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Unit 02

Unit 02. Matter. A. Classifying Matter. Matter is anything that has a mass and volume. Mass is the amount of matter the object contains. Examples of things that are not matter: Light, energy and heat Which has more matter? The golf ball or the ping pong ball?.

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Unit 02

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  1. Unit 02 Matter

  2. A. Classifying Matter • Matter is anything that has a mass and volume. • Mass is the amount of matter the object contains. • Examples of things that are not matter: • Light, energy and heat • Which has more matter? • The golf ball or the ping pong ball?

  3. A. Classifying Matter Matter can be divided into pure and impure particle arrangement- • A substance is anything that contains only one type of matter. • A mixture is physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

  4. A. Classifying Matter • Element • The simplest forms of matter. • Composed of identical atoms • Located on the periodic table • ex: copper wire, aluminum foil

  5. A. Classifying Matter • Compound • composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio • properties differ from those of individual elements • EX: table salt (NaCl), water (H2O)

  6. A. Classifying Matter A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities. • Homogenous mixture – composition of the mixture is the same throughout. Cannot be separated by physical means (Also called a SOLUTION) • Heterogeneous mixture – composition is not uniform throughout. Can be separated by physical means

  7. MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE yes no Is the composition uniform? B. Matter Flowchart MATTER no yes Can it be physically separated? yes Can it be chemically decomposed? no Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture (Solution) Compound Element

  8. Classifying Matter Determine if each drawing represents a mixture, a compound, or an element.

  9. Answers to the Classifying Matter Activity Homogeneous mixture • Water & Food Coloring – • Rock Salt (NaCl)- • Beans- • Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)- • Sulfur (S)- • Soap- • Oil & Water- • Tin (Sn) – • Oil & Food Coloring – • Sugar (C6H12O6) – • Brass (Alloy of Cu & Zn)- • Salt Water- Compound Heterogeneous mixture Compound Element Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Element Heterogeneous mixture Compound Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture

  10. B. States of Matter There are four states of matter 1. Solids Very low KE – only vibrate in place atoms are packed together in fixed, orderly positions strong intermolecular forces between atoms Definite shape Definite volume

  11. 2. Liquids Low KE - particles can move around but are still close together Weak intermolecular forces Indefinite shape – takes the shape of the container Definite volume B. States of Matter

  12. 3. Gases High KE - particles are far apart and move quickly No intermolecular forces Indefinite shape Indefinite volume B. States of Matter

  13. 4. Plasma high temperature state in which atoms lose their electrons Ex. the sun B. States of Matter

  14. Changes of State • Melting – solid to liquid • Freezing - liquid to solid • Vaporization – liquid to gas • Condensation – gas to liquid • Sublimation – solid to gas or gas to solid

  15. Name: _______________________ Period: _________ In each box draw the molecules of that state of matter. For each arrow, label the change of state that occurs. (Note: there are 6 arrows total!) States of Matter

  16. Changes of State The same substance can transform into each state of matter by increasing or decreasing in energy. Sublimation Vaporization Melting Condensation Freezing Deposition

  17. Matter and Change

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