BBI 2421 General Writing Skills Course Introduction

1. BBI 2421 General Writing Skills Course Introduction BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

2. FauziahHanim Ahmad Shaari B13, 2nd Floor, SanggarBahasa, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my / 019 9329753 IrdaHidayah Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication irda_guidance@fbmk.upm.edu.my BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

3. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

4. Course Content Sentence Structure Paragraph Writing Essay Writing BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

5. Sentence Structure Clauses: dependent & independent Types of sentences: simple, compound, complex Sentence errors: fragment, run on, comma splice & parallel structure Conjunctions: coordinating & subordinating Grammar: subject-verb/noun-pronoun agreement Mechanics: punctuations BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

6. Paragraphs Format of a paragraph Types of paragraphs Paragraph outline - Topic sentence - Controlling idea - Supporting details - Conclusion Unity Coherence BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

7. Essays Format of an essay Thesis statements Supporting details Concluding paragraph Unity Coherence Citation format References BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

8. Mid semester examination 25 marks Final examination 30 marks Coursework 45 marks Coursework Writing Assignments 1 (A1) 15 marks Self Directed Learning Portfolio (SDL) 10 marks Writing Assignments 2 (A2) 20 marks BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

9. Assignment 1 Writing Assignment 1 (A1) - Letter to the Editor Content: Selected newspaper article used Paragraph Outline Draft 1 Peer editing form Draft 2 Self editing form Final Draft (clean copy to be marked) Arial 11 or Times New Roman 12, 1.5 spacing, Cover page (Please refer to Tugasan@ppl) Due Date: 12 August 2011 BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

10. Self Directed learning (SDL) Content: Weekly online assignment (to be done throughout the 1st half of the course) - Please refer to Tugasan@ppl * ensure a proper cover page * please print the exercises that you have done. Photocopied exercises are not accepted. * ensure the exercises are correctly arranged (Week 1, etc.) * each week SDL work should be clearly separated using a divider. * to be submitted together with A1 (bind together) Due Date: 12 August 2011 BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

11. Writing Assignment 2 – Academic Essay Content: Please refer to Lecture 2 (Perjumpaan 2) * ensure a proper cover page Arial 11 or Times New Roman 12, 1.5 spacing Due Date: 23 September 2011 BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

12. Sentence Structure: Phrases & Clauses A Phrase? A group of words without a SUBJECT and a VERB In the morning A long time ago Several hours later / At the far end of the room Ten minutes ago / around the corner BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

13. Clause? A group of words containing a SUBJECT and a VERB Sheis here. When wevisited the farm. The studentsare listening. Until I get my salary. Lindajots down notes during the lecture. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

14. Class practice Tommy is here. Several hundreds years ago in Malacca. When I come home. Because the nurses care. Behind my back. They went scuba-diving. A beautiful morning. Rahim and Suzie are planning to attend the party. Although we managed to escape the fire. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

15. Answer Key Tommyis here. (C) Several hundreds years ago in Malacca. (P) When Icome home. (C) Because the nursescare. (C) Behind my back. (P) Theywent scuba-diving. (C) A beautiful morning. (P) Rahim and Suzieare planning to attend the party. (C) Although wemanaged to escape the fire. (C) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

16. Types of Clauses Independent Clause (IC) a complete sentence - the sentence contains a S + V + Complete thought / idea Tommyis here. Theywent scuba-diving. Rahim and Suzieare planning to attend the party. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

17. Dependent Clause Dependent Clause (DC) An incomplete sentence - The sentence contains a S + V but the thought/ idea is incomplete When Icome home. (DC) so what? incomplete idea Because the nurses care. (DC) so…? incomplete idea Although wemanaged to escape the fire. (DC) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

18. A dependent or Independent Clause? Tina cries. Tina and Sam cry. Tina kissed and hugged me. Tina and Sam kissed and hugged me. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

19. Answer Key Tinacries.(IC – a complete sentence) Tina and Samcry. (IC- a complete sentence) Tina kissed and hugged me. (IC – a complete sentence) Tina and Sam kissed and hugged me. (IC- a complete sentence) An Independent clause = A complete sentence Sentence: A group of words containing a subject, a verb, and a complete thought / idea BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

20. Type of Sentences Simple Sentence S = S + V Tinacries. S = S + S + V Tina and Samcry. S = S + V + V Tina kissed and hugged me. S = S + S + V + V Tina and Sam kissed and hugged me. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

21. Compound Sentence IC + IC Annabought several flowers. S + V (IC) Simple Annasent them to her mother. S + V (IC) Simple Annabought several flowers and sent them to her mother. S + V + V (simple sentence) Annabought several flowers, and shesent them to her mother. S + V, S + V (compound sentence) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

22. We cannot wait any longer in this dangerous place. S + V (IC) simple We and the rest of the teamhave to move now. S + S + V (IC) simple Wecannot wait any longer in this dangerous place, so we and the rest of the teamhave to move now. IC + IC (compound) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

23. Using conjunctions to form a compound sentence Annabought several flowers, andshesent them to her mother. Wecannot wait any longer in this dangerous place, sowe and the rest of the teamhave to move now. so, and Coordinating conjunctions BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

24. Coordinating Conjunctions (CC) , for , and , nor , but , or , yet , so FANBOYS (Short Words) *check out your textbook (pg 189) for more examples BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

25. Coordinating Conjunctions (Long words) Conjunctive Adverbs ;therefore, ;however, ;whereas, ;consequently, ;moreover, ;furthermore, *check out your textbook (pg 189) for more examples BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

26. More Examples Iran very fast. Imissed the train. Iran very fast; however,Imissed the train. I ran very fast, but I missed the train. Theyshould go. Theyshould never return. Theyshould go, andtheyshould never return. My childrenadmire me. Ifeel proud of myself. My childrenadmire me; therefore,Ifeel proud of myself. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

27. Complex Sentence IC + DC Annabrought several flowers. (IC) When shevisited her mother. (DC) Annabrought several flowers whenshe visited her mother. (IC DC) WhenAnnavisited her mother, shebrought several flowers. (DC, IC) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

28. Many of the victims died because they did not receive medical attention early. Because the victims did not receive medical attention early, many of them died. I will return the books whenyou return my cds. Since Rob moved to Canada, Christina has become very temperamental. We bumped into Ningas we were leaving the café. When, since, as Subordinating Conjunctions BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

29. Subordinating Conjunctions (SC) As, When, While, Since, Although, Though Even though, Because, Until Till, Where, As if, Before, Unless Whether, Whenever *check out your textbook (pg 189) for more examples BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

30. Sentence Errors Fragment When was riding home last night, he saw a strange object. (missing subject) People in KL always in a hurry. (missing verb) Until I am cured. (incomplete thought / idea) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

31. Repairing Fragments Add a subject When Rony / He / The man was riding home last night, he saw a strange object. Add a verb People in KL are always in a hurry. Complete the sentence. Add IC. I will not lose hope until I am cured. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

32. Sentence Errors Comma-splice I drove fast, I missed my flight. Idrove fast, Imissed my flight. (Two complete sentences (IC) combined using merely a comma) Soniafeels hungry, sheeats several slices of bread. Ihave won a car from BSN, Iam excited. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

33. Repairing a comma-splice error Add CC to form a compound sentence. I drove fast, but I missed my flight. I drove fast; however, I missed my flight. Add SC to form a complex sentence. I missed my flight though I drove fast. Though I drove fast, I missed my flight. Place a full-stop or a semicolon. I drove fast. I missed my flight. I drove fast; I missed my flight. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

34. Sentence Errors Run-Ons I drove fast I miss my flight. (Two complete sentences (IC) joined as one sentence without a conjunction or proper punctuation) Ritafeels thirsty shebuys two cans of orange juice. Wewere lost wewere not worried. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

35. Repairing a Run-Ons Wewere lost wewere not worried. Add CC to form a compound sentence. We were lost, yet we were not worried. We were lost; however, we were not worried. Add SC to form a complex sentence. Although we were lost, we were not worried. We were not worried although we were lost. Place a full-stop or a semicolon. We were lost. We were not worried. We were lost; we were not worried. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

36. Sentence Structure Parallelism I enjoy reading and to plant flowers. I enjoy readingand planting flowers. She is friendly, nice and loves to help others. She is friendly, nice, and helpful. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

37. Paragraph Writing A collection of 5-12 sentences Focuses on ONE topic Contains a topic sentence (ts) *a good ts contains a clear controlling idea Contains 2-3 points to support the topic sentence Several sentences to support (explain, elaborate) the points Usually ends with a concluding sentence (cs) BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

38. How do we a paragraph? Select An Interesting Topic Create a Focus Write the Topic Sentence Draw an Outline Write the Paragraph Edit & Revise the Paragraph BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

39. Select a Topic Dr Mahathir Computer games Exercising Camping BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

40. Create a Focus Dr Mahathir life/ success/ personality/ contributions/ influence/ beliefs Computer games disadvantages/ types/ software/ cost/ addictions Exercising danger/ reasons/ benefits/ equipment/ types Camping reasons/ benefits/ difference/ cost/ equipment/ location BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

41. Write a clear topic sentence. Include a controlling idea. Dr Mahathir - influence Dr Mahathir is a very influential man. Computer games - addictive Playing computer games can be addictive. There are four causes of addiction to computer games among teenagers. Jogging – benefits Many people enjoy jogging to gain these benefits. Camping - best holiday Camping is the best form of holiday for these reasons. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

42. Draw an outline • Camping is the best form of holiday for these reasons. • P1 P2 P3 • Get in touch poor telephone Cheap • with nature reception • direct access to -enjoy a truly relaxing -doesn’t cost • natural surrounding holiday much to rent • -bath in cold river, -no one can call. a camp site • breathpure mountain forget work problems - RM100-200 • air and listen to for a hotel • birds chirping tent =RM10 • CS: In short, these are why everyone should go camping. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

43. Draw an outline Camping is the best form of holiday for these reasons. P1: Get in touch with nature sd: direct access to natural surrounding sd:. bath in cold river, breathpure mountain air and listen to birds chirping P2: poor telephone reception Sd: enjoy a truly relaxing holiday Sd: No one can call, forget work problems P3: Cheap Sd: doesn’t cost much to rent a tent and a camping site Sd: RM100 to RM200 for hotel, RM10 or less for a tent CS: In short, these are why everyone should go camping. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my

44. Camping is the best form of holiday for these reasons.Firstly, it allows you to get in touch with nature.Unlike other typical holidays, camping gives you a direct access to the natural surrounding. You can actually bath in the cold river, breath pure mountain air, and listen to birds chirping as you relax in your tent.Next, as telephone reception is poor in many camping grounds, you can enjoy a truly relaxing holiday.No one from the office can call you, so you can forget your work problems for a while. Lastly, it is also cheap.It doesn’t cost much to rent a tent and a camping site. If you normally pay RM100 to RM200 per night for a hotel room, you only need to pay RM10 or less to rent a tent a night.In short, these are why I believe everyone should opt for a a camping trip. BBI2421/PJJ/fhas@fbmk.upm.edu.my