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User Interface Evaluation

User Interface Evaluation. Usability Inquiry Methods http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/ http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/UsabilityHome.html. Usability Inquiry Methods. Usability experts learn about the users ’ likes, dislikes, needs, etc. of the system through: Observation Verbal questioning

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User Interface Evaluation

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  1. User Interface Evaluation Usability Inquiry Methods http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/ http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/UsabilityHome.html

  2. Usability Inquiry Methods • Usability experts learn about the users’ likes, dislikes, needs, etc. of the system through: • Observation • Verbal questioning • Written questioning • Widely used in practice. • Different methods have different costs, but in general, this is relatively cheap.

  3. Usability Inquiry Methods • Contextual Inquiry • Field Observation • Questionnaires • Interviews • Focus Groups • Logging Actual Use

  4. Contextual Inquiry • Contextual Inquiry is also known as proactive field studies. • Applicable Stages: • Requirements & Design • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 2.

  5. Contextual Inquiry • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: No • Efficiency: No • Satisfaction: No • Quantitative Data is NOT collected. • Can NOT be conducted remotely. • Can be used on any system.

  6. Contextual Inquiry • What is it? • Before designing the system, the expert(s) visit the users’ workplace and question them. • This should occur before any design has been done.

  7. Contextual Inquiry • How can I do it? • Determine who your users are. • Go visit them where they work.

  8. Contextual Inquiry • How can I do it? • Talk to them about the system • How do they currently do their job? • How would you like to do your job? • What do you like about the current system/method? • What don’t you like about the current system/method? • http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/context.htm • http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/FieldStu.htm

  9. Field Observation • Applicable Stages: • Test & Deployment • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 2.

  10. Field Observation • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: Yes • Efficiency: No • Satisfaction: Yes • Quantitative Data is NOT collected. • Can NOT be conducted remotely. • Can be used on any system.

  11. Field Observation • What is it? • Usability experts observe users in the field using the system/product.

  12. Field Observation • How can I do it? • Go to the users’ workplace and simply observe. • Things to look for: • What is the user’s mental model? • Are the users using it the way you expect? • You don’t want them to know you are evaluating them. • http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/FieldObs.htm

  13. Questionnaires • Applicable Stages: • Any stage of development (depending on the questions) • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 2.

  14. Questionnaires • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: Yes • Efficiency: No • Satisfaction: Yes • Quantitative Data is NOT collected. • Can be conducted remotely. • Can be used on any system.

  15. Questionnaires • What is it? • Written lists of questions that you distribute to your users.

  16. Questionnaires • How can I do it? • Develop a list of questions on paper, web, email, etc. and give the questionnaire(s) to the users. • The users will answer the questions and return the questionnaires to you. • http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/question.htm • http://www.acm.org/~perlman/question.html

  17. Interviews • Applicable Stages: • Any stage of development (depending on the questions) • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 1.

  18. Interviews • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: Yes • Efficiency: No • Satisfaction: Yes • Quantitative Data is NOT collected. • Can be conducted remotely. • Can be used on any system.

  19. Interviews • What is it? • You interview users and ask them questions.

  20. Interviews • How can I do it? • Develop a list of questions for the users. • Meet with the users, individually. • Ask them the questions and log the responses • Written and/or taped

  21. Interviews • How can I do it? • Interview Tips: • Clearly define this is an interview. • Ask open ended questions to get the user talking. Yes-No questions are bad. • Begin with less demanding topics and progress to more difficult topics. • Don’t ask questions to support your belief or hypothesis. • Do not answer your own questions. • Do not agree or disagree … remain neutral.

  22. Interviews • How can I do it? • Probes: used to encourage the subjects to continue speaking, or to guide their response in a particular direction • Addition Probe • Encourages more information or clarifies certain responses from the test users. Either verbally or nonverbally the message is, "Go on, tell me more," or "Don't stop."

  23. Interviews • How can I do it? • Reflecting Probe • Uses a nondirective technique, encourages the test user to give more detailed information. The interviewer can reformulate the question or synthesize the previous response as a proposition. • Directive Probe • Specifies the direction in which a continuation of the reply should follow without suggesting any particular content. A directive probe may take the form of "Why is the (the case)?"

  24. Interviews • How can I do it? • Defining Probe • Requires the subject to explain the meaning of a particular term or concept. • http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/surveys.htm • http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/Interview.htm

  25. Focus Groups • Applicable Stages: • Test & Deployment • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 6.

  26. Focus Groups • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: Yes • Efficiency: No • Satisfaction: Yes • Quantitative Data is NOT collected. • Can be conducted remotely with email, bulletin boards, conference calls, etc. • Can be used on any system.

  27. Focus Groups • What is it? • A group of users are gathered to talk about the system. • The expert acts as the moderator. • Should conduct more than 1 focus group.

  28. Focus Groups • How can I do it? • Bring a group of users together and begin. • Collect data • http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/FocusGro.htm

  29. Logging Actual Use • Applicable Stages: • Test & Deployment • Personnel • Usability Experts, approximately 1. • Developers, 0. • Users, 6.

  30. Logging Actual Use • Usability Issues Covered • Effectiveness: Yes • Efficiency: Yes • Satisfaction: Maybe • Quantitative Data is NOT collected, in most cases. • Can be conducted remotely. • Can be used on most systems.

  31. Logging Actual Use • What is it? • The computer automatically collect usage data. • You could ask the user to log their usage, but that’s not practical.

  32. Logging Actual Use • How can I do it? • Usability Logger • http://www.usabletools.com/ • Automatic capture of keyboard, mouse, etc. • VideoCam and other products.

  33. Logging Actual Use • Facts On Logging Actual Use • You know exactly what the user is doing. • You don’t know why, but you do know what, when, where. • You don’t know how the user feels. • http://www.cs.umd.edu/~zzj/Logging.htm

  34. Usability Inquiry Methodsmost useful • Contextual Inquiry • Field Observation • Questionnaires • Interviews • Focus Groups (least useful) • Logging Actual Use

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