Figures from Chapter 4

1. Figures from Chapter 4

2. Figure 4.1 Cumulative curves of species description and fitted models of four of the five size...as zero. From Medellín & Soberón (1999).

3. Figure 4.2 Steps in producing hypothetical distribution maps, illustrated (panels a–d) for a species... square. From Hopkins (2007). (See Plate 4.2 for a colour version of these images.)

4. Figure 4.3 Known and unknown plant diversity of the Amazon Basin, based on...Amazon Basin are shown in grey. From Hopkins (2007). (See Plate 4.3 for a colour version of these images.)

5. Figure 4.4 Distribution map...Reproduced from Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R. & Junikka, L. (eds), Atlas Florae Europaeae (AFE) 13, 2004, by permission of the Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe and Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo.

6. Figure 4.5 Typology and biocultural context of extinction: (a) Linnean extinction...(f) true extinction (contemporary and historic). From Ladle and Jepson (2008).

7. Figure 4.6 The distributions of two plant...for P longifolia. From Kunin, W.E. (1998) Extrapolating species abundance across spatial scales. Science, 281, 1513–1515. Reprinted with permission from AAAS. .

8. Figure 4.7 Map of claimed distributions of the cryptozoogeographical entity known as bigfoot (sasquatch), based on ‘encounters’ from...lower elevations. From Lozier et al. (2009, their Figure 1).

9. Figure 4.8 Predicted distributions of the cryptozoogeographical entity known as bigfoot (sasquatch) constructed from all available...in the model. From Lozier et al. (2009, their Figure 2).

10. Figure 4.9 A summary of proposed regional boundaries...represent the desert boundaries based on earlier work by F Shreve (see Hafner & Riddle (in press) for source references). .

11. Figure 4.10 A brief history of biogeographical regions. (a) the floral...affinities in revising regions (but see Kreft & Jetz, 2010). Parts (a) and (b) from Cox (2001); (c) from Morrone (2002).

12. Figure 4.11 The distribution of biomes (major ecosystem types) as a function of water and energy regimes globally...This version is from Lomolino et al. (2006).

13. Figure 4.12 Distribution of land biomes. From Lomolino et al. (2006).

14. Figure 4.13 An example of the US National Vegetation...vegetation types. From http://biology.usgs.gov/ npsveg/nvcs.html (retrieved January 2004).

15. Figure 4.14 A map of anthropogenic biomes...and others. Source: Alessa & Chapin (2008), after Ellis & Ramankutty (2008). (See Plate 4.14 for a colour version of this image.)

16. Figure 4.15 Partial illustration of eco-biogeographical classification schemes...based on expert regional advice. (See Plate 4.15 for a colour version of these images.)

17. Figure B4.1a Rabinowitz’s seven forms of rarity. Species in the (eighth) upper left cube at the front...of rarity: small geographic range, narrow habitat breadth and low local density. Taken from Ricklefs (2000).

18. Figure B4.1b Structure of the IUCN Red List. Re-drawn from www.redlist.org/ version 2.3.