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DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DNA

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DNA. DNA Discovery - 1953. James Watson & Francis Crick Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins Important discovery. What is DNA?. Definition DNA & chromosomes Cell nucleus Genetic information Proteins. DNA Structure. Double helix 1. Twisted ladder

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DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DNA

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  1. DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DNA

  2. DNA Discovery - 1953 • James Watson & Francis Crick • Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins • Important discovery

  3. What is DNA? • Definition • DNA & chromosomes • Cell nucleus • Genetic information • Proteins

  4. DNA Structure • Double helix • 1. Twisted ladder • 2. Compact • Sides of ladder • 1. Sugars and • phosphates • 2. No inheritance • function

  5. DNA Structure (cont.) • Rungs of ladder • 1. Two nitrogen bases • 2. Adenine, thymine, guanine • cytosine • 3. Base pairs • 4. Pattern of base • pairs

  6. DNA Replication • DNA unzips • Nucleotide • 1. Sugar, phosphate and • nitrogen base • 2. Cell nucleus • Nucleotides/unzipped • strands • Sugar & phosphates

  7. Protein Synthesis • Base sequence • 1. Definition • 2. 100-1,000 bases long • 3. Forms a code • 4. Examples (condensed) AGTTC = human muscle protein CGAGTTCG = human skin protein TAGGCT = earthworm protein CCAGATCGA = bacteria protein

  8. HUMAN INSULIN agaagaggcc atcaagcaga tcactgtcct tctgccatgg ccctgtggat gcgcctcctg cccctgctgg cgctgctggc cctctgggga cctgacccag ccgcagcctt tgtgaaccaa cacctgtgcg gctcacacct ggtggaagct ctctacctag tgtgcgggga acgaggcttc ttctacacac ccaagacccg ccgggaggca gaggacctgc aggtggggca ggtggagctg ggcgggggcc ctggtgcagg cagcctgcag cccttggccc tggaggggtc cctgcagaag cgtggcattg tggaacaatg ctgtaccagc atctgctccc tctaccagct ggagaactac tgcaactaga cgcagcccgc aggcagcccc ccacccgccg cctcctgcac cgagagagat ggaataaagc ccttgaacc

  9. Protein Synthesis (cont.) • Problem • 1. DNA in nucleus • 2. Proteins built in cytoplasm • RNA – ribonucleic acid • 1. Ribose sugar • 2. One side of ladder • 3. Uracil not thymine

  10. Protein Synthesis (cont.) • Building a protein • 1. DNA unzips • 2. RNA reads code • 3. RNA brings code • to cytoplasm • 4. Protein built • on ribosome

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