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Contribution from EMEP-MSC W modelling to Expert Group on Particulate Matter

Contribution from EMEP-MSC W modelling to Expert Group on Particulate Matter. Leonor Tarrasón and David Simpson EMEP/MSC-W. 2 nd meeting of the EG on PM , 7-8 November 2005. London, UK. Outline : Key questions on transboundary PM characterisation from EG Chairs.

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Contribution from EMEP-MSC W modelling to Expert Group on Particulate Matter

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  1. Contribution from EMEP-MSC W modelling to Expert Group on Particulate Matter Leonor Tarrasón and David Simpson EMEP/MSC-W 2nd meeting of the EG on PM , 7-8 November 2005. London, UK

  2. Outline: Key questions on transboundary PM characterisation from EG Chairs • To what extent is PM a transboundary pollutant? • Which components of PM have a significant transboundary element? • Are primary PM emissions important in transboundary pollution? • What are the important emissions sources of transboundary PM? • What are the key sources of primary PM emissions? • Is PM a hemispheric pollutant? • Where are the main uncertainties in modelling transboundary PM? Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  3. To what extent is PM a transboundary pollutant? Both fine and coarse PM has a significant transboundary contribution. Differences among countries mostly due to their size and position downwind In Europe. EMEP Unified model calculations 1997 meteorological conditions Calculations based on 2010 CAFÉ Baseline emissions Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  4. Which components of PM have a significant transboundary element? All PM components have a significant transboundary element. Example of concentrations of SIA, primary fine particles and primary coarse particles at different countries due to 1 kton emission of German precursor gases and primary PM emissions in the projected chemical situation in 2010 CLE and using 1997 meteorological conditions for the transport. Units: ng/m3 Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  5. Are primary PM emissions important in transboundary pollution? SO4 ~ 2500 km PPM2.5 ~2500km PMcoarse ~ 500-1000km Tranboundary contributions are related to the travel distance of PM Example for Germany with 2010 emissions and meteorology from 1997 Units: ng/m3 Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  6. What are the key sources of primary PM emissions? Sector analysis – percentage contribution from main SNAP sectors to primary PM2.5 Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  7. What are the important emissions sources of transboundary PM? Sector analysis – percentage contribution from main SNAP sectors to PM2.5 Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  8. The regional transboundary contribution dominates the urban PM10 observed concentrations

  9. Influence of transboundary PM in Oslo Nested EMEP – EPISODE Local scale model Domestic heating and LRT dominates Road traffic and resuspension PM2.5 dominates PM10 Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  10. Is PM a hemispheric issue? On an episodic basis, PM can be transported over different continents There are well documented episodes of • Wind blown dust • Biomass burning (Forster at al, 2001, Simmonds et al., 2005) dust storm in the Sahara Desert along the Algeria/Niger border (25.0N, 10.0E) SO4, EC vertical profiles shows sharp gradients in the free troposphere (FT) New findings and discussion on the existence background organic carbon FT oxidation of long-lived VOCs ? (Heald et al, 2005) Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

  11. Where are the main uncertainties in modelling transboundary PM? General good agreements with SIA observations Significant underestimation of carbonaceous aerosol components Meteorologisk Instituttmet.no

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