Poetry

1. Poetry Il Postino[The Postman] (Michael Radford, 1994) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

2. Poetry Watch Clip on YouTube. ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

3. Poetry Poetry Terms ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

4. How NOT to Read a Poem ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

5. Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sound's the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark, and deep. But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep. Poetry How NOT to Read a Poem ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

6. Poetry Mrs. D. was an imperious, white-haired woman who not only gave extra credit for every symbol we could find in The House of the Seven Gables (the chickens in the back yard = repressed sexuality, etc.) but concocted a humiliating scheme in which 11-A students would tutor 11-Bers, including me, thereby allowing close acquaintances to be more than ordinarily supercilious and condescending to their about-to-become-former-friend. The highlight of the year, however, was our discussion of Frost's "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening." The poem, we were told, and we had to regurgitate what we "learned" on a subsequent test, is about Santa Claus; indeed Kris Kringle is the speaker, taking a break "without a farm house near" to contemplate the work that yet lies ahead in delivering all those presents. (The "little horse" is, of course, really a reindeer; he thinks it odd to pause in an empty field because there is no house to deliver presents to; the speaker has "miles to go before [he] sleeps" because he has "promises to keep" to all those little boys and girls, etc.--you get the idea.) Though not yet literary, not yet even a reader, I smelled a rat. Such an approach seemed silly. How NOT to Read a Poem ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

7. Poetry How silly I realized only recently, while teaching introduction to literature at Middle Tennessee State University. In the required text, Michael Meyer's comprehensive Bedford Introduction to Literature, I was surprised to find an excerpt from Herbert R. Coursen, Jr.'s "The Ghost of Christmas Past: 'Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,'" an essay, originally published in College English in 1962, four years before I suffered through Mrs. D's class. A parody of poetic interpretation, a "how not to do it" guide, Coursen's essay had evidently been misread by Mrs. D. with all the literalism of the British audience of Swift's "Modest Proposal." She didn't get the joke, and she passed on her lack of discernment to us. All over Western Pennsylvania there are probably hundreds of people now in their fifties who think the poem is about Santa Claus. How NOT to Read a Poem

8. Poetry College English (December 1962). ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery How NOT to Read a Poem

9. I ask them to take a poem and hold it up to the light like a color slide or press an ear against its hive. I say drop a mouse into a poem and watch him probe his way out, or walk inside the poem's room and feel the walls for a light switch. I want them to waterski across the surface of a poem waving at the author's name on the shore. But all they want to do is tie the poem to a chair with rope and torture a confession out of it. They begin beating it with a hose to find out what it really means. Billy Collins Introduction to Poetry from The Apple that Astonished Paris (Fayetteville, Ark: University of Arkansas Press, 1996). How NOT to Read a Poem ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

10. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

11. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, an incomplete for my ironing, Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

12. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, an incomplete for my ironing, a B plus in bed. Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

13. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, an incomplete for my ironing, a B plus in bed. My son says I am average, an average mother, but if I put my mind to it I could improve. Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

14. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, an incomplete for my ironing, a B plus in bed. My son says I am average, an average mother, but if I put my mind to it I could improve. My daughter believes in Pass/Fail and tells me I pass. Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

15. My husband gives me an A for last night's supper, an incomplete for my ironing, a B plus in bed. My son says I am average, an average mother, but if I put my mind to it I could improve. My daughter believes in Pass/Fail and tells me I pass. Wait 'til they learn I'm dropping out. Linda Pastan Marks (1978) ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

16. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

17. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

18. Gestalt Shift Necker’s Cube ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

19. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

20. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

21. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery

22. Gestalt Shift ENGL 2030—Fall 2013 | Lavery