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Ageing and Mobility in the UNECE Region: Trends and Challenges

This report examines the projected ageing trends, changes in family structures, and accessibility challenges in the UNECE region. It highlights the importance of developing rail systems to address the mobility needs of ageing societies.

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Ageing and Mobility in the UNECE Region: Trends and Challenges

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  1. Demographic Trends and Mobility Challenges in the UNECE Region Andres Vikat in collaboration with Kateřina Joklová

  2. Outline • Ageing, projected trends and variation between sub-regions • Changes in family structures and proximity of close relatives • Transport and accessibility • in internationally agreed policy objectives related to ageing • in country reports on ageing • Development of rail systems and challenges of ageing societies

  3. Ageing Population ageing is the result of the interplay of longer lives and fertility decline. It is part of demographic transition from a regime of high mortality and high fertility to one with low mortality and low fertility.

  4. Example of a population “pyramid”: Germany 2008 and 2060

  5. Median Age

  6. Old-Age Dependency Ratio by Region

  7. Older People Living with their Children

  8. Generations and Gender Programme Designed to improve understanding of demographic and social development in the UNECE region and of the factors that influence such developments http://ggp.unece.org Generations and Gender Surveys carried out in 16 countries. Analysis on proximity based on data from five: BGR, DEU, FRA, GEO, RUS Changes in Family Structures and Proximity of Close Relatives

  9. GGS Data: Travel Distance to Parents • 1-hour travel distance benchmark • Data for distance to mother and father separately Source: GGS data, 2008

  10. GGS Data

  11. Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA, 2002) Priority directions for policy action: Older persons anddevelopment Advancing health and well-being into old age Objective 3: Improved availability of accessible and affordable transportation for older persons. Ensuring enabling and supportive environments Implementation and follow-up

  12. Regional Implementation Strategy (RIS) 10 Commitments • Mainstreaming • Participation • Economic Growth • Social Protection Systems • Labour Markets • Life-Long Learning • Quality of Life, Health and Well-Being • Gender • Intergenerational Solidarity • Regional Cooperation UNECE Policy Brief on Ageing No. 4: Integration and Participation of Older Persons in Society www.unece.org/pau/age/Policy_briefs

  13. Functional integration Infrastructure Intergenerational relationships CommitmentII: Integration&Participation Accessibility and affordability of: • Housing • Transport • Culture • Social Participation • Political Participation • Economic participation • Media coverage, campaigns • Volunteering

  14. Country Reports on Implementation of the RIS Affordability • Free or discounted fares (at least 14 members: AZE, BGR, CZE, CYP, DNK, ESP, FRA, GBR, ISR, ITA, NLD, ROM, RUS, UZB) Accessibility • Improvement of physical accessibility of vehicles: at least 5 countries launched plans including better accessibility to improved-access trains (CZE, ESP, EST, NLD, SWE) • The Netherlands: In 2030, 90% of passengers shall live within a 15-km radius of accessible station Legislation on accessibility • Some member states tackle transportation and accessibility in their national non-discrimination laws (ESP National Law for Equal Opportunities, Non-Discrimination and Universal Accessibility, ITA Law on the Accessibility of Buildings, Public Transport and Services)

  15. European Legal Framework Actions of EU members are co-shaped by EC legislation: Regulation 1371/2007 on rail passengers’ rights and obligations (set of basic rights as of 3 December 2009) • Non-discriminatory ticket sales • Right to information about accessibility of rail services and access conditions • Free boarding/disembarking assistance • Free assistance on board Public procurement directives 2004/17/EC and 2004/18/EC • Technical specifications should be defined so as to take into account accessibility criteria for people with disabilities Commission’s decision 2008/164 concerning the technical specification of interoperability relating to “persons with reduced mobility” in the trans-European conventional and high-speed rail systems • Extended definition of “persons with reduced mobility” including older persons

  16. Rail Systems and Ageing Societies • Independent mobility of older persons is one of conditions of active ageing and participation of older persons in society Advantages of rail transport • Improved-access trains provide for more comfort than buses or planes • Travelling on train is less stressful • Proximity of railway stations to city centres Older persons face following problems: • Lack of information about stations and trains • Poor access at railway stations • Difficulties on boarding/disembarking • Lack of assistance on board • Lack of transport connections from the railway stations to their homes

  17. Challenges • It is essential to accompany improvements in technical standards by better access to information and assistance to older people confidence building • This includes information and assistance before and during the journey

  18. Thank you for your attention.

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