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THE RENAISSANCE

THE RENAISSANCE .

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THE RENAISSANCE

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  1. THE RENAISSANCE

  2. In the 14th century in Italy therewas a rebirthof art, literature and philosophy, thatwerememberas HUMANISM. Thisarrived in England only in the 15thcenturybecauseheretherewere a lotofwars, like “the HundredYears’ War” and “the Warsof the Roses”.

  3. The mostimportantaspectsof the Renaissance were: • - the culture • -the economy • - the geographicalexpansions • - the scientificinnovations

  4. THE CULTURE • The English scholarswent in Italy toattend the universitytolearnGreek and Latin. Whentheyreturned at home theyfoundedclassicalschoolsand theytranslated a lotofItalianpoems, so theyintroduced in the English literature the sonnet , a short text in verses. Oneof the mostimportantauthorofthisperiodwas Thomas More with “L’utopia”.

  5. The economy • In the Renaissance therewas the birth of a new social class: the merchants. Theybelongedto the middle-class and theywereinterested in trade, commerce and the economicdevelopment. Thisclassbecamerichalsothankstoprotestantreformsbecausecatholicmonasteriesweredissolved and the laudswere sold tothisnewclass.

  6. THEGEOGRAPHICALEXPANSIONS • Henry VIII founded the modern English Navy, he tripled the number of warships, he built new freights with headlight system that facilitated the navigation. In 1588 the royal navy defeated the Spanish armada. • During the Elizabeth I’s reign Francis Drake circumnavigated the earth. He was the second to do this, only after Magellano. In 1579 arrived In California that he called nova albiom. The first colony was founded in Virginia in 1584, but it had a short life because there wasn’t food and the clime was the worst.

  7. THE SCIENTIFIC INNOVATIONS • In 1543 NiccoloCopernico, with his “ De Revolutionibusorbiumcoelestium” suggested the right vision of the solar system. Here Copernico did a new eliocentricteory that took the place of the tolemaicteory. So the sun, and not the earth, was the center of the solar system.

  8. THE TUDORS From the 1485 to 1568

  9. Henry VII Elizabeth of York Henry VIII Anne Boleyn Catherine ofAragon Jane Seymour Mary Tudor Elizabeth I Edward VI

  10. HENRY VII (1485-1509) • A “treatywith France” goinghimrecognation. • A trade “treatywith the Netherlands” • Strengthned the monarchy and tournedEngland in a modern state • RenforcingEngland’s trading position • Foundationof english navalpowerbyincreasedspending on shipbuilding. England haditsownmerchantfleet and extendeditsmilitarypower

  11. HENRY VIII (1509-1547) • Henry VII’s second son • A natural sportsman, popularbothwith the english elite and the english pubblic • Called the “Golden prince” bothforhisnaturalgood look and chivarly and education • Granted the titleof “Defenderof the faith” by Pope in Latin in 1521

  12. HENRY VIII • Married Catherine ofAragonwho bore him a daugther: Mary I • Asked the Pope for a divorcedtomarry Anne Boleyn • BrokewithRomewhen the Pope refused and declaredhimself “Supreme head of the Church of England” • Anna Boleyngavehim a seconddaughter, Elizabeth • Henry went on tohavefour more wives and one son, Edward VIfrom Jane Seymour

  13. MARY I (1547-1553) • The daugtherof Henry VII and Catherine ofAragon • Refusedtoabandon the catholicfaith • TriedtorestoreEngland topapalobedience • Married the catholic Philip ofSpain • Her nickname was “bloodymary” • Diedwithoutanheir

  14. EDWARD VI (1553-1558) • The son of Jane Seymour and Henry VII • Madeprotestantdoctrine more fullyaccepted • Usedsameof the confiscatedwealthofconvents • Replaced the old latin with the book of common prayer in english

  15. ELIZABETH I (1558-1603) • Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn’s daughter • Became queen of a dividednation, the majorityofwhichwasanti-catholic and anti-spanish • Shewas 25 and had a strong personality,a lively intelligence and a passionatecharacter • Shehadreceivedanexcellenteducation: shecouldspeakfrench, latin and italian

  16. ELIZABETH I • Herchurchofenglandrestored the countryfirmlytoprotestantism • Wasunmarried and usedthisas a politicalweapon • Saidthat the queen wasmarriedtoher people and became the “virgin queen” • Went on royalprogressestobeseen and togettoknowher people • Inspiredmusic,drama,poetry and literaturewith William Shakespeare

  17. ELIZABETH I • Recognisedspainashermaintraderival and enemy • Expandendexploration and overseas • EncouragedseacaptainsFrancis Drake and Walter Raleigh in theirpiracyagainstspanishships and took a share of the profits • Defeated the SpanishArmada in 1588 • Laid the basisofEngland’s empire charteringsevencompanies.

  18. THE SONNET • The sonnetcamefrom Italy . the form reached its greatest expression with the italian poet Petrarch. • The italian, or Petrarchan sonnet consist of an octave, usually rhyming ABBA ABBA, and a sestet, which may rhyme CDE CDE or CDC DCD. • The English or shakespeareansonnet is divided into three quatrains and a couplet, it rhymes ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.

  19. Shall I compare theeWilliam Shakespeare SONNET XVIII “Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow rest. So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee.” • Thissonnetcloses the sequence on the themeofincreasedevotedto the ‘fair youth’ and develops the themeof the awarenessof the transienceof beauty. • In the first part weretrouve a questionand the answer. The poet compares his beloved to summer, but realizes that she is more lovely than the violent winds that ruin ‘the darling buds’. Also the summer is shoter. • In the second part we have a justification to the answer. In fact the heat of the sun does darken the skin, causing you to lose the beauty in anything. • In the third part there is a promise. the summer will never end,not even the beaty, not even the death brag • In the last part : the result of the promise.

  20. « Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? A Thou art more lovely and more temperate. B Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, AAnd summer's lease hathall too short a date. B Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, CAnd often is his gold complexion dimmed, DAnd every fair from fair sometime declines, CBy chance or nature's changing course untrimmed; D But thy eternal summer shall not fade, ENor lose possession of that fair thou owest; FNor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, EWhen in eternal lines to time thou grow rest. F So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, G So long lives this and this gives life to thee.» G * thee=you Hath=has Try=your • Sensory experience, something seen with the mind. A true comparison. *intensifier *figure ofspeechabout the sun • the heavenlyeffects *Is a sinonymof beauty. Represente the lovely and temperate. • Earthly love *represent the eternity * The schemeof the rhyme * the turningpoint • Last words. Does reflect about love and the effects that it causes

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