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UNIT1

UNIT1. SECTION A. Time. Time. Time. Time- Conscious Americans. Background information. Warm-up activities. What idioms do Chinese people have about time? What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture?. Time works wonders. Time tries truth.

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UNIT1

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  1. UNIT1

  2. SECTION A Time Time Time Time- Conscious Americans

  3. Background information Warm-up activities • What idioms do Chinese people have about time? • What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture?

  4. Time works wonders. • Time tries truth. • Time is the best healer. • Time and tide wait for no man. • All time is no time when it is past.

  5. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture • ___________ is based on individualism. • _______________ adventurous and exploration based. • ____________ based on masses (collectivism). • _________ focuses on balance and mean. • ________ pays homage to heaven and earth

  6. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture Attempting to resolve people and nature's relationship ______ culture is based on science. ________ attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one.

  7. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture To resolve people's relationship, ______ culture uses law. ________ uses ethics and tolerance .

  8. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture To resolve human and spiritualism relationship, ______ culture uses 'god' and religion . ________ emphasizes internal cultivation .

  9. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture As to ways of expanding, ______ culture expands and develop outwards. ________ expands internally rather than outwards.

  10. What are the major differences between Chinese and western culture • Western culture is based on individualism rather than on mass (collectivism). For instance, in the US, you always talk about individual rights, instead of placing the whole society above your own self. This is clearly different in China where a country, society or families are placed above your own self.

  11. Western culture is adventurous and exploration based. Westerners like to discover new things, invention and expand outwards. For instance, bungee jumping is considered adventurous and common in western culture, but you will probably find no-one doing such a thing in China.

  12. Western culture is based on science, which attempts to resolve people and nature's relationship. • West uses law to resolve people and people's relationship. You can never find 'law' well-established in China. For 2000 years, China is a land that's based on human relationship rather than law.

  13. West uses 'god' and religion to resolve human and spiritualism relationship. In case of problems with your own self, you just pray to god. • A culture that expands and develop outwards.

  14. Chinese Culture • A culture based on masses (collectivism). People placed country and family above their own self. • A culture that is based on humanism and people. • To resolve the relationship between man and nature, the Chinese attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one (天人和一). • To resolve people and people's relationship, Chinese uses ethics and tolerance (中恕之道). • To resolve human and spiritualism, Chinese emphasizes internal cultivation (修身养性).

  15. A focus on balance and mean. By 'mean', it means 'middle way'. You don't go into extremism. Peace is always honored. • Pay homage to heaven and earth, as well as bearing a remembrance to the homeland. (敬仰天地,思乡怀土) This was accorded to the fact that Chinese had been a farming civilization and therefore will be more prone to remember their land. • A culture that expands internally rather than outwards.

  16. Some of the disadvantage of old Chinese culture: • Debase women and chauvinistic • An over-emphasis on past history • instead of present (lacks pragmatism)

  17. Text Structure • Question (Para.1) • What are the two things Americans try to save? • Time and labor

  18. The ways Americans save time include: (Para. 2-7) Way 1 They treat time seriously. Way 2 They do everything in a hurry. They start talking business quickly. Way 3 They use modern devices to communicate with each other efficiently. Way 4

  19. Conclusion:different ideas (Para.8) To successfully solve a problem and to fulfill a job with speed is taken by ________ as a sign of skillfulness Americans being competent The _________ consider it proper to _________________ foreigners take time doing things.

  20. Translation&Paraphrase

  21. I. Paraphrase 1. Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. (L1) Americans think no one keeps motionless, everyone moves and advances. If you are not moving ahead, you will become further behind.  ①become bit by bit further behind  ②(with) fail to produce sth. at the proper time

  22. 后置定语 2. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. (L2) ①commit sb./sth. to (doing) sth. ②commit oneself to sth. —devote to (doing) sth. As a result of this attitude, Americans tend to devote their time and energy to researching, experimenting and exploring. Practice

  23. B Decide your choice and tell why: • Everybody ______ on earth is pulled downwards by the earth. A. located B. locating • The gardens ________ with beautiful flowers sparkled in the heavy dew. A. crowding B. crowded • He didn’t wish it ___________ . A. mentioned B. mentioning B A

  24. 3. They’ll miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. (L23) They’ll be sad because they’ll not have the usual exchanges that go with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee. These exchanges may be a common and regular practice on similar occasions in their own country.

  25. be able to do 4. In the U.S., however, it’s taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. (L51) In the U.S., however, if you can solve a problem or do a job quickly, you will be considered as a person having skill or ability.

  26. only II. Translation 1. We are slaves to nothing but the clock. (L5) 译文: 只有时间才能支配我们。 more: slave to drink; slave to money

  27. 伴随状语 3. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting teleconferences to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally. (L40) 译文: 然而现在人们越来越多的是在电视屏幕上见面，开电信会议不仅能解决本国的问题，而且还能通过卫星解决国与国之间的问题。

  28. Word Using

  29. fall behind sb./sth.(L1) ① become bit by bit further behind e.g. If you’re not moving ahead, you’refalling behind. Translation 他在英语方面一直落后于同组同学。 Key He’s beenfalling behindhis group members in English.

  30. fall behind with sth. ② fail to produce sth. at the proper time e.g. fall behindwith the rent Translation 我工作拖下来了，我得想办法赶上。 Key I’mfalling behind withmy work; I must try to catch up.

  31. to be slaves to… (L. 5)受······支配 A man of strong will feels in control of his own life while a man of weak will feels himself to be a slave to his fate. 意志坚强的人主宰自己的人生，而意志薄弱者甘愿受命运摆布。

  32. result in(L2) cause, have as a result, lead to e.g. The accident resulted in the death of two people. Translation 做事不先考虑总是会失败的。 Key Acting before thinking alwaysresults infailing. *result from —be caused by, because of Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成泡影。

  33. account for(L6) ① give a satisfactory explanation for … e.g. The man couldn’taccount forthe fact that the money was found in his house. Translation 珍妮不得不向父亲说明每一个便士是怎么花的。 Key Jenny had toaccount to her fatherfor every penny she spent.

  34. account for ②be a proportion of sth. e.g. North Sea oil accounts for a high proportion of our trade earning. Translation 女生占我们班一半人数。 *phrases: on account of 由于; on no account 绝不；take account of = take … into account 考虑到 Key Girlsaccount forhalf of the class.

  35. count(L9) vi. If sth. counts, it’s important or valuable; vt. calculate e.g. We want every minute to count. Translation 考试前，每一秒钟都很重要。 Key Every minutecounts before the exam. *phrases: count in 把 ……算入；count on/upon = rely on 指望；count out 逐一数出；count up 总计

  36. convention(L24) n. customary practice 习俗，惯例 e.g. Conventionnow allows women to smoke in public. Translation 男子在正式场合穿西装是一种惯例。 Key It’s theconventionfor men to wear suits on formal occasions.

  37. much less(L28) still less, let aloneand even less likely 更不用说 e.g. They’re always short of water to drink, much less to bathe in. Translation 这位老人几乎不能行走，更不用说跑了。 Key The old man can hardly walk,much lessrun.

  38. given + noun (L35)= (given thatclause) prep. taking into account e.g. Given her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her. Translation 考虑到他们缺乏经验,他们算做得不错了。 Cf. Giventhat they’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job. Key Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.

  39. be worthy of(L50) deserving 值得 e.g. It seems as if the task were not worthy of proper respect. Translation 他值得我们表扬。 Question What is worthy ofyour working hard? Key He is worthy ofour praise.

  40. worth, worthy句型差别 be worth + n. = be worthy of +n. be worth doing = be worthy of being done cf. of being done. sth. is worthy to be done.

  41. Assignment • Learn Section A with the help of the website. • Finish the exercises to Section A

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