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What is Motion?

What is Motion?. Chapter 9 Section 1 and 3. Recognizing Motion. Reference Point : a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion. . Recognizing Motion.

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What is Motion?

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  1. What is Motion? Chapter 9 Section 1 and 3

  2. Recognizing Motion • Reference Point: • a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.

  3. Recognizing Motion • Suppose you are sitting in a seat on a bus as it drives down the road. Your teacher gets up and walks down the aisle toward the front of the bus… • Who is moving if the seats are your reference point? • Who is moving if the trees outside the bus are the reference point? • Perception of motion depends on your reference point.

  4. Recognizing Motion • An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point. • when its distance from the reference point changes. • Whether an object is in motion or not depends on your point of view (reference point).

  5. Speed The distance an object travels in a certain time • Speed = Distance units = (m/s) or (km/hr) Time Average speed = total distance total time

  6. Example 1: • At what speed is a plane flying if it travels 1760 meters in 8 seconds? • s = d/t • s = 1760m / 8s • s = 220 m/s

  7. More Examples: 2) A car travels 240 kilometers in 3 hours. What is the speed of the car during that time? 3) The speed of a cruise ship is 50 km/hr. How far will the ship travel in 14 hours? 4) A cyclist travels 32 km during the first 2 hours of riding, and 13 km during the next hour. What is the average speed of the cyclist?

  8. Velocity • speed in a given direction. • Velocity = Distance Time • Note that the velocity equation is the same as the speed equation

  9. Acceleration • A change in velocity over a certain amount of time. • increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing direction • (a)=Final Velocity (vf)-Initial Velocity (vi) Time (t) • a = ∆v Units: m/s2 t

  10. Examples: 5) A car is traveling at 6 m/s. It accelerates to 16 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car? 6) A roller coaster is moving at 25 m/s at the bottom of a hill. Three seconds later it reaches the top of the next hill, moving at 10 m/s. What is the acceleration of the roller coaster?

  11. Graphing Motion • distance vs. time graph • distance on the y-axis • time on the x-axis • The slope tells you the speed. • slope = rise run = y2-y1 x2-x1

  12. Graphing Motion 7) Constant Forward Motion 8) Constant Backward Motion 9) Speeding Up 10) Slowing Down 11) Changing Direction 12) No Motion d t

  13. Practice Questions 13) One jet plane is flying east at 880 km/hr and another plane is traveling north at 880 km/hr. Do they have the same speed? The same velocity? Explain. 14) A swimmer speeds up from 1.1 m/s to 1.3 m/s during the last 20 seconds of her workout. What is her acceleration during this interval? 15) Which is going faster, a boy who runs 40 m in 8 s or a girl who runs 55 m in 10 s?

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