Speech Organization: Intro + Body + Conclusion

1. Speech Organization: Intro + Body + Conclusion Chapters 9 and 10 Lecture/Recap (also tying in Chapters 7 and 8—because of snow days)

2. What does “Strategic Organization” Mean? Necessary for Public Speaking? (Why/Why not?)

3. Review • General Purpose: To Inform • Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about… • Remember—Concise. Do not include too many ideas • When using “and” • Is it connecting two unrelated ideas? • Could the speech topic be narrowed down more? • Is it concise enough? Is it detailed enough? • Central idea: Thesis statement

4. Body of the Speech

5. Main Points • Expresses central idea • Amount? • Be strategic • Too many? • Fits time frame? • Amount of time on each • More complex/more supporting materials = more time • Huge differences in time? • Help your audience process the information • Keep main points separate • Similar (or recognizable) patterns • Effective organization

6. Organization of Main Points • Chronological • Spatial • Causal • Problem-Solution • Topical

7. Example -Central idea: Facebook has the potential to affect the type and quality of interpersonal relationships among teenagers - Main Points: I. FB causes faster relationships to form II. FB causes conflict III. FB limits face-to-face interaction

8. Examples • Chronological Order (follows time pattern) • Main Point 1 – First, individuals add friends and have minimum communication • Main Point 2 – Overtime, individuals begin to communicate more through FB messaging

9. examples • Spatial Order (follows a directional pattern) • Main Point 1 – FB in high schools • Main Point 2 – FB in colleges OR • Main Point 1 – FB among teens in Georgia • Main Point 2 – FB among teens in Maryland

10. Examples • Causal Order (presents cause-effect relationship) • Main Point 1: FB causes less face-to-face interaction • Main Point 2: People use FB more for discussing problems rather than using spoken messages. • Main Point 3: This affects the way in which teens can communicate effectively outside of technology

11. examples • Problem-Solution (self explanatory) • Main Point 1: Research shows FB has led to bullying • Main Point 2: People argue that FB should launch an anti-bullying campaign

12. Examples • Topical Order • Main Point 1: FB and friendships • Main Point 2: FB and romantic relationships • Main Point 3: FB and family

13. What would be the best organizational pattern? • Informing audience about unemployment rates across the US • Informing audiences on the application process for Financial Aid • Informing audiences on the effects of smoking • Informing audiences about the different academic programs at Gordon

14. Using your supporting materials • Remember: Examples, stats, and testimony—three common types • Must support your main ideas, which support your central idea/thesis • Must organize your supporting material • Will fit in as sub-points/minor points

15. Connectives • Helps with organization; guides your audience through your speech • Transitions • Internal Preview • Signposts (e.g. questions)

16. Introductions and Conclusions

17. Introductions • Objective 1: Gain their attention and interest • Make your topic relatable • Explain the importance of your topic (to your audience) • Startle your audience • Build suspense (and their curiosity) • Use rhetorical questions • Use a powerful (and relevant) quote • Tell a story

18. How could you gain attention? How could you make this relatable? • Social Security • Coffee • Illiteracy • Laughter • Steroids • Blood donations

19. Introductions • Objective 2:Reveal your topic • Objective 3: Establish credibility and goodwill • Objective 4: Provide a preview of your main points • ***Objective 5: Explain your central idea/thesis • Is this the right spot?

20. When creating your introduction: • Remember each objective • Keep it brief • Be creative • While researching, look for valuable intro material • Many write the introduction after their main points • Practice delivering your introduction • Do not write out your entire introduction; use outline format

21. Conclusions • Signal the end of the speech • More creative than “In Conclusion” • Reinforce the central idea/thesis • Summarize your main points • End with a quote • End with a dramatic statement • Circle back to your introduction

22. Conclusions • For your next speech, your conclusion will: • Signal the end (without saying “In Conclusion”) • Reinforce your central idea/Summarize your main points • Provide memorable close (e.g. quote, dramatic statement, circling back to your introduction) • Make sure to practice your conclusion; be creative

23. Speech Workshop • Create a speech using the research on your topic • Should have clear introduction, body, and conclusion • Each person should practice with an oral citation • Example: “According to a 2012 article on taxes found on IRS.com……” • Example: Dr. Goldman is a professor at Gordon State College who researchers this topic. According to a research paper she wrote in 2013……” • Example: “Scientist Will Scott conducted an investigation on __________. His findings were reported in Scientist Today in 2014. He found that….” • Extemporaneous delivery • Consider taking notes in keyword outline format • Hint: will come in handy for next speech workshop • Thursday class meeting—Outlining and Visual Aids • Read handout on faculty webpage (with chapter) • Will have speech workshop in class; will have HW/speech workshop due (see faculty webpage)