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CASPER

String Cosmology of 11-Dimensional Spacetime Dr. Gerald B. Cleaver EUCOS-CASPER Baylor University. CASPER. www.baylor.edu/~CASPER. Science Fiction has become Science

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CASPER

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  1. String Cosmology of 11-Dimensional Spacetime Dr. Gerald B. Cleaver EUCOS-CASPER Baylor University CASPER www.baylor.edu/~CASPER

  2. Science Fiction has become Science • Extra Dimensions (7 to be exact) • Parallel Universes (at least 1 + maybe a few more) • Multiple Universes (perhaps ~ 1010^100) • Warped Spacetime • Time before Time • End of the Universe Predicted  Anti-Gravity is pulling apart our universe ~ in Trillion yrs even atoms torn apart

  3. Realized in String Theory (M-Theory) 500 Physicists seeking Einstein’s final goal the Theory of Everything (Physical)

  4. String Theory implies nature of reality & existence is more complex … more beautiful … yet more simple … then ever imagined before!

  5. Outline • Brief Intro to Strings/M-Theory • String Cosmology • Destiny of the Stringy Universe & Landscape of String Theory

  6. Visible Universe 13.7 billion light years In diameter = 8 x1022 mi trillion galaxies, trillion stars per galaxy

  7. All Matter & Forces in the UniverseUnified by String Theory

  8. Particles & ForcesLike Notes on a Violin String B A ♪♫ ♪♫ C D G ♪♫ ♪♫ ♪♫ ♪♫ E F

  9. Interactions of Lines (w/ infinites, anomalies, nonsense probabilities) Interactions of Surfaces (w/ sensible probabilities) 

  10. String Interactions consistent w/ Relativity

  11. Quantum MechanicsRequires String Theory w/9 + 1 Dimensional Spacetime Astronomy, OFotU

  12. Strings have two vibrations – CW & CCW Spin = # of Vibrations in our 3+1 Dim. Spacetime Gravitons = Spin 2 Particles = Strings w/ both vibes in 3+1 Dim S-T Photons, Gluons, W+,-, Z (non-grav. force part.) = Spin 1 Particles = Strings w/ 1 vibe in 3+1 Dim S-T & 1 vibe in 6 Dim Comp Space SUSY- Matter = Spin 0 Particles = Strings w/ both vibes in 6 Dim Comp Space

  13. Too Simple Circular Spherical Toroidal

  14. too simple … to generate exact “vibration” modes needed for strong & weak nuclear force particles (Gluons & W+,-, Z), to generate exact vibration modes needed for all matter particles (three generations of quarks, electrons, neutrinos, along with Higgs) So more complex shapes investigated …

  15. RequireCalabi-Yau Compactification for all 6 Compactified Dimensions 2 Dim Surface C-Y Surface—Need to extend to 6 Dim

  16. Energy Modes

  17. String Duality

  18. Only 3 Directions Inflated-Why?

  19. Finite Initial Size and Temperature of Universe

  20. String Explanation for Only3 Large Dimensions!

  21. P-dimensional Object Interactions

  22. Nagging Problem for 1st Decade (1985-95):Not Just 1 10-Dimensional String Theory But 5!

  23. Solution: Duality (Equality) of All 5 String Theories

  24. Each ‘Theory” is SAME THEORY IN DIFFERENTMATHEMATICAL LANGUAGE א O Ω Й ڜ

  25. Membrane String   w/ 10 Dim w/ 11 Dim

  26. Two 9-brane “Universes”= “Us & Them”and extra dimension between

  27. Compactify 6 of the 9 Spatial Directions of each Brane as Before

  28. Effective 5-Dimensional Theory

  29. Size of 5th Dimension? 10-33 cm < y < 0.1 mm

  30. Tests for sub-mm.directions Fgrav = -Gm1m2/r2 -Gm1m2/r2+n 1/r2 form of gravity being tested. Verified down to 0.15 mm at Univ. of Wash. with 97% confidence level

  31. Manufacturing of Stringy Blackholes! • If sub-mm. dimension then it may be possible to produce mini-black holes (with peco-second half-lives) at Fermilab & CERN this decade! NO THREAT TO THE EARTH (NOR EVEN CHICAGO OR GENEVA)!!! • Mini-black holes have distinct decays—easily identifiable! • Detectors for black holes under construction for Fermilab and CERN

  32. Proposed Explanation for Big BangImplying Time Before Time!

  33. Astronomy, OFotU

  34. The colliding Branes would not remain perfectly flat as they approach each other due to quantum effects. Big Bang Inflations occurs in bumps on Branes that collide first. Multiple, separated, Big Bang regions might have been formed from distinct collision points of Branes! Multiple universes on our Brane besides 1+ Parallel Branes along an extra spatial direction 

  35. M-Theory & Our Standard 3 Large Dimensions

  36. Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) history

  37. CMB CMB Temp = 2.73 Degrees above absolute Zero Temp variations of 1 part in 100,000 denoted by color variations Blue is hottest, Red is coldest

  38. Recent Observation of Earliest Galaxies—Formed 1 billion years after Big Bang

  39. OBSERVATION: Eight distant infant galaxies -- essentially giant globs of hydrogen with a few hot young stars -- lie inside a thin filament, visualized with a computer overlay. The hot stars make the hydrogen glow. Other objects in the image are nearer galaxies or stars.

  40. New Scientist, 5 Feb 2005

  41. String Landscape ~ 10100 Models (with Fluxes) in M-Theory

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