks – see video! • Early robots did only simple tasks such as tightening a bolt on an automobile • Today, robots exist that can see, hear, smell, and feel • Robots can work 24 hours a day • They can work in dangerous situations • The use of robots is also growing to include automated checkout clerks, airline ticket agents, and hotel desk clerks

  24. Workplace Technology • Telecommuting – involves the activities of a worker using a computer at home to do a job • Telecommuting saves travel time and costs • It results in less traffic along with reduced noise and air pollution • What would be some disadvantages to the employer and employee?

  25. Home & Personal Technology • Computers not only change the way you work, but technology also affects almost all aspects of life • School & homework (p282) • Home robotics • Household record keeping

  26. Social Concerns of Technology • New technology will continue to expand the potential uses of computers in business • New software will eliminate some jobs while increasing job growth in others • Expanded computer use has resulted in concerns about health and safety, criminal activities, and privacy • Employment trends • Many people think computers are taking away their jobs • What is actually occurring is a shift in the job duties and skills needed to work in business and industry • Computer literacy is vital to each person’s economic survival • Health concerns • Some people encounter discomfort resulting from on-the-job activities • Examples: eyestrain, vision problems, muscle tension, nerve damage, carpal tunnel syndrome

  27. Social Concerns of Technology • Computer crime • Widespread computer use has led to an increase in white-collar crime – illegal acts carried out by office or professional workers while at work • Workers may steal money, information, or computer time through improper use of databases or illegal access to computer systems • Piracy – stealing or illegally copying software packages or information • Computer virus – program code hidden in a system that can later do damage to software or stored data • Privacy concerns • Identity theft has become a major concern for consumers and companies • Thieves obtain information online about a person

  28. Let’s Review! • What is telecommuting? • How have computers affect our lives at home? • What are some examples of concerns with the use of technology today?

  29. AFTER ACTIVITY – Review & List • List the 4 basic components of a computer system. • Identify each of the following items as hardware or software: • Monitor • Word processing program • Chips • Keyboard • Operating system program • Disk drive • Mouse • Printer

More Related