S-153

1. S-153 Florida Department of Law EnforcementCriminal Justice Standards and Training Commission S-153 S-153 CJSTC Use Of ForceApplication Tool Law Enforcement Scenarios Part 2 (26-50) CMS Criminal Justice Defensive Tactics CJK_0051

2. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Can I physically control the subject? Could I use a nonlethal weapon not meant to cause death or great bodily harm? Is deadly force the appropriate option to prevent death or great bodily harm to myself or others? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? CJSTC Use of Force Application Exercise Scenarios—Part 2 (choose one) Law Enforcement2627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748 4950

3. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 26 You respond as a backup officer to a local motel for a trespasser in the front lobby. The assigned officer is already on scene and radios for dispatch to send more units. As you arrive you go into the lobby, which is a small, cramped area. The hotel manager and two other people are behind the counter pointing and screaming towards the back of the lobby, where you hear what sounds like a fight taking place. As you move towards the sounds, you find the original officer on his back on the floor with a subject dressed in heavy, layered clothing kneeling over him, and they are fighting over a large knife. As you draw your firearm, you yell at the subject to get off the officer and drop the knife. The subject looks up at you, gets off the officer, and moves toward you. There is only about 10 feet between you and the subject, and the other people are directly behind you.

4. Dressed in heavy layered clothing Armed with a large knife Fighting with officer 2 officers One is on his back on the floor fighting over a knife Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Three people in the lobby Injury potential Line of fire/backstop Inside a small cramped lobby LE Scenario 26 You respond as a backup officer to a local motel for a trespasser in the front lobby. The assigned officer is already on scene and radios for dispatch to send more units. As you arrive you go into the lobby, which is a small, cramped area. The hotel manager and two other people are behind the counter pointing and screaming towards the back of the lobby, where you hear what sounds like a fight taking place. As you move towards the sounds, you find the original officer on his back on the floor with a subject dressed in heavy, layered clothing kneeling over him, and they are fighting over a large knife. As you draw your firearm, you yell at the subject to get off the officer and drop the knife. The subject looks up at you, gets off the officer, and moves toward you. There is only about 10 feet between you and the subject, and the other people are directly behind you.

5. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 27 You respond to a residence in a large neighborhood in reference to an unknown subject looking through the living room window of the residence. You arrive and park one house away and approach on foot. It’s 3:00 a.m., and there are no lights. You are 5’ 8”, 145 lb, armed with your duty handgun and a flashlight. As you go around the back of the house, you see a dark figure run from a window. The person appears to be approximately 5’5”, 200 lb, with long hair. You yell, “Stop! Police!” but the person keeps running. You give chase, and as you go around the other side of the house, you catch up, and the person turns around quickly and faces you. The person is a White woman. With the light from your flashlight, you notice something in her right hand that you perceive to be a knife, and she assumes a fighting stance. As soon as she sees you, she drops the knife and puts her arms in the air.

6. White female 5’ 5”, 200 lb Armed with a knife Ultimately compliant 5’ 8”, 145 lb Armed with handgun Flashlight Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Person(s) in the house Nature of call 3:00 am Dark, no light Large residential neighborhood LE Scenario 27 You respond to a residence in a large neighborhood in reference to an unknown subject looking through the living room window of the residence. You arrive and park one house away and approach on foot. It’s 3:00 a.m., and there are no lights. You are 5’ 8”, 145 lb, armed with your duty handgun and a flashlight. As you go around the back of the house, you see a dark figure run from a window. The person appears to be approximately 5’5”, 200 lb, with long hair. You yell, “Stop! Police!” but the person keeps running. You give chase, and as you go around the other side of the house, you catch up, and the person turns around quickly and faces you. The person is a White woman. With the light from your flashlight, you notice something in her right hand that you perceive to be a knife, and she assumes a fighting stance. As soon as she sees you, she drops the knife and puts her arms in the air.

7. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 28 While on foot patrol around 4:00 p.m. in a housing community known for gang activity, you and your partner approach a group of five males loitering in front of unoccupied units. Approximately 30 feet from making contact, you observe one of the subjects remove a revolver from his waistband and toss it behind him, but still within reach. You covertly alert your partner of the pistol by using the agency code for “gun.” Both of you draw your weapons and order all of the subjects onto the ground. While your partner provides cover, you enter the area to secure the gun and start handcuffing the subjects. At the same time, one of the uncuffed subjects reaches into his waistband and pulls out a semiautomatic pistol gripped between his thumb and index finger and throws it away.

8. 5 male subjects Possible gang members Armed with at least 2 handguns 2 officers On foot Weapons drawn Number of restraint devices Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Possible presence of other gang members Availability of backup Availability of cover Potential for injury Potential crossfire Housing community known for gang activity Unoccupied units Daylight LE Scenario 28 While on foot patrol around 4:00 p.m. in a housing community known for gang activity, you and your partner approach a group of five males loitering in front of unoccupied units. Approximately 30 feet from making contact, you observe one of the subjects remove a revolver from his waistband and toss it behind him, but still within reach. You covertly alert your partner of the pistol by using the agency code for “gun.” Both of you draw your weapons and order all of the subjects onto the ground. While your partner provides cover, you enter the area to secure the gun and start handcuffing the subjects. At the same time, one of the uncuffed subjects reaches into his waistband and pulls out a semiautomatic pistol gripped between his thumb and index finger and throws it away.

9. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 29 Dispatch alerts all units to respond to the mall, advising a male subject is in the food court with a rifle, shooting randomly at people. You respond to the parking lot and meet up with several other officers to enter the food court area in groups of four. Officers are armed with M-16 rifles and handguns. As you approach the food court from the exterior doors, several people are running out toward you screaming and crying. Some have blood on them. Once inside, you see injured people all over the floor. Some are being carried out by others. You can still hear gunfire coming from the food court. Your group of four officers moves towards the gunfire. In the center of the food court, surrounded by panic stricken people, you see the male subject shooting at the people. His back is towards you, and he is walking away towards the restroom. You see five people run into the restroom ahead of the subject.

10. One male subject Armed with a rifle Numerous officers Broke up into groups of four Armed with M-16 rifles and handguns Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Several citizens Several injuries Citizens panic stricken Citizens running In a crowded public mall In an open food court area Chaos LE Scenario 29 Dispatch alerts all units to respond to the mall, advising a male subject is in the food court with a rifle, shooting randomly at people. You respond to the parking lot and meet up with several other officers to enter the food court area in groups of four. Officers are armed with M-16 rifles and handguns. As you approach the food court from the exterior doors, several people are running out toward you screaming and crying. Some have blood on them. Once inside, you see injured people all over the floor. Some are being carried out by others. You can still hear gunfire coming from the food court. Your group of four officers moves towards the gunfire. In the center of the food court, surrounded by panic stricken people, you see the male subject shooting at the people. His back is towards you, and he is walking away towards the restroom. You see five people run into the restroom ahead of the subject.

11. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 30 You are patrolling in your zone when your zone partner radios for backup. He has a vehicle stopped that is occupied by two males. First is a 5’10”, 160 lb White male. The second is a 6’1”, 180 lb Black male. Your zone partner is 6’1”, 190 lb. and you are 5’7”, 200 lb. It is 8:00 p.m., and it is the middle of the summer. The sun is setting, and the traffic stop is facing west. When you arrive on scene, both subjects are still in their car. You position your patrol car to the right of your zone partner’s vehicle, and he tells you that he stopped them for unlawful speed. When he was obtaining driver and vehicle information from the driver, he noticed an odor that he believed to be burnt cannabis.

12. White male 5’10”, 160 lb Black male 6’1”, 180 lb One officer 5’7”, 200 lb One officer 6’1”, 190 lb Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Possible drugs Traffic Setting sun LE Scenario 30 You are patrolling in your zone when your zone partner radios for backup. He has a vehicle stopped that is occupied by two males. First is a 5’10”, 160 lb White male. The second is a 6’1”, 180 lb Black male. Your zone partner is 6’1”, 190 lb. and you are 5’7”, 200 lb. It is 8:00 p.m., and it is the middle of the summer. The sun is setting, and the traffic stop is facing west. When you arrive on scene, both subjects are still in their car. You position your patrol car to the right of your zone partner’s vehicle, and he tells you that he stopped them for unlawful speed. When he was obtaining driver and vehicle information from the driver, he noticed an odor that he believed to be burnt cannabis.

13. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapons? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 31 You are a male officer who lives in an apartment complex, and you are off duty. Your next-door neighbor is a woman who lives alone. You hear yelling and screaming coming from her apartment and then a knock on your door. It is the woman who tells you that she is having an argument with her boyfriend of two weeks. She is not injured. She has asked him to leave, but he is refusing to do so. You call 911 and request a patrol unit to respond. You go next door and identify yourself as a police officer and advise the man he needs to leave. He is 5’7”, 160 lb, and you are 5’10”, 160 lb. You are unarmed. As you make the request again, you advise him that other officers are on the way. He grabs the door frame and says, “I am not going anywhere.”

14. One male 5’7”, 160 lb Arguing Noncompliant Braced in a doorway One officer Off duty Unarmed Called for assistance Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Other residents Apartment complex LE Scenario 31 You are a male officer who lives in an apartment complex, and you are off duty. Your next-door neighbor is a woman who lives alone. You hear yelling and screaming coming from her apartment and then a knock on your door. It is the woman who tells you that she is having an argument with her boyfriend of two weeks. She is not injured. She has asked him to leave, but he is refusing to do so. You call 911 and request a patrol unit to respond. You go next door and identify yourself as a police officer and advise the man he needs to leave. He is 5’7”, 160 lb, and you are 5’10”, 160 lb. You are unarmed. As you make the request again, you advise him that other officers are on the way. He grabs the door frame and says, “I am not going anywhere.”

15. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 32 While patrolling for smugglers two miles off shore in the Keys in your fully marked patrol boat, you notice a boat that is overloaded with passengers. When you order the driver of the boat to cut his engines, he speeds up and flees. You radio dispatch that you are in pursuit of a possible smuggling boat. As you are gaining on the fleeing boat, the driver turns and fires a handgun at you.

16. At least one Armed with a handgun One officer Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Deadly force Several other persons on board Assumed smuggling situation Potential injury to innocent people On the open water in the ocean LE Scenario 32 While patrolling for smugglers two miles off shore in the Keys in your fully marked patrol boat, you notice a boat that is overloaded with passengers. When you order the driver of the boat to cut his engines, he speeds up and flees. You radio dispatch that you are in pursuit of a possible smuggling boat. As you are gaining on the fleeing boat, the driver turns and fires a handgun at you.

17. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 33 It is early evening, and you are in full uniform working patrol on an ATV in a heavily wooded area several miles from any roads. Your radio communications works intermittently at best. You hear two gunshots that you believe to be from a rifle. Turning off your ATV, you start walking toward the direction of the shots. You hear two voices yelling back and forth, and they sound like older males. There is a third gunshot from the same area. You come onto a clearing and approximately 300 feet away, see an older male holding a long gun with a bear lying at his feet. The clearing is in a protected nature park.

18. At least two males Only one subject seen Possibly armed with a rifle One officer In uniform Communications are poor Vehicle is an ATV Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Availability of backup Second subject could also be armed Cover and concealment Heavily wooded area Large open clearing Several miles from any roads LE Scenario 33 It is early evening, and you are in full uniform working patrol on an ATV in a heavily wooded area several miles from any roads. Your radio communications works intermittently at best. You hear two gunshots that you believe to be from a rifle. Turning off your ATV, you start walking toward the direction of the shots. You hear two voices yelling back and forth, and they sound like older males. There is a third gunshot from the same area. You come onto a clearing and approximately 300 feet away, see an older male holding a long gun with a bear lying at his feet. The clearing is in a protected nature park.

19. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 34 John Doe is a 46-year-old male. He is 6’ 2” and approximately 210 lb. Doe, a construction worker, has been unemployed the past two months. On Tuesday afternoon at 2:00 p.m., Mr. Doe places himself in a seated position directly in front of the state capitol building’s entrance and holds a sign protesting worker’s compensation laws. You advise Mr. Doe that his actions are illegal and that he must leave the entrance area to allow for public access. Doe does not respond to your commands. You advise Mr. Doe three times that if he does not move, he will be arrested. Mr. Doe begins to spit at you and states, “It will take more than you to move me!”

20. Male 46 years old 6’2”, 210 lb Construction worker Unemployed Unresponsive to officer’s commands Spits at officer Made verbal threat Availability of backup Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Possible news media Blood borne pathogens (spit) Potential for injury At State Capitol building LE Scenario 34 John Doe is a 46-year-old male. He is 6’ 2” and approximately 210 lb. Doe, a construction worker, has been unemployed the past two months. On Tuesday afternoon at 2:00 p.m., Mr. Doe places himself in a seated position directly in front of the state capitol building’s entrance and holds a sign protesting worker’s compensation laws. You advise Mr. Doe that his actions are illegal and that he must leave the entrance area to allow for public access. Doe does not respond to your commands. You advise Mr. Doe three times that if he does not move, he will be arrested. Mr. Doe begins to spit at you and states, “It will take more than you to move me!”

21. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 35 You and your partner respond to a report of a prowler at a residence where the home owners are out of town. The call comes in around 10:30 p.m. Upon arrival, you set up a perimeter around the house and wait for K-9 to arrive. While waiting, a young male subject runs out the back door toward you. He is approximately 5’4” to 5’7” with a slight build. He is carrying what appears to be a woman's purse. As he runs toward you, you shine your flashlight at his face and hands and yell, “Stop! Police!” He turns to run towards the backyard, which is fenced in with a 6’ privacy fence. You order him to stop and get on the ground. He does not comply and starts to climb the fence to get away.

22. Young male About 5’4” to 5’7”, slight build Running away Carrying a woman's purse Noncompliant Two officers Called for K-9 assistance Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Homeowners out of town Other homes in the area Responding to prowler Nighttime Residential area 6’ privacy fence LE Scenario 35 You and your partner respond to a report of a prowler at a residence where the home owners are out of town. The call comes in around 10:30 p.m. Upon arrival, you set up a perimeter around the house and wait for K-9 to arrive. While waiting, a young male subject runs out the back door toward you. He is approximately 5’4” to 5’7” with a slight build. He is carrying what appears to be a woman's purse. As he runs towards you, you shine your flashlight at his face and hands and yell, “Stop! Police!” He turns to run toward the backyard, which is fenced in with a 6’ privacy fence. You order him to stop and get on the ground. He does not comply and starts to climb the fence to get away.

23. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal force? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 36 You are alone and driving through an area that has several retail stores and is crowded with pedestrians. You witness a man grab a purse from a woman. The man appears to be in his early twenties and is about 5’10” and approximately 140 lb. The suspect and victim are struggling for control of the purse. The man starts to strike the woman with his hands. No weapons are in sight.

24. Male, early twenties 5’10”, 140 lb Immediate threat Combative One officer On patrol in marked car In uniform Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Woman refuses to relinquish purse Injury potential to victim, officer, others Numerous innocent bystanders Crowded area Roadway traffic LE Scenario 36 You are alone and driving through an area that has several retail stores and is crowded with pedestrians. You witness a man grab a purse from a woman. The man appears to be in his early twenties and is about 5’10” and approximately 140 lb. The suspect and victim are struggling for control of the purse. The man starts to strike the woman with his hands. No weapons are in sight.

25. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal force? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 37 While patrolling I-75 on a summer day, you are dispatched to a rest area about two miles ahead of your location. People have complained that a woman is asking people in the rest area for money. The woman is described as 5’6”, 150 lb, wearing a coat, and her clothing is dirty. You are a female officer who is 5’8”, 145 lb. Upon arrival, you see a woman matching the description given. You get out of your patrol car and approach the woman. You notice a bulge under her coat on the right side. You ask her to turn around, place her hands on top of her head, and interlace her fingers.

26. One female, 5’6” , 150 lb Wearing coat in summer Bulge under coat One female 5’8”, 145 lb Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical Presence Verbal commands Physical control People in the rest area Public rest area LE Scenario 37 While patrolling I-75 on a summer day, you are dispatched to a rest area about two miles ahead of your location. People have complained that a woman is asking people in the rest area for money. The woman is described as 5’6”, 150 lb, wearing a coat, and her clothing is dirty. You are a female officer who is 5’8”, 145 lb. Upon arrival, you see a woman matching the description given. You get out of your patrol car and approach the woman. You notice a bulge under her coat on the right side. You ask her to turn around, place her hands on top of her head, and interlace her fingers.

27. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 38 You are on a traffic stop for a broken taillight lens on a secondary road. The vehicle you have stopped is occupied by three people. You have the driver’s information, and there are no warrants or history on the driver. While you are at your patrol car, the right front passenger gets out of the passenger side and begins to run down the street away from you. You yell, "Stop! Police!” He replies, “I don't have time for this; I have to get home.”

28. Three subjects No known warrants on driver One running away One officer Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands On secondary road LE Scenario 38 You are on a traffic stop for a broken taillight lens on a secondary road. The vehicle you have stopped is occupied by three people. You have the driver’s information, and there are no warrants or history on the driver. While you are at your patrol car, the right front passenger gets out of the passenger side and begins to run down the street away from you. You yell, "Stop! Police!” He replies, “I don't have time for this; I have to get home.”

29. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 39 You and another officer have a warrant to arrest a man for a bank burglary that occurred several weeks previously. Unable to locate the man at his apartment, you go to a nearby garage where he works as an auto mechanic. Both you and your partner approach the subject, identify yourselves, and tell him that he is under arrest. The subject suddenly hurls a wrench at you, which you manage to dodge. The subject then removes a small canister from a nearby bench and shouts, “If you guys don’t get out of my way, I’ll mace you!” You and your partner hold your positions about 30 feet from the subject, draw your handguns, and order the subject to drop the canister. The subject does not comply with the command but continues to point the canister in your direction as he moves toward you and the other officer.

30. One male Wanted for felony Noncompliant Currently possesses a weapon that could incapacitate Threatening statement Two officers Drawn weapons Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Availability of additional weapons Additional people present 30 feet between officer and subject Public business LE Scenario 39 You and another officer have a warrant to arrest a man for a bank burglary that occurred several weeks previously. Unable to locate the man at his apartment, you go to a nearby garage where he works as an auto mechanic. Both you and your partner approach the subject, identify yourselves, and tell him that he is under arrest. The subject suddenly hurls a wrench at you, which you manage to dodge. The subject then removes a small canister from a nearby bench and shouts, “If you guys don’t get out of my way, I’ll mace you!” You and your partner hold your positions about 30 feet from the subject, draw your handguns, and order the subject to drop the canister. The subject does not comply with the command but continues to point the canister in your direction as he moves toward you and the other officer.

31. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 40 You and another officer approach a subject suspected of a nonviolent felony offense in the break room of the manufacturing plant where the subject works. You and your partner have a warrant for his arrest. As you approach the man, who is of average size and not known to be violent, you announce your identity and tell him he is under arrest. While both of you are within arm’s length, the unarmed subject executes a precise karate kick to you partner’s groin, disabling him. You back away, draw your handgun, and order the subject to surrender. The subject ignores your commands, adopts a martial arts fighting stance, and moves toward you.

32. One male Average size Martial arts skills No known history of violence Fighting stance Two officers Partner is disabled Handgun drawn Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Other people present Felony arrest Availability of weapons Break room of business Distance between officer and subject LE Scenario 40 You and another officer approach a subject suspected of a nonviolent felony offense in the break room of the manufacturing plant where the subject works. You and your partner have a warrant for his arrest. As you approach the man, who is of average size and not known to be violent, you announce your identity and tell him he is under arrest. While both of you are within arm’s length, the unarmed subject executes a precise karate kick to you partner’s groin, disabling him. You back away, draw your handgun, and order the subject to surrender. The subject ignores your commands, adopts a martial arts fighting stance, and moves toward you.

33. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 41 You and another officer are involved in executing the arrest warrant on a man who has committed a series of bombings over a period of years, resulting in several deaths and serious injuries. There is no information to suggest that the subject carries firearms or other weapons. When you and the other officer approach the subject, he sees you from a distance of about 25 yards and quickly turns and runs in the opposite direction. You shout, “Police! Stop!” Ignoring the commands, the subject continues to run. When it becomes apparent that neither of you can overtake the subject, you again shout, “Police! Stop, or I’ll shoot!” The subject keeps running.

34. One male Wanted for felony violent crime Specialized knowledge of explosives Noncompliant Running away Two officers Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Availability of backup Possibility of explosives present Potential for injury Distance between officers and subject LE Scenario 41 You and another officer are involved in executing the arrest warrant on a man who has committed a series of bombings over a period of years, resulting in several deaths and serious injuries. There is no information to suggest that the subject carries firearms or other weapons. When you and the other officer approach the subject, he sees you from a distance of about 25 yards and quickly turns and runs in the opposite direction. You shout, “Police! Stop!” Ignoring the commands, the subject continues to run. When it becomes apparent that neither of you can overtake the subject, you again shout, “Police! Stop, or I’ll shoot!” The subject keeps running.

35. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 42 You and another officer possess a warrant to arrest a man on a charge of organized scheme to defraud. Both you and the other officer go to the subject’s residence, which is located next door to an elementary school, to execute the warrant. As you walk up to the front door, you hear a noise of a door slamming from the rear of the house and see a man matching the description of the subject running from the back of the house toward the nearby woods. Both you and your partner immediately give chase but are unable to close the gap. Finally, you shout, “Police! Stop, or we’ll shoot!” When the subject continues to flee, you draw your sidearm and fire a shot into the air. The subject continues to run.

36. One male Warrant for nonviolent felony Fleeing Two officers Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Possible presence of neighbors or children Subject’s residence Next to elementary school Nearby woods LE Scenario 42 You and another officer possess a warrant to arrest a man on a charge of organized scheme to defraud. Both you and the other officer go to the subject’s residence, which is located next door to an elementary school, to execute the warrant. As you walk up to the front door, you hear a noise of a door slamming from the rear of the house and see a man matching the description of the subject running from the back of the house toward the nearby woods. Both you and your partner immediately give chase but are unable to close the gap. Finally, you shout, “Police! Stop, or we’ll shoot!” When the subject continues to flee, you draw your sidearm and fire a shot into the air. The subject continues to run.

37. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 43 While on patrol, you spot a stolen vehicle parked at a public beach with one male occupant inside. You call for backup and two additional officers arrive. All three of you approach the vehicle with handguns drawn. At first the suspect refused to get out or show his hands. You see him reaching for something inside the car. One of the other officers recognizes the man as a 65-year-old man who had previously been Baker Acted for suicidal threats. You order the man to get out of the vehicle numerous times. He is agitated, crying, and yelling that he wants to die. After numerous commands, the suspect gets out of the vehicle holding a handgun with the barrel in his mouth. As he walks toward you, at first he ignores commands to stop and throw down the gun. Then, he stops abruptly and fires the gun. It misfires. He then runs a few yards, turns around, puts the gun to his head, and pulls the trigger again. The gun misfires a second time.

38. 65-year-old male Agitated Previous mental history Suicidal Noncompliant Armed with a handgun 3 officers Handguns drawn Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Availability of cover Potential injury Public beach Bystanders could enter scene at any time LE Scenario 43 While on patrol, you spot a stolen vehicle parked at a public beach with one male occupant inside. You call for backup and two additional officers arrive. All three of you approach the vehicle with handguns drawn. At first the suspect refused to get out or show his hands. You see him reaching for something inside the car. One of the other officers recognizes the man as a 65-year-old man who had previously been Baker Acted for suicidal threats. You order the man to get out of the vehicle numerous times. He is agitated, crying, and yelling that he wants to die. After numerous commands, the suspect gets out of the vehicle holding a handgun with the barrel in his mouth. As he walks toward you, at first he ignores commands to stop and throw down the gun. Then, he stops abruptly and fires the gun. It misfires. He then runs a few yards, turns around, puts the gun to his head, and pulls the trigger again. The gun misfires a second time.

39. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 44 You and another officer, both in marked cars, stop a vehicle at 1:32 a.m. that comes back as reported stolen via your communications center. When the vehicle stops, two young males get out and run away from you and the other officer. You run after the driver of the vehicle, who you think you recognize from previous arrests. During a long foot pursuit, the suspect runs onto a housing construction site and falls to the ground with a sprained ankle, arms himself with a three-foot-long piece of one-inch copper pipe, and stands back up to face you. Now that you are face to face, you confirm that the suspect is a 14-year-old, 187 lb, 5’9” 8th grader from the local middle school.

40. 14 years old 5’9”, 187 lb 8th grader at middle school Driving without license Sprained ankle Armed with impact weapon of opportunity Two officers Previous knowledge of subject Physical exhaustion from foot pursuit Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Another subject who may intervene Nighttime Construction site Limited visibility LE Scenario 44 You and another officer, both in marked cars, stop a vehicle at 1:32 a.m. that comes back as reported stolen via your communications center. When the vehicle stops, two young males get out and run away from you and the other officer. You run after the driver of the vehicle, who you think you recognize from previous arrests. During a long foot pursuit, the suspect runs onto a housing construction site and falls to the ground with a sprained ankle, arms himself with a three-foot-long piece of one-inch copper pipe, and stands back up to face you. Now that you are face to face, you confirm that the suspect is a 14-year-old, 187 lb, 5’9” 8th grader from the local middle school.

41. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 45 You are driving through a neighborhood on patrol. The neighborhood has a history of drug sales, loitering, and fighting. You see three young people sitting on a large electrical box near the corner of two streets. There have been numerous arrests made in the past for possession of drugs, as recently as two days ago. You stop to talk to them and one of them takes off running. The other two stand up and keep their distance from you. You begin asking them questions, eventually advising them you are going to pat them down to make sure they don't have any weapons. Both subjects look at each other and take a step backwards.

42. Three subjects Young One subject runs One officer Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Recent drug arrests in the area High crime neighborhood Street corner LE Scenario 45 You are driving through a neighborhood on patrol. The neighborhood has a history of drug sales, loitering, and fighting. You see three young people sitting on a large electrical box near the corner of two streets. There have been numerous arrests made in the past for possession of drugs, as recently as two days ago. You stop to talk to them and one of them takes off running. The other two stand up and keep their distance from you. You begin asking them questions, eventually advising them you are going to pat them down to make sure they don't have any weapons. Both subjects look at each other and take a step backwards.

43. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 46 You are a 5’11”, 165 lb officer, and you are in a local restaurant on your meal break. When a patron comes up to you and says there are two young men fighting in the parking lot, you contact dispatch by your portable radio and advise them of the situation. As you enter the parking lot, you see two teenagers on the ground fighting. You do not see any weapons.

44. Two teen subjects Fighting Alone 5’11”, 165 lb Radio Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Presence of restaurant patron Parking lot LE Scenario 46 You are a 5’11”, 165 lb officer, and you are in a local restaurant on your meal break. When a patron comes up to you and says there are two young men fighting in the parking lot, you contact dispatch by your portable radio and advise them of the situation. As you enter the parking lot, you see two teenagers on the ground fighting. You do not see any weapons.

45. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 47 You are on patrol in a minority neighborhood at 1:00 a.m. and observe three people sitting on an electrical box about two blocks away. You can see them because there is a full moon, and some of the street lights have not been shot out and still work. You cannot tell their race or gender at this point. As you drive towards them, a rock the size of a baseball strikes the front of your car on the hood, causing a large dent. Within seconds, the three subjects take off running, and a fourth subject joins them. One of the subjects, a young male, trips and falls, which allows you to stop your vehicle and come into contact with the subject who tripped. He attempts to get up to continue running. You can no longer see the other three subjects.

46. Four subjects At least one young male One officer Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Patrol car damaged from thrown rock Potential for injury Nighttime Moonlight and some street lights LE Scenario 47 You are on patrol in a minority neighborhood at 1:00 a.m. and observe three people sitting on an electrical box about two blocks away. You can see them because there is a full moon, and some of the street lights have not been shot out and still work. You cannot tell their race or gender at this point. As you drive towards them, a rock the size of a baseball strikes the front of your car on the hood, causing a large dent. Within seconds, the three subjects take off running, and a fourth subject joins them. One of the subjects, a young male, trips and falls, which allows you to stop your vehicle and come into contact with the subject who tripped. He attempts to get up to continue running. You can no longer see the other three subjects.

47. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 48 It is mid day, and you are conducting a traffic stop for an improper lane change. You are 6’1”, 200 lb, and the violator is Mr. Jones, who is 5’8”, 190 lb. While writing the citation, Mr. Jones stands at your right front fender. You finish writing the citation, and you approach Mr. Jones to get him to sign the citation. As you stand within the reactionary gap, Mr. Jones reaches out and attempts to grab your holstered handgun.

48. One male 5’8”, 190 lb Grabs officer’s gun One officer 6’1”, 200 lb Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Deadly force Distance between officer and subject Roadway Traffic Daytime LE Scenario 48 It is mid day, and you are conducting a traffic stop for an improper lane change. You are 6’1”, 200 lb, and the violator is Mr. Jones, who is 5’8”, 190 lb. While writing the citation, Mr. Jones stands at your right front fender. You finish writing the citation, and you approach Mr. Jones to get him to sign the citation. As you stand within the reactionary gap, Mr. Jones reaches out and attempts to grab your holstered handgun.

49. What subject factors influence this situation? Physical size? Demeanor? Weapons? Other? What officer factors influence this situation? Physical size? Training? Experience? Other? Physical presence? Use verbal commands? Use physical control? Use nonlethal weapon? Use deadly force? What other factors influence this situation? Is the subject resisting my lawful authority? Is the subject making attacking movements NOT LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? Is the subject making attacking movements LIKELY to cause death or great bodily harm? What environmental factors influence this situation? Presence of others? Weather? Location? LE Scenario 49 You are a 5’10”, 160 lb female officer. While on patrol during the night shift in your assigned zone, you stop a vehicle for having only one headlight working. You have blue lights, takedown lights, and spotlight on. The driver is a 6’ male who weighs approximately 200 lb. You identify yourself and tell him the reason for the stop. You request his driver license, vehicle registration, and proof of insurance. While performing a FCIC/NCIC check, a warrant is found on the driver for failure to pay child support. You re-approach the car and inform the driver he is under arrest for the outstanding warrant. You open the door and request the driver to step out of the car. He kicks at you.

50. One male 6’, 200 lb Wanted for failure to pay child support Kicks at officer One female officer 5’10”, 160 lb Given the facts provided, the officer may use one or more of the following: Physical presence Verbal commands Physical control Nonlethal weapon Nighttime Roadside Traffic LE Scenario 49 You are a 5’10”, 160 lb female officer. While on patrol during the night shift in your assigned zone, you stop a vehicle for having only one headlight working. You have blue lights, takedown lights, and spotlight on. The driver is a 6’ male who weighs approximately 200 lb. You identify yourself and tell him the reason for the stop. You request his driver license, vehicle registration, and proof of insurance. While performing a FCIC/NCIC check, a warrant is found on the driver for failure to pay child support. You re-approach the car and inform the driver he is under arrest for the outstanding warrant. You open the door and request the driver to step out of the car. He kicks at you.