Presentation Transcript

1. Kansas Paragraph Writing

2. Parts of a paragraph On your index card write down all the parts of a paragraph.
3. Trade your card… Trade your card with your neighbor, what do they have that you don’t? Discuss with your partner.
4. Parts of a train? What are the parts of a train? Which is the most important part? What purpose do the cars play? The caboose?
5. The paragraph express
6. The topic sentence Is usually the first sentence. Introduces the main idea. Sometimes introduces the details.
7. Types of topic sentences General Topic Sentences – Names the main idea of the paragraph. Clueing Topic Sentences – Names main idea, gives a clue about the details. Specific Topic Sentences – Names main idea, names specific details to be covered in order.
8. Examples of general topic sentences The hot trend in advertising these days is to hire real, live stars. Kevin James would have been 20 years old this September. Not much is left of a town known as Nora, Nebraska. Democracy is thriving at Hillsboro High School.
9. Examples of clueing topic sentences The four seasons spice up our lives. Tents come in a variety of shapes and sizes. The citizens of Lawrence have several reasons for building a new high school. Jesse Flynn is my best friend because of his many fine characteristics.
10. Examples of detail topic sentences Air pollution is caused by vehicles and industries. Charles Darwin lived an interesting life as an explorer, writer, and scientist. Diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies are beriberi, pellagra, scurvy, and rickets.
11. Lets practice Identify and write down the topic sentence. (A)Brenda worked for years to become a newspaper reporter. (B)She studied hard in school, and she got good grades. (C)Working at night for a local paper, she learned all the jobs that one can do on a newspaper. After Brenda graduated, she applied to several different newspapers. (D)Finally, she was hired by the "Ice Line" newspaper in Alaska.
12. (A)Entering high school as a student for the first time can be an adventure. (B)For one thing, the building is so large that it's easy to get lost trying to find the right classrooms, but it's fun locating them. (C)Then, seeing and meeting new people can mean lots of new friends and dates. (D)Next, trying to figure out how to unlock your locker, meeting your locker mate, and decorating your locker can lead to giggles and good times. Starting high school is an adventure which students remember for the rest of their lives.
13. (A)The price of fuel for cars, industries, businesses, and homes has risen for many reasons. (B)One reason is that finding oil for gasoline in the United States is harder and more difficult than it used to be. (C)A second reason is that the old fields of oil are not as productive as they once were, and they are slowly becoming empty. (D)A third reason is that the foreign countries which have lots of oil have banded together, and they keep the prices high for the barrels of oil the United States buys. All these reasons make the cost of fuel high for the consumer.
14. (A)George had five dollars to spend at K-Mart. (B)First, he walked around the store to check the prices of several items that he needed. (C)After he had narrowed his choices, he returned to the sporting goods, automotive, and stereo areas. (D)Once there, he bought a spinner fish lure, a plastic cup-holder for his car, and a brush and head-cleaner for his car's cassette player; the sales clerk put his purchases in a sack. Now he was ready to enjoy some fishing at the lake, drinking his cold drink, and listening to his car's stereo cassette player.
15. (A)After the death of her father, Gloria Vanderbilt was involved in a lengthy trial to see whether her mother or her aunt would become her guardian. (B)Although Gloria Vanderbilt is known today as a famous woman in producing designer jeans and perfumes, she was once known as a poor little rich girl. (C)At first, Gloria's mother wanted custody of Gloria, but she left the child in the United States with servants and went on trips to England and France for months at a time. (D)Then, Gloria's aunt wanted custody to provide Gloria with a more normal childhood. After a long, tiring court case, her aunt finally received custody of Gloria.
16. Detail sentences Discusses one of the details in the paragraph. Sometimes shows the relationship between a detail and the rest of the paragraph.
17. Types of detail sentences Lead Off Sentences: Introduces a new detail. Contains a transition. Follow Up Sentence: Provides more information about the detail.
18. transitions Signals the introduction of a new detail. Shows the relationship between the detail and the rest of the paragraph. First, then, next, last, the most important, for example, for instance, as a result, consequently, in contrast, despite, because, since, therefor, finally, the most recent,
19. Requirements for detail sentences Each detail sentence must: Contain related information. Be in a logical sequence with other sentences. Include a transition if it introduces a new detail. Be written from the same point of view as other sentences. Be written in the same tense as the other sentences.
20. Thomas thought of five reasons why he deserved a raise. First, he was always punctual or on time. In addition, he used only about five days of his sick leave every year. Furthermore, he willingly worked overtime. Another reason was that the foreman never had to yell at him to get back to work, and he always made an effort to do a good job. After he had worked for the railroad for two years, Thomas asked for and received a raise.
21. Student council representatives are decision-makers and organizers, and they provide valuable services to the community. Most importantly, they help make decisions to create a better high school for students. Next in importance, they are responsible for organizing most of the dances during the school year. Finally, during Thanksgiving and Christmas holidays, they collect and deliver goods to the town's needy families. These are some of the important contributions that student council representatives make to their high school and town.
22. I learned some fascinating facts about oceans in my science book. First, I learned that the ocean floor covers an area equal to approximately 65 % of the 0(3) Tr(3) earth's surface. Then, I found that the ocean floor is covered with mountains and valleys like those on land. Another interesting fact I learned was that most of the information about sea floors was gathered after 1940. Finally, I learned that the base of the ocean floor is called "ooze" and is composed of the skeletons of tiny floating marine creatures. Overall, I learned that there is much to be discovered about the ocean floors although a lot of information already has been gathered.
23. Many things happened as the storm swept over the small town of LaBett. In the sky, lightning flashed, and thunder roared. The sky looked black as purple clouds hid the sun and raced across the sky. On the ground, trees were uprooted; broken branches and leaves were everywhere. All around, the wet smell of rain was in the air as the softball-sized hail, followed by sharp, stinging pellets of rain crashed down upon the town. The town was in the grip of this violent storm for over five hours.
24. Collages are fun to make. You will need four pieces of equipment to make a collage. The largest item you will need is a big stack of magazines from which you will select the pictures that will represent your idea. The next-largest item will be a big piece of paper on which you will glue all your pictures. The two smallest items you will need are scissors and glue for cutting out pictures from the Total magazines and pasting them on your paper. In the end, you will have an idea collage that reflects part of yourself to other people.
25. Clincher Sentences Is the last sentence in the paragraph. Closes the paragraph. Names the main idea of the paragraph. Sometimes summarizes or names the details of the paragraph. Is different from the topic sentence.
26. Concluding transitions Words that tell the reader that the paragraph is finished.
27. 3 types of clincher sentences General Clincher Sentence Clueing Clincher Sentence Specific Clincher Sentence
28. General clincher Summarizes the main idea of the paragraph. Makes the reader think more about the topic. Examples: In summary, these car models are my favorites. To summarize, these are my favorite car models; what are yours? In conclusion, when life gives you lemons, make lemonade. Thus, if a person has approval from others, he may be less happy than if he has his own approval. To conclude, this woman had many qualities that people should imitate daily.
29. Clueing clincher Names the main idea. Ties the details together with a clue word. Examples: In sum, these four events served as the spark that ignited the war. To conclude, life can deal you many cards; it's how you play them that counts. In other words, several issues need to be considered before a person accepts a job offer. In conclusion, plenty of serious reasons exist for staying away from drugs; ignoring them can endanger one's health and life.
30. Specific clincher Names the main idea. Names the specific details that were covered in the paragraph in order. Examples: To conclude, making a snowman involves rolling the parts of his body, stacking the .parts, and creating his face and clothes. In effect, the people followed a clear course: they wrote a petition, held rallies, demanded a vote, and caused the law to be changed. In summary, the environment is in danger because of our vehicles, our mountains of waste, and our lack of attention to nature's need to replenish itself.
31. (A)Most soft drinks are made of soda water, sugar, and flavorings. In 1772, the first soda water was made in England although soda water didn't become popular until after the 1830s. (B)Each. 8-ounce glass of soft drink contains 8 teaspoons of sugar, and soft drinks can include lemon, cherry, grape, and lime flavorings. Now, the average American drinks 500 8-ounce glasses of soft drinks per year, according to the (C)Department of Agriculture. (D)As can be seen, soda water is a very popular drink in America today.
32. (A)People train for at least four years before they can become certified as teachers. Most importantly, in their classes, they learn how to teach students. (B)Next in importance, they must learn their subject matter, so they can transfer that knowledge to their students. (C)Finally, they must know how to construct and grade papers and tests and lead discussion classes. (D)Thus, becoming a teacher takes determination, lots of hard work, and many years of training.
33. (A)Some animals have special names when they are young. (B)For example, a baby goat is known as a kid while a baby sheep is known as a lamb. (C)For other examples, baby frogs are tadpoles, baby dogs are puppies, and young cats are kittens. Young bears are called cubs. (D)To conclude, many young animals have different names than their parents; can you think of any more?
34. (A)Learning to play volleyball takes practice, patience, and padding. Volleyball is a game that is not learned easily. First, the skills that a player needs, such as serving, bumping, spiking, and setting, require long, hard hours of practice. (B)Another requirement is a lot of patience as the player repeats drills to learn these skills over and over again. (C)The third requirement, padding on a player's knees, makes good sense because many times a player must dive for the ball and collide with the hard floor. (D)In summary, playing volleyball well requires lots of effort and hard knocks.
35. (A)When you're interviewing for a job, you need to ask questions concerning the job's benefits. First, does the job have health insurance coverage? (B)Second, is dental care included? Third, are there recreational benefits? (C)Fourth, what is Total the vacation plan, and do bonuses come under the benefit package? (D)In conclusion, these are just some of the questions you should ask when interviewing for a job.
36. Scribe your paragraph S – set up your topic sentence C – create the details using examples and facts R – reinforce with textual evidence I – iron out the evidence by explaining how it fits B – bind it together with a clincher E – edit your work
37. Scribble your paragraph S – set up your topic sentence C – create the details using examples and facts R – reinforce with textual evidence I – iron out the evidence by explaining how it fits B – bring it home with more related textual evidence B – bind it together with an explanation of your textual evidence L – leave the reader with a clincher E – edit your work
38. Get with a partner Take turns telling each other the SCRIBE steps, be ready for a quiz in 5 minutes.
39. Today we will break into three groups After you are assigned your groups please look at your task for today and complete it. Some groups will have a teacher some won’t. We will all get to every group, at some point you will have a teacher. Do not write in packets when you get with your group. Complete all assignments the packet indicates for the day. I am watching you, I will grade you as I see you work. You will also turn in your packet to me on Friday.
40. quiz On the back of your index card do the following: S C R I B E Tell me what to do in each step.