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STRESS AND COPING

STRESS AND COPING. STRESS. Experienced through stimulus or stresssor Forces from the outside world that affect an individual Related to internal and external factors Positive, Negative, and Neutral stress Events that provoke stress are called stressors

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STRESS AND COPING

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  1. STRESS AND COPING

  2. STRESS • Experienced through stimulus or stresssor • Forces from the outside world that affect an individual • Related to internal and external factors • Positive, Negative, and Neutral stress • Events that provoke stress are called stressors • Individuals react to stress differently

  3. FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE • Also called the Stress Response • Arousal of the Sympathetic Nervous System • Response that man and other animals share when threatened. • Critical during Emergency Situations • Can also be activated in a milder form when there is no actual danger

  4. FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE • NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES • Respond to stress functions with negative feedback • MEDULLA OBLONGATA • RETICULAR FORMATION • PITUITARY GLAND

  5. FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE • INCREASED: • Heart Rate • Cardiac Output • Respiratory Rate • Glucose • Mental Activity • Arterial Blood Pressure • Blood Flow to Skeletal Muscles

  6. GENERAL ADAPTION SYNDROME • A THREE STAGE REACTION TO STRESS • ALARM • RESISTANCE • EXHAUSTION

  7. TYPES OF STRESS • DISTRESS—DAMAGING • EUSTRESS—STRESS THAT PROTECTS HEALTH • POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER—ACUTE STRESS DISORDER THAT BEGINS WHEN A PERSON EXPERIENCES, WITNESSES, OR IS CONFRONTED WITH A TRAUMATIC EVENT

  8. ASPECTS OF STRESSOR THAT INFLUENCE STRESS RESPONSEINTENSITYSCOPEDURATIONNUMBER AND NATURE OF STRESSORSPREDICABILITY

  9. COPING INDIRECT METHODS • EGO-DEFENSE MECHANISMS • COMPENSATION • CONVERSION • DENIAL • DISPLACEMENT • IDENTIFICATION • DISSOCIATION • REGRESSION

  10. COPING • PROBLEM FOCUSED • EMOTIONAL FOCUSED • EFFECTIVENESS • RESOURCES

  11. NURSING KNOWLEDGE BASE • ROLE OF STRESS • SITUATIONAL FACTORS • MATURATIONAL FACTORS • SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS

  12. SELF ASSESSMENT • WHAT IS YOUR DEFINITION OF STRESS? • WHAT ELICITS THE FIGHT-FLIGHT RESPONSE IN YOU? • WHAT PHYSICAL EFFECTS DO YOU EXPERIENCE WHEN UNDER STRESS? • WHAT COPING MECHANISMS TO YOU EMPLOY? • WHICH ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE? • LEAST EFFECTIVE?

  13. CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING PROCESS • NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES • COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES • COLLECTION OF SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE DATA • ASSESSMENT OF DATA • PLANNING • IMPLEMENTATION • EVALUATION

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