3.04 Sensory structures, functions and disorders of the tongue and skin

1. 3.04 Sensory structures, functions and disorders of the tongue and skin 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

2. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system • Essential Questions • What are the functions of the sensory system? • What are some disorders of the sensory system? • How are sensory system disorders treated? • How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

3. Structures of the tongue 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

4. Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

5. Understanding the functions of the tongue • Gustatory receptors (*taste buds-the papilla on the tongue) Can you identify the cranial nerves? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

6. Taste Trivia Did you know??? • An adult has on average 9,000 taste buds (a child even 10,000) • More buds means the individual perceives more types of taste • The spicy foods (like chili peppers) stimulate the pain receptors, not the taste buds 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

7. Structures of the tongue: taste buds • Did you know… • eating chocolate makes the brain produce natural opiates • Produces a sense of well-being • Reduces pain • Makes you happy! Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

8. Trivia Tongue Did you know… Taste is the weakest of the five senses We have almost 10,000 taste buds inside our mouths; even on the roofs of our mouths Everyone’s tongue print is different similar to fingerprints 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

9. Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

10. Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

11. Structures of the tongue: taste buds Agreeable or disagreeable? Identify the taste bud. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

12. Understanding the functions of the tongue Salty Sour Sweet Bitter Umami NEW! Taste 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

13. Sense of Taste What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

14. Understanding the functions of the tongue Taste Activity Do you like all of your taste buds? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

15. Disorders of the tongue Glossitis-inflammation of the tongue • Gloss itis • What causes glossitis? Exposure to irritants (burn, spicy foods, tobacco, etc., virus or bacteria • What are the benefits of good oral hygiene in treatment and prevention of glossitis? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

16. Disorders of the tongue Strawberry tongue due to scarlet fever What are other causes of strawberry tongue? Vitamin deficiences, toxic shock syndrome How is it treated? Eliminate the cause, antibiotics, avoid additional irritation How are disorders of the tongue relevant to taste?

17. Disorders of the tongue: *Thrush-yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the tongue *Who gets it? Common in people with suppressed immune systems (babies, chemotherapy, AIDS, etc.), people on antibiotics for a long period of time Treatement: Antifungal medications How are disorders of the tongue relevant to health? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

18. The Skin 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

19. Structures of the skin • Epidermis layer-outer layer • Dermis layer-inner layer; “true skin” • Subcutaneous layer-connective tissue and stored fat. • Touch receptors • Tactile corpuscles located in the skin • Temperature sensors • Pain receptors 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

20. Understanding the sensory functions of the skin Touch • Tactile corpuscles (receptors) • Temperature sensors • Pain receptors • Referred pain • Phantom pain 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

21. Understanding the functions of the skin Discuss the importance of touch. Touch 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

22. Understanding the functions of the skin Touch Activity Guess what’s in the bag? Shhh… 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

23. Disorders of the skin How do you think the disorders of the skin pictured impact the sensory function of the skin? Burns Dermatitis (1st, 2nd, 3rd degree) 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

24. Disorders of the skin • Psoriasis-chronic inflammatory skin disease • with silvery patches • Urticaria-itching skin usually with the development of hives or welts and usually caused by an allergic reaction • *Phantom pain- • common following an amputation; • the patient may complain of their foot, • toes, itching and/or hurting when they • are no longer there. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

25. Structures of the sensory system Did you know….. • Our eyes are always the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing! 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

26. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system • Essential Questions • What are the functions of the sensory system? • What are some disorders of the sensory system? • How are sensory system disorders treated? • How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system

27. 3.04 Sensory functions and disorders of the tongue and skin The End 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system