TM-48103 TM on the Safe Disposal of Intermediate Level Waste

1. IAEA Safety Standards and Activities on the Disposal of Intermediate Level Waste TM-48103 TM on the Safe Disposal of Intermediate Level Waste Yumiko Kumano Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management Unit Division of Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety - NSRW

2. Overview • IAEA Safety Standards and previous discussions on ILW disposal • Activities in 2013 / 2014 • Way forward

3. IAEA Safety Requirements 2010 Under development Under development 2011-12 Published in 2014 Under development 2009 Under development 2009 2011 Published in 2014 2012 Under development

4. Safety Standards: Predisposal • Classification • Storage • Safety Assessment • Safety Case • Management System DS 447 DS 448 DS 454 overview of safety standards

5. Safety Standards - Disposal • Site Aspects • Design • Construction • Operation • Closure • Post Closure • Safety Assessment • Management System Published in 2014 Published in 2014

6. GSG-1(2009): Classification of RW WASTE CLASSES • LLW: Above the clearance level, limited amounts of long lived Rn. Requires robust isolation and containment for periods up to a few hundred years. Suitable for disposal in engineered near surface facilities typically from the surface to 30 m depth • ILW: content in long lived RN → greater degree of containment and isolation than that provided by NS disposal facilities.Disposal at greater depth than that of NS disposal facilities i.e. order of tens of m to a few hundred m (intermediate depth disposal) • HLW: high levels of activity concentrations, heat generation by radioactive decay or waste with large amounts of long lived Rn. Disposal in deep, stable geological formations of several hundred meters depth or more below the surface. • The suitability of waste for disposal in a particular disposal facility is required to be demonstrated by the safety case and supporting safety assessment for that facility

7. The classification of radioactive waste

8. SSR-5(2009): Disposal of RW DISPOSAL OPTIONS Near surface disposal: disposal in a facility […] constructed on the ground surface or up to a few tens of metres below ground level. Such a facility may be designated as a disposal facility for low level radioactive waste (LLW) Disposal of intermediate level waste: […]Disposal could be by emplacement in facilities constructed […] at least a few tens of metres below ground level and up to a few hundred metres below ground level Geological disposal: disposal in a facility constructed […] in a particular geological formation (e.g. in terms of its long term stability and its hydrogeological properties) at least a few hundred metres below ground level. Such a facility could be designed to receive high level radioactive waste […]. However, with appropriate design, a geological disposal facility could receive all types of radioactive waste.

9. Safety Standards - Disposal LLW HLW +ILW?

10. Previous discussions HLW ILW LLW VLLW

11. TM on the disposal of ILW - overview • Meeting: 9-13, September with 18 participants from 14 Member States Chair: Mr. Jean-Michel Hoorelbeke (ANDRA, France) • Objectives: • Information sharing on various national activities • Discussion on common issues / Topics to be addressed in the Safety Report • Drafting of the Safety Report • Outcome: • Agreed on developing a Safety Report • Report outline & project plans

12. TM on the disposal of ILW - Discussions(1) 1st WG session – Identification of issues related to ILW disposal (draft report Chapter 3) • Definitions, scope of ILW with regard to IAEA SSs • Waste characteristics • Time scales (post-closure) • Site issues with regard to containment and isolation • Design considerations for long term performance • Operational issues (including transport)

13. TM on the disposal of ILW - Discussions(2) 2nd WG session – Gap Analysis of identified issues related to ILW disposal and current IAEA SSs /other publications Reference: • SSR-5 (Disposal or RW) • SSG-14 (Geological Disposal Facilities for RW) • DS-356 (Near Surface Disposal Facilities for RW) • Nuclear Energy Series NW-T-1.20 (Disposal Approaches for Long Lived L/ILW)

14. TM on the disposal of ILW - Discussions(3) NW-T-1.20 Review • Very technical & still current • Comprehensive in scope – Social, stakeholder involvement, economic issues, borehole • Examples given – useful background info for predisposal disposal and disposal options • Half of document is devoted to examples – Description rather than guidance • Definitions don’t match current IAEA SS • Lacks some practical details (e.g.) • Gaps (Institutional Control, Timescales, operational issues)

15. TM on the disposal of ILW - Discussions(4) 3rd WG session – Draft outline of several chapters / refinement of structure Final Plenary session • Finalization of the outcome document • Discussion & agreement on future activities …. to prepare draft SR in 1 year

16. Activity plans agreed at the TM in 2013 Meetings • Core meetings in 2014 (Apr.2014 +?) – further develop document • Plenary meeting – 3-7, Nov. 2014 -- finalize the outcome document  move forward for publication as SR? Contributions from meeting participants • Comment to current document • National example by Dec.2013

17. This week Objectives • exchange information on the progress of national projects related to the disposal of intermediate level waste (ILW) • discuss specific safety issues that need to be taken into account in the development of an ILW disposal facility • review and further improve Expected Outcome • Updated draft Safety Report … hopefully final version agreed by TM participants!! • Agreement on further contribution (national examples etc.)

18. Thank You