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Arrays for Point-of-Care Early Cancer Detection

Arrays for Point-of-Care Early Cancer Detection. James F. Rusling Departments of Chemistry & Cell Biology University of Connecticut and UCHC Storrs, CT, USA. Detecting cancer through protein biomarkers. Early cancer detection holds great promise for preventive therapies to avoid cancer.

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Arrays for Point-of-Care Early Cancer Detection

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  1. Arrays for Point-of-Care Early Cancer Detection James F. Rusling Departments of Chemistry & Cell Biology University of Connecticut and UCHC Storrs, CT, USA

  2. Detecting cancer through protein biomarkers • Early cancer detection holds great promise for preventive therapies to avoid cancer. • Cancer biomarkers are biomolecules (proteins) expressed in cancer and cancer-risk situations. • Measurement of collections of protein cancer biomarkers provides reliable diagnostics (~99% correct) • Genetic cancer markers important for full picture

  3. The Grand Challenge • Inexpensive point-of-care biosensor arrays for cancer biomarker screening • automated, easy to use and interpret • measure several hundred biomarkers in several drops of patient serum • achieve effective cancer prevention for millions • lead to new mechanism-based therapies

  4. Example: 4 Prostate Cancer BiomarkersProstate Specific Antigen (PSA) • glycoprotein MW 33 kD • PSA in serum: clinical method for detecting prostate cancer • 4-10 ng/mL up to 5 years before clinical signs of disease • PF4 – Platelet Factor 4 • Normal conc. in human plasma 2-10 ng/mL, early cancer>10 ng/mL • MMP-2 – Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 • zinc dependant proteinase;3 enhances tumor growth; human plasma conc. normal < 300 ng/mL; cancer 300-1200 ng/mL • PSMA - Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen • overexpressed in high grade prostate cancer; • human plasma conc. normal < 250 ng/mL; cancer 250-400 ng/mL

  5. One approach - electrochemical sandwich immunoassays • nanostructured electrodes • multi-label detection; • ultralow NSB

  6. The Dream Microfluidic system interfaced to multi-element Chip for sample, reagent, & wash automation. User need only add sample Multielectrode Chip - many capture antibodies Interfaced laptop provides data analysis, database comparisons, interpreted results, transmittal to physicians.

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