Key Topic

1. SOL 6a Key Topic Federalism The Constitution establishes a division of power between the national and state governments is about… Main idea Main idea Main idea Nat’l gov’t powers State gov’t powers Shared powers Concurrent powers Reserved powers Supreme power Powers expressed or implied Powers not given to the nat’l gov’t are reserved for state governments Powers shared by nat’l gov’t and state gov’ts Foreign policy- wars, treaties Public health Enforce laws Regulate Commerce-trade Public safety- police Establish courts Public welfare- education, elections Regulate currency- money Collect taxes So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) The Constitution denies or limits powers to both the national government and the state governments.

2. The FRAME SOL 6a Key Topic State Government is about . . . The 10th amendment to the U.S. Constitution states that powers not given to the Federal government are reserved for the states Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea Main responsibility Public education Conduct elections Main Idea Transportation Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details Elementary schools Local Public health Build roads Secondary schools Maintain roads State Public safety State colleges Public transportation Public welfare National So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) Under the federal system of government the national government and state governments have some separate and some shared powers.

3. SOL 6b, 7b Key Topic State Executive The FRAME Routine is about… Virginia’s governor,Tim Kaine,receives his powers from the Virginia Constitution Main Duty Budget Main idea Main idea Appoints Prepare biennial budget Carry out, execute Cabinet officials Approved by General Assembly Lieutenant Governor and Attorney General elected Enforce Va. laws Influence legislation Main idea Main idea Grant Pardons Administer State bureaucracy Overturn jail sentence of criminal State of the Commonwealth speech Reduce jail sentence of criminal Approve or veto legislation Departments, offices and agencies So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) The powers and responsibilities of state governors are similar to the powers and responsibilities of the president

4. The FRAME Key Topic SOL 6b, 7a State Legislature is about . . . Virginia’s legislature, the General Assembly, makes laws for the state of Virginia Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea 2 house legislature Derive Power from Main Idea Lawmaking process Powers Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details U.S. Constitution Bill idea proposed by governor, citizen, interest group Bicameral Make Va laws 10th amendment House of Delegates Appoint Va. judges/justices Bill introduced Constitution of Va Committee studies bill Article IV Virginia Senate Approve biennial budget Expressed Floor debate Other house Override gubernatorial veto Bill sent to governor: sign or veto Implied So What? (What’s important to understand about this?) The powers and lawmaking process of the General Assembly are similar to the powers and lawmaking process of Congress

5. The FRAME Key Topic SOL6a, 8ab State Judiciary is about . . . The organization and jurisdiction of the Virginia Court System are derived from Article VI Constitution of Va. and state laws Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea Court of Appeals of Va General District Court Virginia Circuit Court Main Idea Virginia Supreme Court Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details If unhappy with ruling in Circuit Court Hearings Trial court Court of final appeals 1 Judge 7 Justices 1 Judge 11 Judges No jury No jury Jury No jury Appellate and limited original jurisdiction Original jurisdiction Original jurisdiction Felony criminal Appellate jurisdiction Civil >$4500 Civil <$4500 Power of judicial review over General Assembly and Governor Appellate jurisdiction Criminal misdemeanor Appeals from General District Court and Juvi The state judiciary decides when laws have been broken by citizens of Virginia and whether state laws agree with the Constitution of Virginia.

6. The FRAME Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court Key Topic Key Topic SOL 8a Magistrates is about . . . Are part of the Virginia Court System Are part of the Virginia Court System Essential details Essential details Judicial officers Juvenile: Under 18 years old Review complaints of police, sheriff,or citizens Juvenile delinquent: Juvenile who commits an act that would be a crime if they were an adult Issue search and arrest warrants Set bail or commit to jail Hears cases involving juvenile delinquents or children in need Issue summons for misdemeanors Goal of court is to rehabilitate not punish Order for defendant to appear in court Issue subpoenas Order to appear in court as a witness So What? Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court and the Magistrate are located at the York-Poquoson Court House with General District Court and Circuit Court

7. The FRAME Routine Key Topic SOL 6a,b Local Government is about… Powers of local governments are derived from the state Main idea Main idea Main idea Executive branch Legislative branch Judicial branch Essential details Board of Supervisors York-Poquoson Court House County Administrator Elected by York County residents General District Court Hired by Board of Supervisors Makes ordinances for York County York County Circuit Court Prepares York County budget Juvenile and Domestic Relations Court Collects York County taxes Regional Magistrate- Williamsburg So What? Local governments effect our everyday life: schools, services and ordinances