Chapter 2

1. Chapter 2 Population

2. Family Size • How many children (if any) do you want to have? • How many siblings do you have? • How many do your parents have? • Any trends??? • Explanations???

3. Key Issues • 1) Where is the world’s population distributed? • 2)Where has the world’s population increased? • 3) Why is population increasing at different rates in different countries? • 4) Why might the world face an overpopulation problem?

4. Case Study: Population Growth in India p.46 • Why does the Indian gov’t hope that women will have LESS babies than their mothers? • Write 2 more questions about the reading on your post-it note (at least one should be able to be answered from the readign)

5. Demography • The study of population characteristics • Age, gender, occupation, fertility, health, etc • Describe the demographics of Kennedy High School • Why do administrators & teachers study the demographics?

6. Key Issue 1Where is the world’s population distributed? • Make a prediction • What areas of the world are most populated?The least? • The location of Earth’s _____billion people forms regular distributions • Click Here for Current Population

7. Population Concentrations • 2/3 of world’s population is in 4 regions • East Asia • South Asia • Southeast Asia • Western Europe

8. Southeast Asia South Asia Western Europe East Asia

9. Population Cartogram

10. Activity • Label the most populated regions on your map • Use colored pencils to shade in each region as we talk about it • Use the front & back of your map for note-taking

11. 4 most populous regionsE Asia, SE Asia, S Asia, W Europe • Similarities: • Most live near ocean or a river with access to ocean • Low-lying areas, fertile soil, temperate climate • Most in Northern Hemisphere (SE Asia exception) • WORLD POPULATION • 2/3 live within 300miles of ocean (6hrs drive) • 4/5 live within 500 miles of ocean

12. East Asia: 1/5 of world’s population • Label & Color • Eastern China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan • China: world’s most populous country, 3rd largest in area • Population clustered near Ocean and river valleys (Huang & Yangtze) • 2/3 of population in rural areas, farmers • Japan, South Korea • ¾ of population live in urban areas

13. South Asia: 1/5 of world’s population • Label & Color • India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka • India: 2nd most populous country • Heavily populated near Indus and Ganges Rivers and on India’s coastlines (Bay of Bengal & Arabian Sea) • Most in rural areas, farming

14. South East Asia: 4th largest population • Half billion people • Islands between Indian and Pacific oceans • Indonesia: 4th most populous country (Java: largest population), Sumatra, & Philippines • Large population of farmers

15. Europe: 3rd largest population cluster • Four dozen countries • Monaco 1sq km (.7miles), to Russia (largest country) • ¾ of population live in cities, less than 20% farmers • Concentrations near industry: England, Germany, Belgium • Can’t produce enough food for inhabitants • Import foods, led to exploration/colonization

16. Other Population Clusters • North Eastern United States (2% of pop) • Urban dwellers, less than 5% farmers • South Eastern Canada • West Africa • Nigeria • Most work in agriculture

17. Sparsely Populated • People avoid living in extreme areas (elevation, climate, precipation, etc) • Ecumene: portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent settlement • Increased over thousands of years (Why?) • ¾ of population live on 5% of Earth’s surface • Oceans make up about 71% of Earth

18. Ecumene

19. Sparsely Populated Regions • Dry Lands: 20% of Earth too dry for farming ex: Sahara • Wet lands: near Equator of South America, Central Africa & SE Asia. Rain & heat deplete nutrients in soil • Cold Lands: North & South poles: permafrost • High Lands: mountains are steep & snow covered. Ex: Switzerland half of land occupied by only 5% bc of elevation • Exceptions occur to escape temps & precip (Mexico City 7,360ft)

20. Population Density • Number of people occupying an area of land • Arithmetic Density • Physiological Density • Agricultural Density

21. Arithmetic Density • Most common (population density) • Total number of people divided by total land area • United States 300 million, 3.7million sq miles • About 81 per sq mile • Asia has high arithmetic density • Canada has low arithmetic density

22. Physiological Density • Number of people per unit area of arable land • Egypt is 6682 per sq mile • US is 445 per sq mile • Egypt has to support more people off same amt of land • Shows relationship of population compared to availability of resources

23. Figure 2-5 • Looking at the Physiological Density of the world, which of the 4 most populous regions of the world has the highest numbers? What does that mean? • How does the United States compare?

24. Agricultural Density • Ratio of number of farmers to amount of arable land • Why does US have low agricultural density (1 farmer/sq km) compared to Egypt (826 farmers/sq km)? • MDCs have more technology (more efficient) • Fewer people needed to farm • Allows remaining population to work elsewhere

25. Key Issue 1 SummaryWhere is the world’s population distributed? • Summary: Global population is concentrated in a few places. Human beings tend to avoid those parts of Earth’s surface that they consider to be too wet, too dry, too cold or too mountainous. The capacity of Earth to support a much larger population depends heavily on people’s ability to use sparsely settled lands more effectively.

26. Review • Where is the world’s 4th largest concentration of people? • What is physiological density? • How can you describe a country with a lot of arable land a small amount of farmers? • What types of regions do people avoid? • What area is an exception?

27. Review • How would you describe a country with a physiological density larger than it’s arithmetic density? • What are the four types of land that lie outside of the ecumene