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DEVELOPMENT OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS IN PAKISTAN By Dr. M. Saeed Khan Jadoon OGDCL, Islamabad APRIL 11, 2011 SERENA

DEVELOPMENT OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS IN PAKISTAN By Dr. M. Saeed Khan Jadoon OGDCL, Islamabad APRIL 11, 2011 SERENA HOTEL ISLAMABAD. PROVOKING THOUHHTS.

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DEVELOPMENT OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS IN PAKISTAN By Dr. M. Saeed Khan Jadoon OGDCL, Islamabad APRIL 11, 2011 SERENA

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  1. DEVELOPMENT OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS IN PAKISTANByDr. M. Saeed Khan JadoonOGDCL, IslamabadAPRIL 11, 2011SERENA HOTEL ISLAMABAD

  2. PROVOKING THOUHHTS • With the nuclear industry in crisis and oil prices on the rise, could the solution to our energy problems be in the ground at home? Daniel yergin on the promise of shale gas. • He ," states that the turmoil in the middle east is a "sea change" for the global oil market and that the U.S.A and emerging markets are most economically vulnerable to rising oil prices.

  3. Outline of Presentation • Objectives • Energy out Look • Existing Indigenous Resource • International Scenario • Conventional & Unconventional Reservoirs • Potential of Unconventional Resource • Development Model • Economic Consideration • Summary

  4. OBJECTIVES • HOW TO MEET ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF THE COUNTRY • UNCONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCE AVAILABILITY • DEVELOPMENT PHIL0SPHY

  5. Pakistan Energy Out Look

  6. Pakistan Gas Out Look

  7. Energy Resources Available To Us • Indigenous Resources of Oil & Gas • Hydroelectric • Nuclear • Solar & Wind Energy

  8. Primary EnergySupplies By Source

  9. PakistanIndigenous Natural Reserves

  10. Sectoral EnergyConsumption By Source

  11. INTERNATIONAL SCENARIO FOR UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIR

  12. World Un-Conventional Gas Resource

  13. 40-50 TCF Pakistan WORLDUN-CONVENTIONAL GAS

  14. European Unconventional Reservoir

  15. India Shale Gas & CBM Projects • Started work on CBM 1993 • Group of experts was formulated to collect and analyze data. • 32 BLOCKS Have been given to different companies • Now India started Production from CBM • Next Few Years, Production will be 38 CM^3/day • ONGC had Recent Discovery of Shale Gas in West Bengal

  16. Shale Gas Contribution in USA,18 % of the Total Production

  17. Advance Resources International USA Gas Projected values from different Sources, 2009

  18. INDIGNEOUS HYDROCARBON RESOURCES

  19. Conventional Reservoirs Sandstone and carbonate Reservoirs. With good reservoir properties have good capability of storage and Productivity Reasonable Efforts for Exploration Explored area is about 275,000 Sq km 550,000 Sq km is unexplored Current Production Oil: 60000-66000 bbl Gas: 4.15 BCF Unconventional Reservoirs Poor reservoir properties have capability of storage but poor Productivity Tight Gas Reservoir Shale Gas Reservoir Coal Bed Methane NOT DEVELOPED YET Indigenous Oil & Gas Reservoirs

  20. Tight Gas Reservoir Mostly Sandstone Reservoir Good storage Capability but poor Producibility. Distributed over Large Area of Pakistan Advance Technology Need to Produce Shale Gas reservoir Exist in Shale Source and Reservoir Good storage Capability but poor Producibility Distributed over Large Area of Pakistan Advance Technology need to Produce Unconventional Reservoir Descriptions

  21. COAL BED METHAN (CBM) Gas is generated during Coalification Process Gas Adsorbed on the Coal Very poor conductivity Distributed over Sindh & Punjab Province Word 10 % Coal Deposits are in Sindh Total Deposits are 185 billion tone. Not developed Yet No Conclusive Work Unconventional Reservoirs

  22. Known Tight Gas Reservoirs

  23. Shale Sequence in Pakistan • Ghazij ShaleThickness (meters) • Vastly Distributed- 100 -1200 • Thalar Shale • Vastly Distributed – 45 – 184 • Samber Shale • Vastly Distributed – 500- 600 • Chichali Sahle • Vastly Distributed – 35 – 130

  24. Ghazij Shale Distribution

  25. Talhar Shale

  26. Chichali Area Ghazij Area Talhar Area

  27. Coal Fields in Pakistan

  28. Gas Potential in these Reservoirs Source: Weatherford 2010

  29. Unconventional Gas Resource • Tight Gas 40-50 TCF • Ghazig Shale Gas 20-30 TCF • Talhar Shale Gas 100 TCF • Coal Bed Methane 21 TCF (Recoverable- Cathy Oil Canada) • Samber Shale (Moin PPL) 60-80 TCF TOTAL 241-281

  30. Development Challenges • Evaluation Uncertainties • High Investment • Longer Production Time • Longer Payout Time • High Density of wells • Skilled Manpower • Environmental Issue • Political Stability • Will to Accept Challenges Resolvable Success

  31. Availability of Technology In World • Vertical & Horizontal well • Multilateral Wells • Hydraulic Fracturing • Stimulation Techniques

  32. Multilateral Wells

  33. DEVELOPMENT PHILOSPHY

  34. Development Model-Integrated Approach

  35. Exploration & Production Companies • Should Invest to Explore Tight and Shale gas • Exploration area for Tight and Shale Gas should be awarded to the companies • Price Incentives have been given • Freedom of Marketing of Gas to the Consumer

  36. Manufacturing & Power Industries • Should have direct access to Energy Producer • Should have option of buying gas from Producer & paying Tariff to the distribution company for using the network if required • Reference Price should be according to the concession area • Distribution Companies should effectively assist for supply of gas to Industries • Consortium of Industry units to share the cost of energy.

  37. Cost Effective Buisness Model • Exploration Companies- Consortium • Work Program for next 3-4 years • Drilling of Vertical, horizontal & Multilateral • Hydraulic Fracturing/Stimulation jobs • Service Providers-Consortium • Bring Relevant Technology • Efficient Execution of jobs • Cost effective Solution • Human Resource Development---Serious Consideration

  38. Continue---- • Need consortium of industry units for sharing of their cost of energy • No Misuse of Freedom • No Monopolization of any company weather it is service or distribution companies.

  39. ECONOMIC EVALUATION

  40. Production Challenge Reference: Weatherford 2010

  41. Probable Production Behavior

  42. Economic Model for Tight & Shale Gas(Brown Field ) • GIIP: 1 TCF • Recoverable Reserves: 240 BCF • Number of wells: 25 • Failure: 10% • Gas Flow Rate: 5MMSCFD • Development Time: 2 year • Well Capex $: 478 Million • Facilities: 50 Million • Opex: 147 Million • Field Life: 25 year • GAS Price: $ 4.90/MMBTU • IROR: 15 % • Pay back: 8.5 year • Royalty &Tex Included

  43. Economic Model for Tight & Shale Gas(Green Field ) • GIIP: 1 TCF • Recoverable Reserves: 240 BCF • Number of wells: 25 • Failure: 10 % • Gas Flow Rate: 5MMSCFD • Development Time: 5 year • Well Capex $: 478 Million • Facilities: 124 Million • Opex: 147 Million • Field Life: 25 year • GAS Price: $ 6.21/MMBTU • IROR: 15 % • Pay back: 6.5 years

  44. SUMMARY • Enough unconventional Reservoir exist in the country • Unconventional Reservoirs are required to be evaluated by collection of more data by initiating Pilot Projects in Shale Gas as earliest as possible. • Exploration blocks may be awarded for unconventional reservoirs. • Economically, Projects in Shale & Tight Gas looks viable.

  45. Continue---- • Human Resource Development to cater the demand of oil companies operating in Pkistan • Introduction of consortium concept of E & P companies for the planning of their work • Consortium of Service companies for cost effective solution of development of these Reservoirs. • Integrated Approach of all the stack holder is required to develop these unconventional Reservoirs

  46. THANKS

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