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Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients

Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients. Fertilizer = Any material containing one or more of the essential nutrient that is added to the soil or to plant foilage for the purpose of supplementing the plant nutrient supply. Types of Fertilizer.

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Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients

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  1. Chapter 5: Fertilizer – A Source of Plant Nutrients • Fertilizer = Any material containing one or more of the essential nutrient that is added to the soil or to plant foilage for the purpose of supplementing the plant nutrient supply.

  2. Types of Fertilizer • Simple Nutrient – Containing only a single nutrient. • Multi-Nutrient – Referred to as mixed or complex fertilizers. (can be blended or homogeneous)

  3. NH3 82-0-0 Is combined with hydrogen Very energy intensive Ammonia is absorbed readily Injected in soil Anhydrous Ammonia

  4. NH4OH 20-0-0 Dissolved in water Vapor pressure is low so can apply it with lower cost equipment Injected in soil or water Aqua Ammonia

  5. NH4NO3 34-0-0 Reacting nitric acid with anhydrous ammonia Prilled granulated or coated Applied by broadcast or drill Ammonia Nitrate

  6. Ammonia Nitrate - Lime • 26-0-0 • Contains Calcium Carbonate (40% limestone) • Same ways to apply as Ammonia Nitrate

  7. Ammonium Sulfate • (NH4)2SO4 • 21-0-0-24S • Contains 24% sulfur • Made by reacting anhydrous ammonia with sulfuric acid • Apply by drill or broadcast

  8. Calcium Nitrate • 5Ca(NO3)2 +NH4NO3 • 15.5-0-0-19 Ca • Product of Nitric phosphate+phosphate ore and ammonia • Final product is white granular product

  9. Nitrogen Solutions • Dry mixes in solution are used to enhance nitrogen availability • AN-20 Ammonia Nitrate • UAN-32 urea ammonium nitrate • CAN-17 Calcium nitrate ammonium nitrate • Salting out

  10. CO(NH2)2 46-0-0 Highest percent N of all dry fertilizers CO2 bubbled in Ammonia (pressure and temperatures) Highly water soluble Used in bulk blends Urea

  11. Nitrogen Solutions • Pressure or non pressure – Pressure solutions have more free ammonia than the solution can absorb, thus it must be contained in vessel. • AN-20, UAN-32,and CAN 17

  12. Single Superphosphate • Ca(H2PO4)2. H20 + CaSO4 .2H20 • 0-20-0 • Produced by reacting sulfuric acid with finely ground phosphate rock. • Highly insoluble

  13. Triple Superphosphate • Ca(H2PO4)2. H20 • 0-45-0 • Produced by reacting phosphoric acid with finely ground phosphate rock.

  14. Ammonium Phosphate • Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) 11-52-0 • Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) 18-46-0 • Ammonium Phosphate Sulfate 16-20-0-15(S) • Tech – higher grades of MAP & DAP, 12-61-0 and 21-53-0. • Liquid forms – 8-24-0, 9-30-0, 10-34-0, & 11-37-0

  15. Potassium Chloride • KCL • 0-0-60 • Known as Muriate of potash (MOP) • Least expensive so most commonly used.

  16. Potassium Sulfate • K2SO4 • 0-0-52 • Sulfate of Potash (SOP) • Used in crops that are subject to chloride toxicity or where K & S are deficient.

  17. Mono Potassium Phosphate • KH2PO4 • 0-52-34 • MKP • Useful dry or liquid

  18. Potassium Magnesium Sulfate • K2SO4.2MgSO4 • 0-0-22-11Mg- 22S • Does not contain chloride

  19. Potassium Nitrate • KNO3 • 13-0-45 • Water soluble fertilizer for injection in irrigation systems & foliar sprays.

  20. Organic Fertilizers • Types?

  21. Controlled Released Fertilizers • Why?

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