The Enlightenment Ideas of Democracy

1. The Enlightenment Ideas of Democracy

2. Annotated Timeline CoveringSelf-Government • Governments • House of Burgesses • Parliament • Glorious Revolution • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • Iroquois Confederation • Albany Plan of Union • Documents • Magna Carta • Mayflower Compact • English Bill of Rights • Events • Salem Witch Trials • Town Meeting • Philosophy • Social Contract Theory • Common Law • The Enlightenment • Natural Rights • People • Thomas Hobbs • John Locke • Jean-Jacques Rousseau • Baron de Montesquieu

3. Self Government Timeline 1600 1700 1215 1300’s 1619-20 1638 1688-92 1720 The Enlightenment

4. Self Government Timeline 1600 1700 1215 1300’s 1619-20 1638 1688-92 1720 The Enlightenment Common Law English Bill of Rights Fundamental Orders of Conn. Glorious Revolution Virginia House of Burgesses Magna Carta Iroquois Confederation Mayflower Compact Parliament Salem Witch Trials

5. Signed in 1215 • The first time the King was not above the law. • Rule of Law = the idea that every citizen is under the law. • The first time the people were recognized with some rights. These rights came from the document the citizens forced the King to sign called the English Bill of Rights. Magna Carta

6. Created the 1300’s. • The English Legislature. • Legislature = A group of people who make laws. • Because English people began to get to make laws, the colonist wanted the same thing. Development of Parliament

7. By the 14th Century, Courts in England were referring to similar past cases and following the previous decision of judges. Precedents = previous cases that establish a ruling. We now do the same thing. Common Law

8. Jamestown, Va. 1619 First represented democracy or elected legislative body in the New World. Was the pathway to a representative democracy in the United States. House of Burgesses

9. Plymouth, Mass. 1620 On the way to the New World, the Pilgrims all signed a compact (Social Contract)agreeing that they all would participate in the lawmaking decisions (Direct Democracy). This led to the town meeting, mainly in New England, and direct participation that still exist in the Northeastern United States. Mayflower Compact

10. Salem Witch Trials • Feb 1692 Mass. • Salem girls accuse African girl of witchcraft. • Puritans fearful of death and Indians so hysteria set in. • Name others to save yourself. • Accused the governor’s wife. • 9 hanged, 150 imprisoned.

11. The Enlightenment Period Locke Montesquieu Rousseau Believed in the Social Contract between the government and the people Believed that men had natural rights and should be allowed to govern themselves. Believed that government should be divided into 3 components – legislative, executive and judicial

12. Document giving the English people certain rights not previously acknowledged by the government. • It provided that the monarch (king or queen) could not… • Levy taxes • Maintain an army • Interfere with elections or debates • Take away the right to petition the govn’t • Take away the right to a speedy, impartial trial • Give excessive fines or cruel and unusual punishment. English Bill of Rights

13. Iroquois Confederation • Great Council, an unbiased 3rd party made decisions for 2 parties were arguing. • Representative Gov’t- Chiefs from 6 tribes made decisions for whole group, representation.

14. Led by Thomas Hooker, the settlers of Connecticut drew up the first successful written Constitution of modern times. It permitted all land owning males to elect a legislature, which in turn would choose a governor. This implied that the government’s power came from the people (consent of the governed) and should express the will of the majority. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut