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CP Command Usage and VM Dump Tool Importance

Learn about the usage and structure of CP commands, the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual LANs, and the most useful CP commands.

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CP Command Usage and VM Dump Tool Importance

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  1. Objectives • Describe how CP commands are used and structured • Explain the importance of the VM Dump Tool and VM Virtual LANs • List and describe the important and most useful CP commands

  2. Control Program (CP) • It provides each user with an individual working virtual machine environment • Every virtual machine is a functional equivalent of a real system, sharing: • Processor functions • Storage • Console • I/O device resources • It provides connectivity support to exchange information and access resources

  3. Real-Machine Resource Manager • CP is a real-machine resource manager • Handles real machine hardware interrupts and all intercepts • Schedules certain real I/O operations • Manages: • Real storage • Expanded storage • Auxiliary storage • CP is the only way to communicate with the real resources on your virtual machine

  4. Read/Punch/Print

  5. Cross-System Extension (CSE) • Allows multiple systems to be coupled together in a complex that provides CSE • Cross-system link extends the existing CP minidisk access protocols • Allows Single System Image

  6. CSE Capabilities

  7. Overview of Setting up a CSE Complex • Provide the hardware connections between the processors • Install the IBM VM/Pass-Through Facility (licensed program) • Configure z/VM and the supporting programs with the information they need to run the CSE complex

  8. Using CSE as a Hot Backup … HeartBeat

  9. Inter-System Facility for Communications • Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC) is a function of CP • It enables communications between programs written to: • APPC/VM • Communication Services (CS), which is a group of interconnected VM systems that uses ISFC to communicate with each other • Specific programming interfaces: IUCV

  10. The Three Types of Virtual Machines • The three types of VMs are defined by their storage configurations • V=R • CP provides best performance benefits for the VM and it must begin at location 0 • V=F • Also provides performance benefits but does not have to start at location 0 • V=V • It does not map the host storage; it pages guest real storage into and out of the host real storage

  11. Real Storage in z/VM

  12. Real Storage in z/VM cont.

  13. Preferred Virtual Machines V=R & V=F Differences V=F can have more than one virtual machine running, while V=R can only run one virtual machine V=F does not start at absolute zero V=R must start at absolute 0 V=R has better performance because it does less table translation than V=F • V=R & V=F Similarities • Store information in the real location • Are mapped into contiguous real storage • Can have dedicated real processors • Have similar I/O interpretations and simulation for shared devices

  14. Using CP Commands • z/VM uses the CP command language to configure, tune and manipulate resources • To control the resources of the real machine • Processors • I/O devices • Networking devices • To control your virtual machine’s configuration and environment

  15. CP Command Structure • z/VM’s CP command lines contain a command name and a positional operand • Command names are: • Alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long • Verbs that describe the function • Operands are: • Keywords and symbols 8 characters or less in length • Not required on some commands

  16. CP Command Truncations and Abbreviations Abbreviations: Shorter form of command names They appear below the full name of the command in the syntax diagram Operand abbreviations are displayed in the operand description For the MESSAGE command we could use: Message  Full Name Msg  Abbreviation • Truncations: • Shorter form created by dropping one or more letters from the end of the command or operand • The uppercase letters in the syntax diagram must remain, but lowercase letters can be omitted • For the QUERY command we could use: Query  Full name que  Truncation q  Shortest truncation

  17. CP Control Tools: VM Guest LAN Connectivity for Virtual Adapters Enables VM users to connect virtual network adapters to an emulated LAN When connected to this virtual LAN, users can communicate over a physical LAN segment • Virtual Adapters • Simulated by a NIC, such as HiperSockets and OSA-Express devices • Can be operated by a guest using the same software that would be used to control the equivalent hardware

  18. CP Control Tools: VM Dump Tool

  19. CP Commands

  20. Privilege Class Revisited

  21. ATTACH

  22. ATTACH

  23. DEFINE • The DEFINE command can change your system configuration and allows you to add new commands and setups to your system • Usage Notes: • You can suppress messages from this command by entering  SET IMSG OFF • Using the DEFINE command to alter the configuration of your virtual machine is temporary. Your configuration returns to its original state at the end of the session • Using the DEFINE command for I/O configuration is also temporary, unless you update you I/O configuration program file to make the changes permanent

  24. DEDICATE

  25. DEDICATE – Usage Notes • Defaults for DEDICATE are: • CPU ALL • User ID of the V=R machine • If there are more virtual processors then real processors, the lowest virtual addresses are dedicated first. • Order is not important for CPU and USER. • It is possible to have your dedicated processor become undedicated when some commands are issued after DEDICATE. This can be avoided if you enable automatic dedication.

  26. INDICATE • For privilege Class G, it displays: • Recent contention for system resources • Environment characteristics of your virtual machine • Measurements of resources used by your virtual machine • For privilege Class E (sometimes B or C) it displays: • Detailed information on the use of system resources • The status of currently active virtual machines • Environment characteristics and measurements of resources used by any virtual machine

  27. MESSAGE • The MESSAGE command: • Transmits messages to the virtual console of other active users • Has the format Messageuserid messtosend • Usage Notes: • Messaging length in the CP environment is limited by the input area of the terminal • The SET MSG OFF command suppresses messages • Messages are displayed only when the display device is ready to receive output • If MSG ALL AT ALL is entered in a CSE, every user in every system receives the message

  28. VARY (Real Device)

  29. VARY – Usage Notes • Usage Notes: • If you specify a list of devices, the summary at the end will list the devices that were varied online or offline • If your devices were varied online, but a success status does not appear and no errors occurred, use the FORCE operand to bring them online • The test operand provides the ability to use VARY for a device that would not normally be allowed by CP

  30. Conclusion • CP manages the resources of a single computer so that multiple computing systems appear to exist • CSE and ISFC help CP work with other virtual machines to create an interconnected environment • Virtual Machines can be set up to run in many different environments, such as V=V, V=R, and V=F • CP-supported facilities show how z/VM can be modified and extended by the CP commands

  31. Glossary Cross System Extensions (CSE)- allows users in up to four interconnected VM systems to participate in a multi-system environment. Inter-System Facility for Communications (ISFC)- provides communications facilities between transaction programs on interconnected z/VM systems. Programmed Operator Facility (PROP)- allows remote control of a virtual machine, enabling limited automation of routine operator activities

  32. Glossary Dynamic Paging Area (DPA)- part of the real storage that CP uses for virtual machine pages...the real page pool Operands- keywords and symbols that affect command functions. Command names- verbs that describe command functions. In z/VM, they are alphanumeric and less than 12 characters long. Truncations- shorter forms constructed by dropping one or more letters from the end of a command or operand name Abbreviations- short versions of command names

  33. Glossary Asynchronous Data Mover Facility (ADMF)- can offload page move activity onto the I/O processor, freeing the instruction processor Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)- a chip technology used almost universally for processors today Cryptography- an effective means of protecting data in computers and communication systems from unauthorized disclosure ESCON- a set of products and services that use optical fiber technology and dynamically modifiable switches called ESCON Directors

  34. Glossary Fiber optic cables- reduce cable bulk, allowing for an increase in the amount of distance between processors and attached devices, and improved data transfer rates FICON- a fiber optic I/O architecture that coexists with and exploits existing ESCON equipment and infrastructure, but offers improved link performance and enhanced distance connectivity Fast Synchronous Data Mover (FSDM)- replaces ADMF on the G5/G6 and all later processors

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