Intro to Speech Structure

1. Intro to Speech Structure Extemp and Oratory practice “Favorite Movies” speech

2. EXTEMP • Extemporaneous means to speak conversationally without much preparation • Rules: draw 3 topics and have 30 minutes to prepare • Topics are in question format • Topics deal with current events in either DOMESTIC or FOREIGN issues • Speech will be your developed answer to the question • No notes used, but speak from what you know rather than trying to “memorize” lines • Time should be 5-7 minutes

3. ExtempIntroduction Components • Attention-getter • Story, joke, anecdote • Shocking stats, quotes • Link to the Audience • Who are they • Why should they care about this issue? • Credibility • Who are you • What makes you an authority and/or interested in this topic/issue • Thesis • In Extemp, this is where you STATE YOUR QUESTION exactly like it is written on your topic slip • Phrase the transition in a unique way • SIGNPOST • Preview to your 3 main points • VERY IMPORTANT! • This a road map to the rest of your speech- state them EXACTLY.

4. Extemp BODY Components • TRANSITION (include direction of the topic) • First main point • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • TRANSITION (include direction of the topic) • Second main point • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • TRANSITION (include direction of the topic) • Third main point • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • You should have 2-3 cited sources PER MAIN POINT • There should NEVER be confusion about what your topic/question is throughout • Be sure your main points are memorable (use a vehicle, such as ANALOGY, THREES, etc.)

5. Extemp Conclusion Components • Transition • Remind judge/audience of your question/topic • SUMMARY • This is the same as your SIGNPOST and your MAIN POINTS • Be sure to remind your judge/audience of what you covered • CLINCHER • Round out your speech • Tie back to the Intro • Tie into main points • Ask yourself: • Did I state the question? • Did I continuously answer the question throughout? • Did I explain my answer to the question? Did I make my position clear? • Did I cite all of my sources clearly? Did they make sense? Were they relevant? • Did I follow clear speech structure? • 5-7 minutes?

6. Oratory • This speech should INSPIRE your audience and make them think… • It should express your views on a social problem, explain what caused/causes the problem, and the SOLUTION to the problem • What ACTION can we take to solve it? • Time should be 8-10 minutes • The audience/judge should leave feeling inspired and thoughtful

7. Oratory Introduction Components • Attention-getter • Story, joke, anecdote • Shocking stats, quotes • Link to the Audience • Who are they • Why should they care about this issue? • Credibility • Who are you & what makes you an authority and/or interested in this topic/issue • WHAT WAS YOUR INSPIRATION FOR WRITING THIS? • Thesis • In Oratory, this is where your topic & direction will be made clear • SIGNPOST • Preview to your 3 main points • Phrase them with a VEHICLE in mind (theme, analogy, etc.) • VERY IMPORTANT! • This a road map to the rest of your speech- state them EXACTLY.

8. Oratory BODY Components • TRANSITION (said as you walk) • First main point • This is where you will set up the PROBLEM • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • TRANSITION (include direction of the topic) • Second main point • This is where you will set up the CAUSE of the PROBLEM • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • TRANSITION (include direction of the topic) • Third main point • This is where you will set up the SOLUTION • Break into 2-3 subpoints, which include for EACH: • CLAIM • SUPPORT (site source) • WARRANT • You should have 2-3 cited sources PER MAIN POINT • There should NEVER be confusion about what your topic is throughout • Be sure your main points are memorable (use a vehicle, such as ANALOGY, THREES, etc.)

9. Oratory Conclusion Components • Transition • Remind judge/audience of your topic • SUMMARY • This is the same as your SIGNPOST and your MAIN POINTS • Be sure to remind your judge/audience of what you covered • CLINCHER • Round out your speech • Tie back to the Intro • Tie into main points • Ask yourself: • Did I inspire the judge/ audience? • Did I move the audience to take action/solve the problem? • Did I make the audience think about something in a new way? • Did I make my position clear? • Did I incorporate a mix of humor and serious content? • Did I achieve my goals?

10. Delivery Tips • Eyes • Look at people in your audience to gain credibility and make emotional contact between your words and your audience • Change eye contact on thought groups • Careful not to flit around the room without purpose, not really contacting with anyone • Avoid searching the ceiling, floor or around the room for memory recall, etc. • Mouth/Face • Smile at appropriate times • Be sure your facial expressions match the emotional tone in your words • Stance/body • Be sure you stand up straight and lift your shoulders to appear confident • Avoid nervous movements such as rocking, pacing, or shifting feet/weight • Gestures • Make sure your hands are used with purpose • Stress main ideas with deliberate gestures • Avoid nervous gestures such as gripping/grasping clothes, pockets, hair, etc. during delivery • Feet placement • Plant your feet, don’t shift! • Walk with purpose • Utilize the diamond pattern to create interest

11. Practicing Speech Structure • My Three Favorite Movies • Intro • A. AG: a movie line, a movie statistic, announcer voice, etc. • B. Say something about why you love movies • C. SIGNPOST: “My three favorite movies are X, Y, and Z • Transition: “My first favorite movie is X…” • Body • A. Movie X • Brief plot synopsis of Movie X • Why you love Movie X • *you might include reviews/lines, etc. for support as you go • Transition: “A second movie I love is Y…” • B. Movie Y • Brief plot synopsis of Movie Y • Why you love Movie Y • Transition: “A third movie favorite of mine is Z…” • C. Movie Z • Brief plot synopsis of Movie Z • Why you love Movie Z • Transition: “A second movie I love is Y…” • Conclusion • A. Summary of Movies X,Y,Z • B. Call for Action: briefly encourage your audience to see these movies • C. Clincher: round out the speech (tie back to something in the Intro, etc.)