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Raphael School of Athens 1509-11 Fresco. The Renaissance.
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Raphael School of Athens 1509-11 Fresco The Renaissance
During the Middle Ages, people in western Europe thought of the Catholic Church as the center of their existence, guiding them along the rough road of life to salvation. By the beginning of the fifteenth century, however, people began to rediscover the world around them and realize that they were an important part of it. They had believed that life in this world was primarily a preparation for heaven, and this gave way to an interest in the here and now. This change of view was brought about through a revival of interest in the art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome. This period is referred to as the Renaissance, a period of great awakening. The word renaissance means "rebirth."
The Medici family, who controlled this banking empire, became generous patrons of the fine arts. Italy was made up of city-states during the 1400s. Why was the location of Florence important to the development and promotion of Renaissance art
Roman writers, religious books, and volumes of poetry and prose. Medici Coat of Arms
Masachio The Tribute Money 1427 Fresco Example of linear perspective
* Clothing styles were dictated by law to preserve class distinction…in other words, the lower and middle class were not allowed to wear certain attire and or color. The color red was made from a dye of crushed ants, and purple was made of snail shells, both extremely hard to come by and therefore reserved for royalty.
Like Fra Angelico, Lorenzo Ghiberti (Iohren-zoh gee-bair-tee) combined elements of the new Renaissance style with the earlier Gothic style. A sculptor, Ghiberti is best known for the works he made for the Baptistry of the Florence Cathedral. This subject was chosen because it seemed like a good test for an artist. It was a religious scene of great dramatic interest, and it would have to include several figures in motion. Entries were turned in by hopeful artists and were carefully examined. Finally Ghiberti was declared the winner. He spent the next twenty-one years of his life completing the twenty-eight panels used on the doors. Lorenzo Ghiberti The Sacrifice of Isaac 1401 Bronze
The Gates of Paradise. Ghiberti drew more heavily on new Renaissance ideas later in his career when he worked on a second set of doors for the Baptistry These doors showed scenes from the Old Testament. For them, Ghiberti abandoned the Gothic frame used in earlier panels and made the individual reliefs square. He also introduced a greater feeling of space by using linear perspective. This made the buildings and other objects appear to extend back into the work. Finally, he modeled his figures so that they stand out from the surface of the panel and seem almost fully rounded. When Michelangelo gazed upon these doors, he said they were worthy of being used as the gates to heaven. Ghiberto Gates of Paradise 1425-52
As a result of this intellectual rebirth, artists acquired additional areas of interest from which to draw ideas for their works and developed techniques that brought an exciting new vitality to their paintings and sculptures. artists who eagerly accepted new Renaissance ideas. His concern for perspective is evident when you analyze his painting The Battle of San Romano. Bodies and broken spears are placed in such a way that they lead your eye into the picture. Notice the fallen figure in the lower It is more like a group of puppets arranged in a mock battle scene. By concentrating on perspective, Uccello failed to make his figures and their actions seem lifelike. The world that he painted is not a real world at all, but an artificial world dictated almost entirely by the rules of perspective Uccelio The Battle of San Romano. 1445. Tempra on Wood
own version. He had an entire wall to work on in a dining hall used by monks in the Monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. .
He had been working on it for 16 years. Yet, he claimed that it was still unfinished. That painting, is now one of the most popular works of art ever created. Leonardo Da Vinci The Mona Lisa 1503 Oil on Wood
After the Pieta was completed, it was placed in the basilica in St. Peters. The public were astounded at the beauty of this remarkable sculpture, and all tried to guess who created such a wonderful piece. Michelangelo was infuriated, and crept in during the middle of the night to carve his name on the sash across Mary's robe. It was the only piece Michelangelo ever signed…from then on, he never had to, his fame was secure. Michelangelo The Pieta 1500 Marble
come all these barriers and succeed as serious artists. One of these was Sofonisba Anguissola (soh-foh-niss-bah ahn-gue-iss-sol-ah).
