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Measurement of Tracers Using the Trace Organic Gas Analyzer (TOGA) During INTEX-B II C-130

Measurement of Tracers Using the Trace Organic Gas Analyzer (TOGA) During INTEX-B II C-130. Dan Riemer Alan Hills Barkley Sive Frank Flocke Louisa Emmons. TOGA – trace organics analyzer MIRAGE/INTEX. GC-MS – Based System - ~30 compounds HCs, CFCs, OVOCs,

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Measurement of Tracers Using the Trace Organic Gas Analyzer (TOGA) During INTEX-B II C-130

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  1. Measurement of Tracers Using the Trace Organic Gas Analyzer (TOGA) During INTEX-B II C-130 Dan Riemer Alan Hills Barkley Sive Frank Flocke Louisa Emmons

  2. TOGA – trace organics analyzerMIRAGE/INTEX GC-MS – Based System - ~30 compounds HCs, CFCs, OVOCs, e.g, methanol, toluene, benzene, toluene, mtbe, acetonitrile, etc. Chromatographically separated – mass selected – high sensitivity (< 1 pptv for some VOCs) All species collected simultaneously Complementary to D. Blake, E. Atlas at al. can measurements

  3. Summary - Methodology 3 – Plumes: 2 North American, 1 Asian Enhanced tracers [ ] that correlate with CO, etc. VOCs: Hydrocarbons, Oxy hydrocarbons e.g., Methanol, Acetone, Benzene, Toluene, acetaldehyde, CH3CN Asian: Look for mtbe – additive to fuel – rel short lifetime Like Mexico – tracer for anthro combustion (specific, unlike ethyne or toluene), CH3CN (HCN)… North America – No mtbe Ratios of Species – Benzene/Tol, Butane/isobutane, Methanol/acetonitrile, PAN/PPN…..

  4. May 3 Flight CA Central Valley • Biogenic Plume • Huge Methanol – HCHO formation • High MeBr (Phase out) • High Acetaldehyde (Biogenic) • PAN/PPN >10 Methyl Bromide Thomas Karl: Poster – more on methanol

  5. April 24 Plume North America Plume 1 Plume 2 Plume 2 Plume 1 PAN/PPN ~ 9 High methanol Acetontrile Benz/tol =~ 1 “Fresh” plume ΔCH3CN/ ΔMeOH = 16 (Plume 1) BB Character Acetonitrile Benzene Toluene MODIS Frank Flocke: Poster – more on PAN/PPN

  6. May 1 Plume: Rapid transport from Asia Methanol Acetone mek PAN/PPN ~ 8 (1) 8.9 (2) High methanol, Benzene Benz/tol =~ 6 (1), 13 (2) ΔCH3CN/ ΔMeOH = 40 (1), 30 (2) Anthropogenic w/possible BB Acetonitrile Benzene Toluene MTBE Plume 1 Trajectory Clear mtbe signature bt also CH3CN

  7. Conclusions – next steps • Preliminary – start of discussion • Characterize all plumes encountered during experiment • Plumes often “mixed” character and dilute • Fascinating air-sea behavior for Acetonitrile and some oxygentated species See…. Thomas Karl Poster – methanol + anything else Acknowledgement: We thank the NCAR/RAF Mirage and NASA INTEX-B team for excellent logistical support and vital collaboration.

  8. Effect of Ocean – L. Emmons

  9. May 1 PAN/PPN plume 1 = 8.1 Plume 2 = 8.75 HCN= enhanced both plumes ~ 1 ppbv plume 1, no hcn/co ratios – missing co Isobutane/butane ratio depressed plume 1 Methanol/acetonitrile rel high Plume 1 is ~ 6-8 days old, plume 2 is 13 days old photochemical calculation assuming tol/benz=6/1 oh = 1e6 and no dilution, no bb May 3 PAN/PPN goes quite high (>10 up to 17) MeOH/acetontrile>100 HCN not enhanced Benzene/toluene Some anthro hc precursors but most formaldehyde acetaldehyde due to biogenics April 24 PAN/PPN – plume 1>9 plume 2 –also high Benz tol relatively high – fresh plume Notes

  10. May 1

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