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Anatomy & Phys - Class Topics & Objectives

This is a comprehensive guide to the basics of anatomy and physiology, covering directional terminology, body planes, body cavities, characteristics of life, homeostasis, and feedback mechanisms. The article includes relevant keywords and references for further study.

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Anatomy & Phys - Class Topics & Objectives

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  1. Chap 1 notes Directional terminology Body planes Body cavities Characteristics of life Homeostasis Negative feedback Positive feedback “Discovery consists of seeing what everybody else has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.” Albert von Szent-Gyorgyi Begin Chap 1, the basics of anatomy and physiology. Title: Anat & Phys 8/24/06 Class Topics Objectives: Wednesday, January 1, 20205:31 PM

  2. Class Assignments What By When • Article Review 8/24/06 • Read 2000 m Row 8/28/06 • Chapter 1 Test 8/30/06 • Due this class period • Due next class period • Due in the future

  3. Directional Terminology • Superior (cranial) • Inferior (caudal) • Anterior (ventral) • Posterior (dorsal) • Medial • Lateral • Superficial (external) • Deep (internal) • Proximal • Distal

  4. Body Planes • Imaginary lines used to divide the body • Frontal (Coronal) • Sagittal • Mid-Sagittal • Transverse (Horizontal)

  5. Levels of organization • Chemical • atoms/molecules • Cellular • smallest functional unit • Tissue • epithelial • connective • muscular • nervous

  6. Levels of Organization • Organ • two or more types of tissues working together • System • 11 systems • Organism • all systems working together • used for survival and reproduction

  7. SystemsName the 11 systems • Which one isn’t necessary?

  8. http://www.templejc.edu/dept/biology/RHicks/biol2404Int/biol2404onl_LAB.htmhttp://www.templejc.edu/dept/biology/RHicks/biol2404Int/biol2404onl_LAB.htm Body Cavities • Dorsal • cranial • vertebral

  9. http://www.templejc.edu/dept/biology/RHicks/biol2404Int/biol2404onl_LAB.htmhttp://www.templejc.edu/dept/biology/RHicks/biol2404Int/biol2404onl_LAB.htm Body Cavities • Ventral • thoracic • pleural • pericardial • mediastinum • abdominopelvic • abdomen • pelvic

  10. Characteristics of life • Organization • Metabolism • Anabolism • Catabolism

  11. Characteristics of Life • Excitability • Stimuli • Muscle and nerve cells • Growth and Reproduction • hypertrophy and hyperplasia

  12. Homeostasis • Internal environment of the body kept relatively stable • state without change • Actually to maintain this our bodies are constantly changing • Hypothalamus - thermostat

  13. Homeostasis • Hot • Cold

  14. Negative Feedback Loop • Used to maintain a stable internal environment • Triggered by changes in the norm • usually temperature, pH, or hormonal From: http://www.biology-online.org/4/2_water_homeostasis.htm

  15. Negative Feedback From: http://cgee.hamline.edu/see/questions/dp_balance/dp_bal_feedback.htm

  16. http://www.polk.edu/INSTRUCT/Mash/drubin/hsc2554/Study%20Questions/SQ25.htmhttp://www.polk.edu/INSTRUCT/Mash/drubin/hsc2554/Study%20Questions/SQ25.htm

  17. http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog105/pages/demos/105/unit8/hormones.htmlhttp://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog105/pages/demos/105/unit8/hormones.html

  18. Positive feedback • Birth • Oxytocin (causes contractions) is released due to pressure on the cervix • More oxytocin is released due to increased pressure on the cervix • Ends when the fetus is expelled • Bleeding • clotting yields more clotting yielding more clotting - eventually stopped by stopped blood flow

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