LCA ADEME database – Technical Committee Electric and Electronic Equipment April 19th 2012

1. LCA ADEME database – Technical Committee Electric and Electronic Equipment April 19th 2012 Olivier Réthoré ADEME - Service Eco-Conception & Consommation Durable (SECCD) With Intertek RDC (Isabelle Descos, Matthieu Gillis)

2. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed Circuit Boards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

3. Goal and scope • Goal: to establish short term and long term needs in terms of LCI data to give specifications to Ecoinvent and PE in order to feed ADEME’s DB • Scope: • TVs • + other “grey” and “black” EEEs: computers, phones, printers, hi-fi, set-top boxes... •  questions: • Relevancy to use of the same data as for TV • Missing inventories

4. Approach For each module: • Analyze the needs in terms of inventory data: • Based on the PCR for TV • Using the preliminary study conclusions: « Elaboration d’un plan de développement d’une base publique de données d’ACV comme support à l’affichage » (ADEME, 2009-10) • Determine the appropriate granulometry • Regarding • Technological representativeness • Geographical representativeness • Temporal representativeness • Considering for each differentiation • The relative environmental impact • The information accessibility for the industrial (specific data) • The short term data availability in existing databases (generic data) • Propose a list of inventories to be integrated in ADEME database, at least for short term

5. ADEME database content Processes LCI Flows*, flow property*,Unitgroups Unit Reference flow, Unitgroups Metadata Sources, contacts, external documents X Characterization factors* LCIA Method *Common data for all suppliers (to begiven by the JRC) Result for each impact category

6. 3 modes to feed ADEME DB • Purchasing & adapting existing data • From databases suppliers: PE, ecoinvent, PWC, BV, federations (e.g. worldsteel, PlasticsEurope) • For this lot (n°10) : PE, ecoinvent • Data co-production • In order to fill missing data in some sectors • Projects generally launched by ADEME (e.g. AgriBalyse for agriculture products) • Third party proposal • In order to allow the integration of data not yet available in ADEME DB • In order to promote assessment by industry

7. PCR for TV • Functional unit "To use a television in France during 8 years, switched on 4 hours a day, and switched off 20 hours a day.” • Impact categories • Climate change - IPCC 2007 • Resource depletion - EDIP 97 (2004) (may change) • Ecotoxicity (not validated)

8. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed Circuit Boards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

9. Speakers – Data need • Plastic parts • Raw materials • « transversal » plastic needs already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Thermoplastics: HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, PP, amorphous PET, PET bottle grade, PA 6,  PA 6-6, PVC (emulsion), PVC (suspension), PVC (bulk), PMMA, ABS, PC, SAN, POM, GPPS, HIPS, PSE / PA11, PA12, Surlyn, PLA (polylactic acid), biosourced PE, biosourced PET, Plastic from startch • Thermosets: polyurethane (flexible and rigid foam), Epoxy, PTFE, Unsaturated polyester resin, EVA / Elasthane, Elastodiene • Elastomers: Butadiene, Polybutadiene, Latex (SBR), Silicone, EPDM / Butyl rubber, Natural rubber, Isobutylene isoprene, Isoprene rubber, NBR, Neoprene, Nitrile rubber, SBS, SEBS • What pastics for speakers? • Other specific materials?

10. Speakers – Data need • Plastic parts • Forming and shaping • « transversal » processes already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Thermoplastics: Injection, Extrusion, Expansion for EPS, Thermoforming / Foaming, Forming for GPPS and HIPS, Blow extrusion, Blow injection, Calendering, rotomolding • Thermosets: Foaming (flexible and rigid), Injection, Pressure molding, Thermoforming • What forming processes for speakers? • Other specific processes?

11. Speakers – Data need • Plastic parts • Additives • « transversal » additives needs already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee but NOT integrated in consultation letters: • Phtalates: DEHP • Mineral charges: Sulfur (poudre), Carbon black, TiO2 alpha, TiO2 beta, Silicium, Calcium carbonate, Magnésium carbonate, Baryum sulfate, Zinc oxyde, Lithopone, Fatty acids • Flame retardants: halogenous, non-halogenous • Dye agent • What additives for speakers? • Other specific additives?

12. Speakers – Data need • Steel • Raw materials • « transversal » steel needs already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Primary, secondary and average steel • Stainless steel (the most representative) • Tin steel • What steel for speakers? / Other specific steels? • Forming into semi-finished products • « transversal » processes already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Wire • Extrusion • Sheet • Galvanization • What forming processes for speakers? / Other specific processes?

13. Speakers – Data need • Steel • Forming into finished products • « transversal » processes already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Forming with material withdrawal • Forming without material withdrawal • Surface treatment with additional input • Surface treatment without additional input • What forming processes for speakers? / Other specific processes?

14. Speakers – Data need • Aluminium • Raw materials • « transversal » aluminium needs already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Primary, secondary and average aluminium • Other specific aluminium? • Forming into semi-finished products • « transversal » processes already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Extrusion • Sheet • Foil • What forming processes for speakers? / Other specific processes?

15. Speakers – Data need • Aluminium • Forming into finished products • « transversal » processes already discussed in ad hoc Technical Committee: • Forming with material withdrawal • Forming without material withdrawal • Surface treatment with additional input • Surface treatment without additional input • What forming processes for speakers? / Other specific processes?

16. Speakers – Data need • Other metals: data need has NOT been discussed in any Technical Committee • Raw materials • Single metals: copper, zinc, tungsten, titanium, tin • Alloys: brass, bronze, zamak • What metals for speakers? / Other specific metals? • Forming into semi-finished products • Similar to steel and aluminium? • Wire • Extrusion • Sheet • Foil • Other specific processes?

17. Speakers – Data need • Other metals: data need has NOT been discussed in any Technical Committee • Forming into finished products • Similar to steel and aluminium? • Forming with material withdrawal • Forming without material withdrawal • Surface treatment with additional input • Surface treatment without additional input • Other specific processes?

18. Speakers – Other EEE • Are there specific needs for other EEE, in particular high fidelity equipments? • Wood and its processes

19. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed Circuit Boards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

20. Screens – Data need Technological representativity • Specific data mentioned in the PCR: • Technology • Diagonal • Surface 20

21. Screens – Data need Technological representativity • Technology 21

22. Screens – Data need Technological representativity • Diagonal of visible screen (inches) • Total surface of the screen (cm²) • Is there a correlation between the diagonal and surface, i.e. is only one parameter enough to characterize a screen? • Is there a linear correlation between the surface/diagonal and the impact? And the mass? • If not, for which surfaces/diagonals should one give LCIAs in the DB? • Do unusual diagonals imply higher environmental impacts? i.e. Are specific inventories required? 22

23. Screens – Data need Geographical representativity • Semi-specific data mentioned in the PCR: • Production country of the screen module • Remaining questions: • For electric mixes, our intention is to provide LCI with an adaptation of the country. Is it acceptable? • For other parameters, shall we consider a geographical differenciation?

24. Data available in GaBi and ecoinvent Data available in one database Unavailable data Screens – Existing data

25. Screens – Other EEE Can the same inventories be used for small screens in telecommunications (phones)? Or must they be specific? What about computer screens? What about touch screen?

26. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed CircuitBoards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

27. PCB – Data need Technological representativity • Data mentioned in the PCR for the mainboard: • Specific data • Number of faces (1 or 2) • Number of layers (no amount is given) • External surface of the board (cm²) • Semi-specific data • Country of production • NB: the mass is not mentioned! • An adaptation of the mass of the LCI process appears however necessary if one wants the mass of the model to fit with the real product. But it would require a modification of the PCR. 27

28. PCB – Data need Technological representativity • Specific data mentioned in the PCR for the PS board: • Specific data • None • Semi-specific data • Number of faces (1 or 2) • Number of layers (no amount is given) • External surface of the board (cm²) • Country of production • NB: the weight is not mentioned 28

29. PCB – Data need Technological representativity

30. PCB – Data need Geographical representativity • Semi-specific data mentioned in the PCR: • Production country of the mainboard • Production country of the Power Supply board • Remaining questions: • For electric mixes, our intention is to provide LCI with an adaptation of the country. Is it acceptable? • For other parameters, shall we consider a geographical differenciation?

31. PCB – Existing data

32. PCB – Need vs existing data Data available in GaBi and ecoinvent Data available in one database (or unknown information) Unavailable data

33. PCB – What and how many inventories?

34. PCB – Other EEE Can the same inventories be used for any EEE?

35. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed Circuit Boards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

36. Power cables – Data needs • PCR for TV does not require to include cables • Is it acceptable, environmentally speaking (especially for resources depletion)? • If not, shall we consider • Different modules? (based on material composition) • One average secondary data? (in this case: what most common conductor (copper?) and what most common insulator?) • One average data, but based on cable length as primary/semi-specific data?

37. Power cables – Existing data • ecoinvent has • Data for connector cables for computer (made of copper, TPE and PVC) and printer (made of copper, aluminium and PVC) • Other types of cables (network cable, ribbon cable…) • GaBi does not have data for connector cables but for other types of cables (high voltage, optical fiber, phone…)

38. Agenda • Goal and scope • Speakers • Screens • Printed Circuit Boards • Power cables • (End of life: first elements)

39. End of life – Data need Dismantling neglected by the PCR, because supposed manual Materials recovery from screen and PCB: should it include only energy consumption and infrastructures? Disposal (incineration and landfill) of screen and PCB: how many inventories are needed and what parameters should be differentiated? (solder paste type, after or before RoHS…) i.e. is only one inventory for PWB incineration enough, or must there be as much inventories as for production processes? What about the estimated impact of the RoHS for EoL? Recycling and disposal of plastics and metals (see ad hoc Technical Committee)

40. End of life – Existing data • ecoinvent has data for the end of life of computer products (computer, mouse, printer…) including • Materials recovery from modules (screen, PWB…) including electricity, infrastructures and transport • Recycling of metals, from electronic scrap • Incineration of residues and unrecycled parts based on elementary composition (end-of-life model) • No recycling credits • PE has data for PCB incineration after and before RoHS

41. End of life – Data need vs. Existing data Data available in at least two databases Data available in one database Incineration, Landfill: based on composition Recycling

42. End of life – Other than LCA data need For each material within each module, we need statistics data for France, for each type of end of life (e.g. X % of copper incorporated in TV’s PCB is recycled, and Y % is incinerated…) PCR for TV propose a table from an Eco-systèmes pilot study (see next slide): can it be used? Are there official and validated data?

43. End of life – Non LCA data need

44. Other EEE Are there needs missing for other EEE?