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Unit 1 翻译标准

Unit 1 翻译标准. 教材: 宋天锡 ,《 英汉互译实用教程 》, 国防工业出版社, 2005 。 2. 谢国建, 《 英语翻译 》 (21世纪高职高专规划教材),机械工业出版社, 2005 。 参考书目: [1] 黄志顺等,《中级汉英翻译解析》,广东人民出版社,1998。 [2]许建平, 《英汉互译实践与技巧》, 清华大学出版社,2002。 吴景荣,程镇球,《新时代汉英大词典》,北京:商务印书馆,2001。. A very useful website for C-E Translation China daily Translation

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Unit 1 翻译标准

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  1. Unit 1 翻译标准

  2. 教材: • 宋天锡,《英汉互译实用教程》, 国防工业出版社,2005。 • 2. 谢国建,《英语翻译》(21世纪高职高专规划教材),机械工业出版社,2005。 • 参考书目: • [1] 黄志顺等,《中级汉英翻译解析》,广东人民出版社,1998。 • [2]许建平, 《英汉互译实践与技巧》, 清华大学出版社,2002。 • 吴景荣,程镇球,《新时代汉英大词典》,北京:商务印书馆,2001。

  3. A very useful website for C-E Translation • China daily Translation • (useful to check out some • popular Chinese words)

  4. 教学目标:在上学期学习英汉翻译的基础上,初步了解汉译英的概况,了解中国文化对汉译英的影响以及如何使译文准确、通顺、流利等。教学目标:在上学期学习英汉翻译的基础上,初步了解汉译英的概况,了解中国文化对汉译英的影响以及如何使译文准确、通顺、流利等。 • 教学形式 :教师讲授、学生讨论,课后练习。

  5. I. 汉英翻译与中西文化: •  1.文化:中国文化的丰富内涵: • 例如:阴历八月十五是中国的中秋节。中秋之夜,月亮显得最亮,月色也最美好。 • The 15th day of the eighth month in the lunar year is known as the traditional Mid-autumn Festival in China. On the Mid-autumn night, the moon looks most glorious and the moon-lit scene most enchanting.

  6. 2.广告或商业品牌的翻译 • 例如: • 芳芳: 可以引起美的联想-可以看到一位花容月貌的少女,而且好象闻到了她周身袭来的香气。 • fang 的含义:long sharp tooth, esp. of dogs or wolves (狗或狼的长牙);snake’s tooth with which it injects poison. • 另外:如蜜蜂(bees)带刺; • 轻身减肥片: • Obesity-reducing tablets??? • Slimming Pills

  7. 3. 成语的深刻含义: • 如:望子成龙: • long to see one’s son succeed in life; long to see one’s son become a dragon (i.e. win success in the world) • 《汉英成语词典》(北外编)

  8. 汉英翻译中的几点思考 • 鞍山钢铁学院外语系 张晓晖 • 关键词:文化背景表达差异chinglish • 摘要:本文就汉英翻译的特点及其翻译技巧,从文化背景、两种语言表达上的差异等方面进行探讨,对普遍存在的一个现象——Chinglish作重点评析。

  9. 汉英语言差异与汉英翻译点击去看看吧 • 摘要:翻译的本质是不同思维形式的转换,思维的方式决定着语言的表达形式;东西方不同的思维方式必然影响英汉语不同的表达方式,因此,在翻译过程中,必须按照译入语民族思维方式的特点,调整语句结构,以符合译入语的表达习惯,本文试图从英汉两种语言的不同的句式结构和语言表达形式为出发点,探讨英汉翻译的一些规律和技巧。 • 关键词:思维;语言形式;句子结构;翻译 • 中图分类号:H059  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1004 —3926 (2002) 12 —0322 —03

  10. II. 汉英翻译的原则 • 汉语译成地道英语的难度,出现各种各样的缺失:“中国式”英语(解决办法,阅读大量原作,观察、揣摩、总结并模仿英语的特点、规律和表达方法)。

  11. 行家对翻译原则的探讨 链接1:商贸汉英翻译的原则探索 链接2:商贸中英翻译的原则探索 • 作者:刘法公 • Exploring into the Principles of Chinese-English Business Translation

  12. 1.遵循三条原则: • 1) 译文必须符合英语的语法:三种轴心结构: • a. 主-系-表结构 (S+V+P) 例: a) 人类在地球上已存在多久了? How long has man been on earth? b) 牛奶变酸了。 Milk turns sour.

  13. b.  There be 结构 (表示存在有的概念,seem (appear) to be, seem, appear, stand, lie, get, become, arise, come) 例: a) 计算机有点毛病。 There is something wrong with the computer.

  14. b) 随着国民经济和国防事业的发展,对通信提出了新的要求。 As our national economy and national defense develop, there arises a new demand for communications. c) 从理论上讲,供应这么多水似乎不成问题。 In theory there seems to be no problem in supplying this amount of water.

  15. c. 主-谓-宾结构 (S+ V+O) a) 主-谓(主语+不及物动词) e..g. Wheels turn. 车轮转动。 b) 主-谓-宾 eg:Men turns wheels. 人们转动车轮。

  16. c) 主-谓-宾eg: Cows give us milk (give milk to us). to ask a favor of sb. to ask sb. for a favor. d) 主-谓-宾-宾补(可由名词,形,副词,动词不定式,分词,分词短语,介词短语等构成) eg:Thunder turns milk sour. 打雷使牛奶变酸。

  17. 2) 译文必须符合英语的习惯表达(英语惯用法,避免中国式英语):

  18. a. 百闻不如一见。 Seeing is believing. • b. 宣传 propaganda(少用,多含负面成分)political propaganda;publicity多用,为中性词 • c. 精神文明 spiritual civilization (含宗教色彩) ethical and cultural progress

  19. d. 街道妇女 不可冒然译成 “Street women/girls/ladies--prostitutes” • e. 我对他们都不喜欢。 I like none of them. • f. 世界上绝没有你刚才所说的那么一本书。 There is no such a book as you mentioned just now.

  20. g. 我认为他不够格。 I don’t think he is qualified. • h. 人们来五台山,目的可不都是一样。 People do not come to Wutai Mountain with one and the same purpose.

  21. 3) 译文应体现英语遣词造句的特点,同时又应因文体而有变化。 a. 名词使用频率高,特别是含有动作性质的抽象名词等,可以既包含丰富的信息又十分简洁。 b. 被动形式使用率高,表现能力强。 c. 语法要求严,一般来说句子较长。 d. 介词、非谓语动词、形容词和独立结构非常活跃。

  22. 练习: 爱情的定义 The Definition of Love • 有个大学三年级的女生,不算漂亮,甚至还多少有点丑。她见同班的女同学皆有了男友,惟独自己形影相吊,便感到挺自卑,还常常悄悄地掉泪。

  23. There was a junior college girl who could not be rated as beautiful and was even sort of ugly-looking. Seeing that her fellow girl students had their courting partners one by one and that she alone had only her own shadow in her company, she was all blues with a sense of inferiority and shed tears when she was by herself.

  24. 教心理学的老师觉察到这件事,就假冒一个男生的名义,给她写了封匿名的求爱信,这封信的末尾是:一个希望得到您的青睐的极其善良的男同胞。就这么一封信,也就一举改造了一个人。教心理学的老师觉察到这件事,就假冒一个男生的名义,给她写了封匿名的求爱信,这封信的末尾是:一个希望得到您的青睐的极其善良的男同胞。就这么一封信,也就一举改造了一个人。

  25. Having detected what was happening, her psychology teacher got an idea. In the name of a boy, he wrote an anonymous letter of love which ended with “a kind gentleman awaiting your favor.” The letter brought about transformation.

  26. 看看那原来自卑的女孩子吧!自打收到了这封信,就恢复了勇气和信心——她抬高了自己高贵的头,她的步伐从此充满了自信,她不再暗自垂泪,她奋发图强,她的拼搏使人感动。到了那年终,她果然以全优的成绩得到了全班同学的一致赞美!看看那原来自卑的女孩子吧!自打收到了这封信,就恢复了勇气和信心——她抬高了自己高贵的头,她的步伐从此充满了自信,她不再暗自垂泪,她奋发图强,她的拼搏使人感动。到了那年终,她果然以全优的成绩得到了全班同学的一致赞美!

  27. We turned to that girl only to find that she restored her courage and confidence ever since the letter reached her. With her head high with pride, her steps light with confidence, she went all out in her study and got all-As in the final examinations, which won the approval of all her fellow students.

  28. 于是我突然明白了爱情的定义。爱情是什么?她就是给人一个会展翅高飞的希望。于是我突然明白了爱情的定义。爱情是什么?她就是给人一个会展翅高飞的希望。 • I suddenly understand the definition of love. What is love? It is the hope with which one strives to achieve great heights. • HOMEWORK: • READ THE FIRST CHAPTER

  29. End of lesson

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