Health Planning

2. Health Planning

3. Planning • An act of formulating a program for a definite course of action • The process of setting goals, developing strategies, and outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the goals.

4. Planning is deciding in advance • what to do? • how to do? and • who is to do it? Planning bridges the gap between where we are and where we want to go It makes possible things to occur which would not otherwise occur.

5. Planning is for tomorrow • Management is for today • Planning includes 3 steps • Plan formulation • Implementation or Execution • Evaluation • No planning No Development

6. Purpose of planning • Efficiency • Effectiveness

8. Plan • A scheme, program, or method worked out beforehand for the accomplishment of the goals

9. Elements • Objectives • Policies • Programs • Schedules • Budget

10. Dictated by • Central policies • National policies • Local health need (HNA) • Man power • Pressure • Local • National • Political

11. Types of plans • Strategic: What and Why, that give us a sense of direction and vision for achieving our objectives; • Operational: How, When, Where and Who show us the process of achieving these objectives..

12. Health Planning Orderly process of • defining community health problems, • identifying unmet needs and surveying resources to meet them, • establishing priority goals, and • projecting administrative action to accomplish the purpose of proposed programs

13. Health Planning (Keilman’s Def) • Health Planning is the identification and elaboration ( within existing resources ) of means and methods for providing in the future, effective health care relevant to identified health needs for a defined population.

14. AIM • The ultimate aim of health planning is to maintain and improve the health status of a given community. • Planning that has the goals of improving health, improving accessibility to health services, and promoting efficiency, equity, quality in the provision of services and resources on a comprehensive basis for a whole community.

15. Health Planning Process The Planning Cycle It is a systematic process, which enables managers/providers to determine how resources are used in relation to achieving their goals and objectives. It consists of a series of steps:

16. Planning Cycle

17. 1.Analysis of health situation • Demography • Statistics of morbidity and mortality • Epidemiology • Medical care facilities • Manpower (HR) • Technical facilities • Attitudes and beliefs

18. 2. Establishment of goals, objectives and targets Goal: • Ultimate desired state • Described in terms of what is to be attained

19. Objective should be SMART • S • M • A • R • T

20. Target: • A discrete activity • Degree of achievement • Concerned with factors involved in a problem

23. 3. Assessment of resources • Manpower • Money • Materials • Skills and knowledge • Time

24. 4. Fixing priorities • What determines priorities? 5. Write formulated plans • Detailed detecting input and output • Contained working guidance for execution • Evaluation should be built in

25. 6. Programming and implantation • Assign and fix responsibilities • Define roles and tasks • Selection, training, motivation and supervision • Organization and communication • Efficiency of health institutions

26. 7. Monitoring continues process of observing, recording and reporting on the activities of the organization or project 8. Evaluation measures the degree to which objectives and targets are fulfilled and the quality of results obtained

27. Steps of evaluation • Evaluation of what • Standards and criteria • Methodology • Information • Analysis • Action • Re-evaluation

29. Donabedian Model – Evaluation

30. Elements of evaluation • Appropriate • Adequate • Available • Accessible • Acceptable • Efficiency • Effectiveness

31. Health Problem: High Maternal Mortality • Service inputs: • Antenatal care • Equipment, Well trained staff, TT,iron pills, weighing scale etc. • Service distribution: Walk of one and half hrs maximally to utilize the service. • Service output: (Quantity and quality) • No. of pregnant women visiting for antenatal care • No. of pregnant women given TT

32. Support services: • Transport, regular drug supply, record, repair and maintenance. • Management and organization All the systems are working efficiently (day to day and overall evaluation). • Service outcome : Reduction in Maternal mortality leading to improvement in health of women.