Research project „ Greening Cities – Sustainable Urban Development “

1. Research project „Greening Cities – Sustainable Urban Development“ Helena Vorbová Michal Rampír 15TH STEERING COMMITTEE MEETING INTOSAI WGEA Washington 2017

2. COOPERATION WITH INTOSAI WGEA • 2010 • Auditing Sustainable Energy • 2016 • Energy Savings

3. WORK PLAN OF INTOSAI WGEA 2017-2019 • Update existing and develop new guidance materials available to SAIs, conduct research studies on emerging topics in environmental auditing GOAL 1

4. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“? • Why should SAIs deal with environmental challenges in cities or in urban areas? • Is this issue important toSAIs? • Can SAIs contribute to improving environmental challenges in cities?

5. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“? Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects.

6. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“? WORLD‘S POPULATION 2050: 2015: 80% will reside in cities more than 50% residing in cities Source:http://reports.thomsonreuters.com/9billionbowls/

7. URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS 2014 Source:http://www.unpopulation.org

8. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“? Source:United NationsWorldUrbanizationProspectsGraphic: Alex Tribou / Bloombergvisual data

9. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“?

10. CITIES AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS The “metropolitan area” corresponds to the Toronto “census metropolitan area.” The “urban agglomeration” corresponds to the Toronto “population centre”. The “city proper” described here corresponds to the Toronto “census subdivision – municipality” as defined in the 2011 Census of Canada. Satellite image is from GoogleImagery TerraMetrics 2016. Population data and boundaries are from Statistics Canada (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/index-eng.cfm).

11. THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT • to identify and describe the most critical challenges of urban agglomerations; • to share experience of SAIs in auditing this area and at the same time;and • to emphasize the importance of this issue within the INTOSAI WGEA in the set planning period. PROJECT OBJECTIVE AND OUTCOME:

12. AIR QUALITY

13. INCREASED NOISE

14. QUALITY AND SYSTEM OF DRINKING WATER

15. SEWAGE SYSTEM

16. WASTE MANAGEMENT

17. Why research project on „GREENING CITIES“?

18. EXAMPLES OF GOALS

19. GOAL 11: MAKE CITIES INCLUSIVE, SAFE, RESILIENT AND SUSTAINABLE • Half of humanity – 3.5 billion people – lives in cities today • By 2030, almost 60 per cent of the world’s population will live in urban areas • 95 per cent of urban expansion in the next decades will take place in developing world • 828 million people live in slums today and the number keeps rising • The world’s cities occupy just 3 per cent of the Earth’s land, but account for 60-80 per cent of energy consumption and 75 per cent of carbon emissions

20. GOAL 11: EXAMPLES OF TARGETS: • By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums; • By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons; • By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries; • By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management; • By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels.

21. ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITS WORLDWIDE HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SECTORS • Agriculture • Biosafety and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) • Chemicals management • Cultural heritage • Energy and energy efficiency • Environment and human health • Infrastructure • Land development • Natural disaster management: preparedness responses • Other human activities/sectors • Pesticides • Recreation and tourism • Transportation, traffic, mobility • Urban environment quality (sustainability) • Humanitarian aid

22. URBAN ENVIRONMENT QUALITY (SUSTAINABILITY)

23. PROJECT SCOPE – KEY OBJECTIVES • to emphasize the importance of this issue within the INTOSAI WGEA; • to provide comprehensive data and information to the users of the project Greening Cities – Sustainable Cities; • to summarise performed and on-going audits on the subject; • to give examples of how the topic can be approached in audits and to sum up methodology and challenges related to performing the audit in this field; • to contribute to improving the quality of the city's environment.

24. STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY CHAPTER 1 Basic information on • concepts and definitions related to Greening cities • environmental problems in urban agglomerations: • objectives, • definitions, • typesof problems, • examples of problems from the perspective of individual environmental components such as • air quality, • water protection, • waste management, • ecosystem services, and • green infrastructure.

25. STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY CHAPTER 2 • Importance of international agreements, strategies and governmental programmes • Importance of instruments focused on individual environmental components, and • influence of these programmes on the quality of the environment in cities and urban agglomerations and also with regards to the fulfilment of the Sustainable Development Goals.

26. STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY CHAPTER 3 • Experience of SAIs from audits of individual environmental components in cities and urban agglomerations. • Case studies from environmental audits of SAIs that at least partially covered cities and urban agglomerations • Possible obstacles that prevented SAIs from conducting audit on this subject.

27. PLANNED METHODOLOGY THIS RESEARCH PROJECT WILL BE BASED ON: • guides and manuals published by INTOSAI; • performance audits conducted by WGEA members; • data collected by a survey sent to the WGEA members; • resources available on websites of specialized and expert organizations and agencies; • information exchange, e.g., by e-mail, tele- and videoconferences with members of the subgroup, and/or with other external experts; • workshops and work sessions planned during the meetings of the WGEA and/or organized separately; • SAO Czech Republic audit planned for 2018 “Support of air quality improvement”.

28. EXAMPLE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC SUPPORTING THE IMPROVEMENT OF AIR QUALITY Annual average concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in the ambient air in 2013 Source:Czech Hydrometeorological Institute

29. EXAMPLE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC THE MORAVIAN-SILESIAN REGION/OSTRAVA REGION

30. EXAMPLE FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC PRAGUE

31. TIMELINE AND KEY MILESTONES

32. CONTACT PERSONS INFORMATION

33. CONTACTS • Mr Petr Neuvirt, (petr.neuvirt@nku.cz), Member of the Board • Ms Helena Vorbová(helena.vorbova@nku.cz), Director of the Department of audits of social affairs, the environment, education, culture, and healthcare; • Mr Michal Rampír(michal.rampir@nku.cz), Head of the Unit of audit of social affairs and the environment; • Ms Sylva Mὔllerová(sylva.mullerova@nku.cz), Auditor, Unit of audit of social affairs and the environment; International coordination: • Ms Michaela Rosecká(michaela.rosecka@nku.cz), Director of the International Relations Department.

34. Thank you for your attention Helena Vorbová| helena.vorbova@nku.czMichal Rampír| michal.rampir@nku.cz Czech Republic| Supreme Audit Office| www.nku.cz